Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 91 in total

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  1. Fulltext Outbreak management during the worst flood disaster of 2006–2007 in Johore, Malaysia
    Arbaiah, O., Badrul, H.A.S., Marzukhi, M.I., Mohd Yusof, Badaruddin, M., Mohd Adam
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(3):111-118.
    MyJurnal
    Outbreak management in disaster has to be planned and implemented prior to, during and after the disaster is over. The risk of outbreaks following disaster is related to the size, health status and living conditions of the displaced population. The risk is increased due standing water in floods for vector borne diseases, overcrowding, inadequate water and sanitation and poor access to health care. The 2006-2007 flood in Johore resulted in 2 episodes of food poisoning and an outbreak of coxsackie A24 acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Only 19,667 (12.5%) of the 157,018 displaced persons suffered from communicable diseases which comprised of acute respiratory disease 7361(28%), skin infection 4241(19%), acute gastroenteritis 1872(8%) and conjunctivitis 589 (2%). The routine disease surveillance and environmental control were enhanced to cover the relief centers and flood areas. Risk assessment of communicable disease carried out resulted in prompt control measures and good coverage of preventive activities. In conclusion the Johore State Health Department has successfully manage the outbreaks during the major flood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  2. Outbreak of Human Brucellosis from Consumption of Raw Goats' Milk in Penang, Malaysia
    Leong KN, Chow TS, Wong PS, Hamzah SH, Ahmad N, Ch'ng CC
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2015 Sep;93(3):539-41.
    PMID: 26055742 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0246
    We report the largest outbreak of brucellosis in Penang, Malaysia. Brucellosis is not endemic in this region. The index case was a 45-year-old goat farm owner presented with 3 weeks of fever, headache, severe lethargy, poor appetite, and excessive sweating. He claimed to have consumed unpasteurized goat's milk that he had also sold to the public. Tests were negative for tropical diseases (i.e., dengue fever, malaria, leptospirosis and scrub typhus) and blood culture showed no growth. Based on epidemiological clues, Brucella serology was ordered and returned positive. Over a period of 1 year, 79 patients who had consumed milk bought from the same farm were diagnosed with brucellosis. Two of these patients were workers on the farm. Four laboratory staff had also contracted the disease presumably through handling of the blood samples. The mean duration from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 53 days with a maximum duration of 210 days. A combination treatment of rifampin and doxycycline for 6 weeks was the first line of treatment in 90.5% of patients. One-third of the patients had sequelae after recovering and 21% had a relapse. We highlight the importance of Brucellosis as a differential diagnosis when a patient has unexplained chronic fever.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/etiology; Foodborne Diseases/microbiology; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology*
  3. Fulltext Paper review of factors, surveillance and burden of food borne disease outbreak in Malaysia
    Sharifa Ezat, W.P., Netty, D., Sangaran, G.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2013;13(2):98-105.
    MyJurnal
    Food borne diseases like cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A, dysentery and food poisoning occur as the results of ingestion of foodstuffs contaminated with microorganisms or chemical. The true incidence of food borne disease in Malaysia is unknown, however the incidence is low ranging from 1.56 to 0.14 cases per 100,000 population and the food poisoning cases is on the rise as the evident by the incident rate of 62.47 cases per 100,000 population in 2008 and 36.17 in 2009. The rapid population growth and demographic shift toward ageing population, changing eating habit such as consumption of raw or lightly cooked food, long storage of such food, lack of education on basic rules of hygienic food preparation and food trading without appropriate microbiological safety procedure become contributing factors for food borne diseases. Food borne disease in Malaysia is in the rise and the direct and indirect cost management of FBD will become one of the most common issues to face by the government. The world is spending millions and millions in cost of treatment due to food borne diseases. The information on this paper was collected via findings of previous journals, data and statistics from the MOH of Malaysia and WHO websites. As a result, authors found that the prevention and management of the food borne disease outbreak needs to be addressed seriously.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  4. Perak, Malaysia, mass poisoning. Tale of the Nine Emperor Gods and rat tail noodles
    Cheng CT
    Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 1992 Sep;13(3):261-3.
    PMID: 1476136
    In October 1988, a series of food poisoning cases occurred in the State of Perak in Malaysia. Most of the victims were children. Ultimately 13 children between the ages of 2.5 and 11 years died. Epidemiological investigations showed that the probable source of the poison was Loh See Fun, a noodles in the shape of a rat's tail. All the deceased ate the noodles from one supplier. Clinical and pathological findings were similar in each case. Postmortem examination was performed in 11 cases. Toxicological examination on organs in 10 cases showed a high concentration of aflatoxin in tissues of the deceased. High levels of boric acid were excreted from most of the victims. Histological examination of the liver in these cases showed necrotic changes found in aflatoxin poisoning. Combination of the epidemiological, clinical, toxicological, and pathological findings pointed to the fact that there was a common toxin or toxins responsible for the deaths. These were thought to be a combination of boric acid and aflatoxin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/etiology; Foodborne Diseases/mortality*; Foodborne Diseases/pathology
  5. Phytochemical profiles and antimicrobial activity of aromatic Malaysian herb extracts against food-borne pathogenic and food spoilage microorganisms
    Aziman N, Abdullah N, Noor ZM, Kamarudin WS, Zulkifli KS
    J Food Sci, 2014 Apr;79(4):M583-92.
    PMID: 24666004 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12419
    Preliminary phytochemical and flavonoid compounds of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of 6 aromatic Malaysian herbs were screened and quantified using Reverse-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The herbal extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 10 food-borne pathogenic and food spoilage microorganisms using disk diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of herbal extracts were determined. In the phytochemical screening process, both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of P. hydropiper exhibited presence of all 7 tested phytochemical compounds. Among all herbal extracts, the aqueous P. hydropiper and E. elatior extracts demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against 7 tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with diameter ranging from 7.0 to 18.5 mm and 6.5 to 19 mm, respectively. The MIC values for aqueous and ethanolic extracts ranged from 18.75 to 175 mg/mL and 0.391 to 200 mg/mL, respectively while the MBC/MFC values for aqueous and ethanolic extracts ranged from 25 to 200 mg/mL and 3.125 to 50 mg/mL, respectively. Major types of bioactive compounds in aqueous P. hydropiper and E. elatior extracts were identified using RP-HPLC instrument. Flavonoids found in these plants were epi-catechin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The ability of aqueous Persicaria hydropiper (L.) H. Gross and Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Sm. extracts to inhibit the growth of bacteria is an indication of its broad spectrum antimicrobial potential. Hence these herbal extracts may be used as natural preservative to improve the safety and shelf-life of food and pharmaceutical products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/microbiology*; Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control
  6. Fulltext Potential of fermented papaya beverage in the prevention of foodborne illness incidence
    Koh, S.P., Aziz, N., Sharifudin, S.A., Abdullah, R., Hamid, N.S.A., Sarip, J.
    Food Research, 2017;1(4):109-113.
    MyJurnal
    Foodborne illness is recognized as an emerging infectious disease. The incidence of foodborne
    infections is common and the majority cases are undiagnosed or unreported. Apart from some
    diarrhea or minor gastrointestinal problem, some foodborne pathogenic microbes may cause
    death, particularly to those people with weakened immune system. In this study, we have
    developed a new fermented papaya beverage using symbiotic culture of yeast and acetic acid
    bacteria under controlled biofermentation process. An in-vitro assessment of fermented papaya
    beverage against few foodborne pathogenic microorganism was conducted to determine
    its minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC>99). Three types of foodborne pathogen:
    Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 53648, Salmonella
    enterica serovar Enteritidis (isolated from infectious chicken) were selected. From minimum
    bactericidal concentration (MBC>99) assay, both fermented papaya pulp and leaves beverages
    have shown 100% killing rate against three selected foodborne pathogenic microbes. Inversely,
    non-fermented papaya pulp and leaves beverages indicated no inhibition at all. In fact, further
    dilution of fermented papaya pulp and leaves beverages demonstrated different degree of
    MBC>99 and brix value, but the pH value remained less than 3.5. These findings indicated
    the combination of soluble solid compounds presents in both fermented papaya beverage and
    product acidity play an important role in the inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms. The
    preliminary promising results of this work have shown that the great potential of fermented
    papaya beverages as a preventive measure to reduce the incidence of foodborne illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  7. Fulltext Pre-enrichment effect on PCR Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in artificially-contaminated raw chicken meat
    Mohd Afendy, A.T., Son, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(6):2571-2575.
    MyJurnal
    Salmonella remains to be a major foodborne pathogen for animals and humans and is the
    leading cause of foodborne infections and outbreaks in various countries. Salmonella Enteritidis
    is one of the most frequently isolated serotypes in poultry and poultry products from human
    food poisoning cases. It can cause mild to acute gastroenterititis as well as other common
    food poisoning symptoms when infection takes place in human. Nucleic acid amplification
    technologies such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a tool that is rapid and sensitive
    for detection of bacterial pathogen. We report the successful detection of S. Enteritidis by
    PCR in raw chicken meat artificially-contaminated with serial concentration of S. Enteritidis
    using crude DNA extracts as DNA template. PCR primers, ENT-F and ENT-R targeted on sdfI
    gene were used to amplify DNA region unique to S. Enteritidis with crude DNA extract of the
    samples, yielded product with the size of 303 bp. These primers were specific to S. Enteritidis
    when tested by in-silico simulation against genome database of targeted bacterial species and
    confirmed in PCR as amplification bands were observed with S. Typhimurium, S. Polarum and
    S. Gallinarum. The established PCR can detect as few as 9.4 X 101
    CFU/ml of inoculated S.
    Enteritidis concentration and proved that pre-enrichment effect have significant effect on PCR
    detection by increasing 1000-fold of the sensitivity limit compared to the non pre-enriched
    samples. The PCR technique indicated that it can be successfully coupled with pre-enrichment
    step to offer advantage in routine screening and surveillance of bacterial contamination in food
    samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  8. Fulltext Presence of Bacillus cereus s.l. from ready-to-eat cereals (RTE) products in Sarawak
    Lesley, M.B., Velnetti, L., Kasing, A., Samuel, L., Yousr, A.N.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(2):1031-1034.
    MyJurnal
    Bacillus cereus is a soil inhabitant gram positive bacterium, and is known to cause severe food poisoning. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the presence of Bacillus cereus s.l. from selected ready to eat cereals purchased randomly from local supermarkets in Kuching and Kota Samarahan, Sarawak. The result showed that four of the 30 food samples were detected to be contaminated by B. cereus s.l. . Our findings suggested that it is important for the public to be aware of the safety of RTE cereals consumption, as it is possible that B. cereus s.l. may be present in high count number and pose hazardous health effects to the consumers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  9. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter, Salmonella, and L. monocytogenes in ducks: a review
    Adzitey F, Huda N, Ali GR
    Foodborne Pathog Dis, 2012 Jun;9(6):498-505.
    PMID: 22571641 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2011.1109
    Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes are important bacterial pathogens associated with gastroenteritis. The consumption of poultry meat and their products is considered as a major and leading source of human infection. While surveys of chicken meat and products, and its association with foodborne pathogens are widely available, such information on ducks is scarce. This survey examines the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes isolated from ducks. Data obtained from key surveys are summarized. The observed prevalence of these pathogens and their resistance to various antibiotics varies from one study to the other. The mean prevalence (and range means from individual surveys) are duck 53.0% (0.0-83.3%), duck meat and parts 31.6% (12.5-45.8%), and duck rearing and processing environment 94.4% (92.0-96.7%) for Campylobacter spp. For Salmonella spp., the mean prevalence data are duck 19.9% (3.3-56.9%), duck meat and parts 28.4% (4.4-75.6%), duck egg, shell, and content 17.5% (0-4.17%), and duck rearing and processing environment 32.5% (10.5-82.6%). Studies on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of L. monocytogenes in ducks are by far very rare compared to Campylobacter and Salmonella, although ducks have been noted to be a potential source for these foodborne pathogens. From our survey, ducks were more frequently contaminated with Campylobacter than Salmonella. Campylobacter and Salmonella spp. also exhibited varying resistance to multiple antibiotics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/drug therapy; Foodborne Diseases/microbiology; Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control
  10. Fulltext Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria, Salmonella, and Yersinia species isolates in ducks and geese
    Jamali H, Radmehr B, Ismail S
    Poult Sci, 2014 Apr;93(4):1023-30.
    PMID: 24706981 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03699
    The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria, Salmonella, and Yersinia spp. isolated from duck and goose intestinal contents. A total of 471 samples, including 291 duck and 180 goose intestinal contents, were purchased from wet markets between November 2008 and July 2010. Listeria, Salmonella, and Yersinia spp. were isolated from 58 (12.3%), 107 (22.7%), and 80 (17%) of the samples, respectively. It was concluded that Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella Thompson, and Yersinia enterocolitica were the predominant serovars among Listeria, Salmonella, and Yersinia spp., respectively. Moreover, resistance to tetracycline was common in Listeria (48.3%) and Salmonella spp. (63.6%), whereas 51.3% of the Yersinia spp. isolates were resistant to cephalothin. Therefore, continued surveillance of the prevalence of the pathogens and also of emerging antibiotic resistance is needed to render possible the recognition of foods that may represent risks and also ensure the effective treatment of listeriosis, salmonellosis, and yersiniosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/microbiology; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology
  11. Fulltext Prevalence of pathogenic microorganims in ready-to-eat foods prepared at selected ‘high risk' school hostel kitchens and canteens in Pahang
    Jeyaletchumi, P., Ardi, A, Noraliza, M.A., Nurul Aini, I., Maizatul Akmar, H., Suraya, H., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(1):23-28.
    MyJurnal
    Two hundred and sixty four samples of ready -to-eat foods (RTE) were obtained over a period of six months (April to September 2005) from 33 school hostel kitchens and canteens previously implicated in food poisoning outbreaks from 2000 to 2004. Sampling was done by food technologists and assistant environmental health ofhcers from various districts in Pahang while microbiological analysis was carried out at the Mentakab Food Quality Control Laboratory. The objective of the study was to obtain a comprehensive picture on the microbiological status of the foods that may have accounted for food poisoning outbreaks at school hostels and canteens in Pahang. Each food sample was analyzed for Total Plate Count (TPC), Salmonella, Coliform, Escheria coli, Staphylococcus aerus and Bacillus cereus. lt was found that none of the ready-to-eat foods sampled contained Salmonella although hve samples contained Bacillus cereus , four samples contained Staphylococcus aerus. High Coliform Counts were found in 15 food samples while Escheria coli was detected in two samples. Overall, it was found that 10.2 % of the samples had unsatisfactory counts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  12. Fulltext Puffer fish poisoning: a family affair
    Chua HH, Chew LP
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Jun;64(2):181-2.
    PMID: 20058587 MyJurnal
    Tetrodotoxin poisoning has been commonly reported in Japan due to consumption of contaminated fugu (puffer fish). Poisoning is possible when the fish is not cleansed and dressed properly. Puffer fish is considered a delicacy by the Japanese as the fish meat is very tender and tasty. A certified chef trained in ways of preparing this poisonous fish should only be allowed to serve this fish. Despite careful preparation, this fish remains a deadly meal for many as 50 deaths are reported annually1 . An outbreak of 34 cases of tetrodotoxin occurred in Johor in May 2008. Here, we would like to report three cases of tetrodotoxin poisoning in a family who consumed this deadly fish and was admitted to Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru (HSAJB).
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/etiology; Foodborne Diseases/therapy*
  13. Pyrosequencing analysis of microbial community and food-borne bacteria on restaurant cutting boards collected in Seri Kembangan, Malaysia, and their correlation with grades of food premises
    Abdul-Mutalib NA, Amin Nordin S, Osman M, Ishida N, Tashiro K, Sakai K, et al.
    Int J Food Microbiol, 2015 May 4;200:57-65.
    PMID: 25679309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.01.022
    This study adopts the pyrosequencing technique to identify bacteria present on 26 kitchen cutting boards collected from different grades of food premises around Seri Kembangan, a city in Malaysia. Pyrosequencing generated 452,401 of total reads of OTUs with an average of 1.4×10(7) bacterial cells/cm(2). Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroides were identified as the most abundant phyla in the samples. Taxonomic richness was generally high with >1000 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) observed across all samples. The highest appearance frequencies (100%) were OTUs closely related to Enterobacter sp., Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas sp. and Pseudomonas putida. Several OTUs were identified most closely related to known food-borne pathogens, including Bacillus cereus, Cronobacter sakazaki, Cronobacter turisensis, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Hafnia alvei, Kurthia gibsonii, Salmonella bongori, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella tyhpi, Salmonella typhimurium and Yersinia enterocolitica ranging from 0.005% to 0.68% relative abundance. The condition and grade of the food premises on a three point cleanliness scale did not correlate with the bacterial abundance and type. Regardless of the status and grades, all food premises have the same likelihood to introduce food-borne bacteria from cutting boards to their foods and must always prioritize the correct food handling procedure in order to avoid unwanted outbreak of food-borne illnesses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control
  14. Fulltext Quantitative detection and characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 in raw vegetables by MPN-PCR in Malaysia
    Loo, Y. Y., Puspanadan, S., Goh, S. G., Kuan, C. H., Chang, W. S., Lye, Y. L., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(6):3313-3317.
    MyJurnal
    Foodborne diseases are mainly caused by bacterial contamination which can lead to severe diarrhea. This study aimed to detect the presence of Shiga toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157, Escherichia coli non-O157 and virulence gene in raw vegetables. The samples were purchased from wet market and hypermarket in Selangor. The detections were carried out by using the combination methods of Most Probable Number-Polymerase Chain Reaction (MPNPCR). A total of 37(18.5%) samples were found to be contaminated by STEC. Out of these 37 isolates, four (10.8%) of the isolates were E. coli O157 while 33(89.2%) were E. coli nonO157. However, there was no E. coli O157:H7 detected in all the samples. The occurrence of Shiga toxin-Producing E. coli in edible raw vegetables samples suggests the importance of this pathogen in vegetables. Therefore, more studies are required to remove this pathogen from vegetables.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  15. Fulltext Readiness of school teachers to accept notifications about causes and preventive measures on food poisoning
    Marzo RR, Bhattacharya S, Niranjan V, Shagaran K, Mohd Idris MAB, Clement BJ, et al.
    J Educ Health Promot, 2020;9:43.
    PMID: 32318611 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_505_19
    INTRODUCTION: In this era of globalization, urbanization, and rapidly expanding unhygienic food corners across the globe, the incidence of food poisoning is very common nowadays.

    AIM: The aim of our study was to investigate the perceptions and readiness of schoolteachers to accept notifications on food poisoning as a part of education to the students.

    METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with the help of a validated questionnaire for data collection. Our research involved schoolteachers from both primary and secondary schools in Muar. The questionnaire was pretested among the eligible trainee teachers and yielded an internal consistency reliability coefficient (c = Cronbach's alpha) of 0.082. This study was conducted from October 29, 2017, to December 14, 2018, in Muar. Our sample size was 259. Ethical consent was obtained from the Institution Ethical Committee.

    RESULTS: A total of 259 schoolteachers from both primary and secondary schools in Muar were included in this study. In our study, 81.1% of the teachers responded that they can easily educate their students about food poisoning. Most of them (93.1%) were ready to receive notifications on food poisoning in any mode, and about 72% of the teachers preferred WhatsApp as their mode of receiving notification. The least (1.2%) preferred mode of notification was LINE (a social app). Teachers' willingness to disseminate the information regarding food poisoning was also higher (98.5%).

    CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that majority of the schoolteachers had a good perception and were ready to receive the notifications on food poisoning through WhatsApp as a part of education to the students.

    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  16. Red tide and outbreak of paralytic shellfish poisoning in Sabah
    Roy RN
    Med J Malaysia, 1977 Mar;31(3):247-51.
    PMID: 904522
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology
  17. Fulltext Review article : detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods
    Jeyaletchumi, P, Tunung, R., Margaret, S.P, Son, R, Farinazleen, M.G., Cheah, Y.K
    International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(1):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    Listeria monocytogenes is a gram positive, facultative intracellular pathogen with the capacity to cause
    food poisoning outbreaks as well as severe illness in vulnerable human population groups. It can cause a rare but serious disease called listeriosis with high fatality rates (20–30%) compared with other foodborne microbial pathogens. Although Listeria monocytogenes is infective to all human population groups, it is more likely to cause severe problems among pregnant women, immunocompromised individuals, the elderly and neonates. There are a variety of phenotyphic and genotyphic methods for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Recent technological advances have increased the ability of scientists to detect Listeria monocytogenes. The purpose of this review is to discuss molecular characteristics of the Listeria monocytogenes pathogen, standard detection methods of this pathogen in foods based on culture methods, confirmation of species and subtyping based on phenotypic and genotyphic methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases
  18. Fulltext Review of the trends and causes of food borne outbreaks in Malaysia from 1988 to 1997
    Meftahuddin T
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):70-9.
    PMID: 14569721 MyJurnal
    This paper examines the trend and possible contributing factors for the occurrence of the food borne diseases outbreaks in Malaysia. These diseases mainly are cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A, dysentery and food poisoning. The outbreaks still occur sporadically in certain high risk areas throughout the country. The incidence rate of all the other three major food borne diseases steadily declined from the year 1988 to 1997 except for food poisoning and cholera. Statistic of food poisoning from the year 1996 to 1997 showed that 66.5% of the outbreak occurred in schools whereas only 0.4% originated from the contaminated food sold at various public food outlets. The school age group is always more affected than the general population. Amongst the contributing factors identified are related to unhygienic food handling practices followed by inadequate safe water supply and poor environmental sanitation. A multisectoral approach between Ministry of Health and other government agencies or private agents needs to be undertaken in the management of the food borne diseases in order to curb the incidences of food borne diseases in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/etiology; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology*
  19. Salmon poisoning disease in two Malayan sun bears
    Gai JJ, Marks SL
    J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 2008 Feb 15;232(4):586-8.
    PMID: 18279100 DOI: 10.2460/javma.232.4.586
    2 captive sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) were evaluated because of acute onset of vomiting, mucoid diarrhea, lethargy, and anorexia 1 week after eating live trout from a northern California reservoir.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/diagnosis; Foodborne Diseases/drug therapy; Foodborne Diseases/veterinary*
  20. Fulltext Screening method for detection of immediate amino acid decarboxylases--producing bacteria implicated in food poisoning
    Hussain H, Mohd Fuat AR, Vimala B, Ghazali HM
    Trop Biomed, 2011 Aug;28(2):351-61.
    PMID: 22041756
    Assessment of amino acid decarboxylase activity can be conducted using tubed broth or plated agar. In this study, the test was carried out in microtitre plates containing lysine, ornithine, arginine, tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine or histidine as biogenic amine precursors. Møller decarboxylase base broth (MDB) with or without 1% of a known amino acid were added to wells of a 96 well-microtitre plate. The wells were inoculated with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter anitratus or Staphylococcus aureus to the final concentration of 6.0 x 10(7) cfu/ml and incubated at 35ºC. The absorbance of the culture broth was read at 570 nm at 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 hour. Comparison of means of A'(570) between 0 hour and a specified incubation time was determined statistically. Positive decarboxylase activities were detected in the media inoculated with E. coli and K. pneumoniae in less than 6 hours. The current method is suitable for immediate producers of amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. It costs less as it uses less amino acid and it has the potential to be used for screening aliquots of food materials for amino acid decarboxylase activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foodborne Diseases/microbiology
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