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Labisia pumila extract down-regulates hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 expression and corticosterone levels in ovariectomized rats

Fazliana M, Gu HF, Östenson CG, Yusoff MM, Wan Nazaimoon WM

J Nat Med, 2012 Apr;66(2):257-64.
PMID: 21833773 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0575-1

We evaluated the effects of a standardized Labisia pumila var. alata (LPva) extract on body weight change, hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) expressions and corticosterone (CORT) level in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The decoction of LPva has been used for generations among Malay women in Malaysia to maintain a healthy reproductive system.Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley OVX rats were treated orally with LPva extract (10, 20 or 50 mg/kg/day) or estrogen replacement (ERT) for 30 days. Sham operated rats were used as controls. Compared to untreated OVX rats, LPva-treated rats showed less weight gain and had significantly down-regulated HSD11B1 mRNA in liver tissues. HSD11B1 mRNA in adipose tissues increased by 55% (p < 0.05) in OVX rats but normalized in rats treated with LPva. Similarly, there was significant down-regulation (p < 0.05) of protein levels of HSD11B1 in both liver and adipose tissue of LPva and ERT groups, and CORT levels were significantly reduced in both groups of rats. This is the first study ever conducted to evaluate the beneficial effects of LPva in relation to weight gain caused by estrogen insufficiency. Results implied that the bioactive components in LPva extract affect not only HSD11B1 expressions in both adipose and liver tissues but also decrease circulating CORT. The extract should be explored for its potential use as a natural remedy for weight management.
Fulltext Effect of phenotypic switching on the biological properties and susceptibility to chlorhexidine in Candida krusei ATCC 14243

Arzmi MH, Abdul Razak F, Yusoff Musa M, Wan Harun WH

FEMS Yeast Res., 2012 May;12(3):351-8.
PMID: 22225549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2011.00786.x

Phenotypic switching is characterized as a virulence factor of Candida spp. This study was carried out to evaluate the phenotypic switching ability of C. krusei ATCC 14243 and to determine its effect on the biological properties, adherence capacity and susceptibility towards chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). To induce switched generations C. krusei was cultured under nitrogen-depleted growth conditions by adding phloxine B. These phenotypically switched colonies were designated as the 1st generation. Subsequent sub-culturing was performed to produce the 2nd, 3rd and 4th switched generations. The recovery of the 3rd generation was the highest at 85.7% while that of the 4th generation was lower at 70.8%, and the recovery of the 1st and 2nd generations gradually reduced to 46.6% and 36.4%, respectively. All generations of C. krusei were susceptible towards CHX. The unswitched C. krusei was the most susceptible but the least adherent to coated hard surfaces. The 2nd generation was the least susceptible, but with the highest adherent ability. The minimum inhibition concentration and minimal fungicidal concentration of C. krusei of all generations were determined at 0.4 mg mL(-1) . These observations suggest that the switching activity of C. krusei induces changes to its biological properties and susceptibility towards CHX.
Leachate characterization in semi-aerobic and anaerobic sanitary landfills: a comparative study

Aziz SQ, Aziz HA, Yusoff MS, Bashir MJ, Umar M

J Environ Manage, 2010 Dec;91(12):2608-14.
PMID: 20739117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.042

This study analyzes and compares the results of leachate composition at the semi-aerobic Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS) (unaerated pond and intermittently aerated pond) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill in the northern region of Malaysia. The raw samples were collected and analyzed for twenty parameters. The average values of the parameters such as phenols (1.2, 6.7, and 2.6 mg/L), total nitrogen (448, 1200, and 300 mg/L N-TN), ammonia-N (542, 1568, and 538 mg/L NH(3)-N), nitrite (91, 49, and 52 mg/L NO(2)(-)-N), total phosphorus (21, 17, and 19 mg/L), BOD(5) (83, 243, and 326 mg/L), COD (935, 2345, and 1892 mg/L), BOD(5)/COD (0.096,0.1124,0.205%), pH (8.20, 8.28, and 7.76), turbidity (1546, 180, and 1936 Formazin attenuation units (FAU)), and color (3334, 3347, and 4041 Pt Co) for leachate at the semi-aerobic PBLS (unaerated and intermittently aerated) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill were recorded, respectively. The obtained results were compared with previously published data and data from the Malaysia Environmental Quality Act 1974. The results indicated that Pulau Burung leachate was more stabilized compared with Kulim leachate. Furthermore, the aeration process in PBLS has a considerable effect on reducing the concentration of several pollutants. The studied leachate requires treatment to minimize the pollutants to an acceptable level prior to discharge into water courses.
Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of palm diacylglycerol bakery shortening during storage

Cheong LZ, Tan CP, Long K, Affandi Yusoff MS, Lai OM

J Sci Food Agric, 2010 Oct;90(13):2310-7.
PMID: 20661900 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4088

Diacylglycerol (DAG), which has health-enhancing properties, is sometimes added to bakery shortening to produce baked products with enhanced physical functionality. Nevertheless, the quantity present is often too little to exert any positive healthful effects. This research aimed to produce bakery shortenings containing significant amounts of palm diacyglycerol (PDG). Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of the PDG bakery shortenings during 3 months storage were evaluated and compared with those of commercial bakery shortening (CS).
De novo ring chromosome 6 in a child with multiple congenital anomalies

Ahzad HA, Ramli SF, Loong TM, Salahshourifar I, Zilfalil BA, Yusoff NM

Kobe J Med Sci, 2010;56(2):E79-84.
PMID: 21063149

Ring chromosome 6, especially if it is de novo, is a rare occurrence. The phenotype of patients with ring chromosome 6 can be highly variable ranging from almost normal to severe malformations and mental retardation. The size and structure of the ring chromosome as well as the level of mosaicism are important factors in determining the clinical phenotype. Here we report an eight month-old child, a product of a non consanguineous marriage, who presented with developmental retardation, hypertelorism, microcephaly, flat occiput, broad nasal bridge, large ears, micrognathia, wide spaced nipples, protruding umbilicus, short stubby fingers, clinodactyly, single palmar crease, short neck with no obvious webbing, and congenital heart defect. Conventional karyotyping and Whole Chromosome Paint of the peripheral leukocytes showed 46,XY,r(6)(p25q27) karyotype with plausible breakpoints at p25 and q27 end. Conventional karyotyping of both parents showed normal karyotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a Malay individual with ring chromosome 6, and this report adds to the collective knowledge of this rare chromosome abnormality.
Relationship between textural properties and sensory qualities of cookies made from medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol-enriched margarines

Arifin N, Peng KS, Long K, Ping TC, Affandi Yusoff MS, Nor Aini I, et al.

J Sci Food Agric, 2010 Apr 30;90(6):943-8.
PMID: 20355133 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3886

This study aims to investigate the textural properties and sensory qualities of cookies made from medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT)-enriched margarines. Margarine with formulations of MLCT:palm olein:palm stearin, 60:30:10 and 70:20:10, were selected to produce cookies. The textural properties of cookies were determined using a texture analyser. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and acceptance test were carried out to describe the attributes and to evaluate the degree of liking of cookies, respectively.
Efficacy of an inactivated recombinant vaccine encoding a fimbrial protein of Pasteurella multocida B:2 against hemorrhagic septicemia in goats

Mohd Yasin IS, Mohd Yusoff S, Mohd ZS, Abd Wahid Mohd E

Trop Anim Health Prod, 2011 Jan;43(1):179-87.
PMID: 20697957 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-010-9672-5

This study was carried out to determine the antibody responses and protective capacity of an inactivated recombinant vaccine expressing the fimbrial protein of Pasteurella multocida B:2 following intranasal vaccination against hemorrhagic septicemia in goats. Goats were vaccinated intranasal with 10(6) CFU/mL of the recombinant vaccine (vaccinated group) and 10(6) CFU/mL of pET32/LIC vector without fimbrial protein (control group). All three groups were kept separated before all goats in the three groups were challenged with 10(9) CFU/mL of live pathogenic P. multocida B:2. During the course of study, both serum and lung lavage fluid were collected to evaluate the antibody levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was found that goats immunized with the inactivated recombinant vaccine developed a strong and significantly (p
Mediterranean glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD(C563T)) mutation among Jordanian females with acute hemolytic crisis

Al-Alimi AA, Kanakiri N, Kamil M, Al-Rimawi HS, Zaki AH, Yusoff NM

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2010 Dec;20(12):794-7.
PMID: 21205543 DOI: 12.2010/JCPSP.794797

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the G6PD(C563T) Mediterranean mutation among Jordanian females who were admitted to Princess Rahma Teaching Hospital (PRTH) with/or previous history of favism.
STUDY DESIGN:
A descriptive study.
PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY:
Jordanian University of Science and Technology and PRTH, from October 2003 to October 2004.
METHODOLOGY:
After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of Jordanian University of Science and Technology, a total of 32 females were included in this study. Samples from 15 healthy individual females were used as a negative control. Blood samples from these patients were collected and analyzed by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) to determine the G6PD(C563T) mutation.
RESULTS:
Twenty one out of 32 patients were found to be G6PD(C563T) Mediterranean mutation (65.6%) positive. Three out of 21 patients were homozygous and remaining 18 were heterozygous for G6PD(C563T) Mediterranean mutation. Eleven (34.4%) out of 32 patients were found to be negative for G6PD(C563T) mutation indicating the presence of other G6PD mutations in the study sample.
CONCLUSION:
G6PD(C563T) Mediterranean mutation accounted for 65.6% of the study sample with favism in the North of Jordan. There is likely to be another G6PD deficiency variant implicated in acute hemolytic crisis (favism).
Discovering potential, transforming life

Van Rostenberghe H, Yusoff MS, Jie TY, Shamsuddin S, Ibrahim WP

Med Educ, 2010 May;44(5):504-5.
PMID: 20518994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03647.x
Stabilized sanitary landfill leachate treatment using anionic resin: treatment optimization by response surface methodology

Bashir MJ, Aziz HA, Yusoff MS, Aziz SQ, Mohajeri S

J Hazard Mater, 2010 Oct 15;182(1-3):115-22.
PMID: 20580491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.005

The treatability of stabilized sanitary landfill leachate via synthetic anion exchange resin (INDION FFIP MB) was investigated. An ideal experimental design was conducted based on central composite design using a response surface methodology to assess individual and interactive effects of critical operational variables (i.e., anionic dosage; contact time; shaking speed) and pH on treatment performance in terms of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solid (SS), and turbidity removal efficiencies. Optimum operational conditions were established as 30.9 cm(3) anionic dosage, 90 min contact time, 150 rpm shaking speed, and pH 3.1. Under these conditions, the color, COD, SS, and turbidity removal efficiencies of 91.5, 70.3, 93.1, and 92.4% were experimentally attained and were found to fit well with the prediction model. According to these results, stabilized leachate treatment using INDION FFIP MB could be an effective alternative in the administration of color, COD, SS, and turbidity problems of landfill leachates.
Treatment patterns and outcomes in management of solid cancer patients suffering from thrombocytopenia in Penang hospital

Hassan BA, Yusoff ZB, Hassali MA, Bin Othman S

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(11):2841-5.
PMID: 22393951

INTRODUCTION: Thrombocytopenia denotes abnormal decreases in platelet numbers and is a major detrimental side effect of the chemotherapy or cancer disease itself which cal lead to hemorrhage from vital organ. This is particularly a problem for the brain specifically within solid cancer patients and has a great negative effect on cancer patients quality of life (QOL). It ranges from mild bleeding from small blood vessels to severe bleeding from large blood vessels. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment guidelines for thrombocytopenia among solid cancer patients in Penang hospital and to find associations between these treatments and thrombocytopenia onset and severity and to suggest changes in the guidelines.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study, conducted in a government hospital on Penang island included 341 cancer patients with thrombocytopenia who were admitted in the period between 2003 to 2009. The main statistical tests used were Chi-square test and Logistic regression test. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS: Of the total of 341, 21 (6.2%) showed thrombocytopenia before receiving chemotherapy and the remaining 320 (93.8%) after chemotherapy. The majority suffered from moderate thrombocytopenia (n=172; 53.8%), followed by mild a (n=97; 30.3%) and finally severe (n=51; 15.9%). For treatment, chemotherapy was delayed/ reduced (n=223; 65.4%) or platelets were transfused (n=51; 34.6%). However, thrombocytopenia problems were only temporarily solved.
CONCLUSION: Effectiveness of thrombocytopenia treatment guidelines was found to be insufficient. It is advisable that thrombopoietin be used as a cornerstone even for patients who suffer from moderate thrombocytopenia and platelets transfusion should be used just for emergency cases when thrombocytopenia leads to a critical situation.
Analysis of factors associated with seatbelt wearing among rear passengers in Malaysia

Mohamed N, Mohd Yusoff MF, Isah N, Othman I, Syed Rahim SA, Paiman N

Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot, 2011 Mar;18(1):3-10.
PMID: 20496187 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2010.487153

A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 793 rear passengers in Malaysia. Logistic regression was performed to analyse the association of rear seatbelt wearing with 12 independent variables. Seven factors were significantly associated with rear seatbelt wearing. Experience of being stopped by an enforcement officer for not wearing rear seatbelt yielded the highest odds ratio 2.3 (p = 0.002) followed by self-consciousness (odds ratio 1.7; p = 0.004), attitude (odds ratio 1.5, p = 0.001), and knowledge (odds ratio 1.4, p = 0.004). Age of participants and their perception of being caught by an enforcement officer were also significantly associated with rear seatbelt wearing, odds ratios were 1.03 (p = 0.004) and 1.1 (p = 0.004), respectively. In contrast, level of education was negatively associated with rear seatbelt wearing (odds ratio 0.59, p = 0.003). It was concluded that enforcement activities, knowledge and attitude on seatbelt wearing play a very important role in improving the rate of rear seatbelt wearing. Thus, efforts to increase these factors should be the special focus in designing education and social marketing activities to advocate rear seatbelt wearing.
Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

Juahir H, Zain SM, Yusoff MK, Hanidza TI, Armi AS, Toriman ME, et al.

Environ Monit Assess, 2011 Feb;173(1-4):625-41.
PMID: 20339961 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1411-x

This study investigates the spatial water quality pattern of seven stations located along the main Langat River. Environmetric methods, namely, the hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), the discriminant analysis (DA), the principal component analysis (PCA), and the factor analysis (FA), were used to study the spatial variations of the most significant water quality variables and to determine the origin of pollution sources. Twenty-three water quality parameters were initially selected and analyzed. Three spatial clusters were formed based on HACA. These clusters are designated as downstream of Langat river, middle stream of Langat river, and upstream of Langat River regions. Forward and backward stepwise DA managed to discriminate six and seven water quality variables, respectively, from the original 23 variables. PCA and FA (varimax functionality) were used to investigate the origin of each water quality variable due to land use activities based on the three clustered regions. Seven principal components (PCs) were obtained with 81% total variation for the high-pollution source (HPS) region, while six PCs with 71% and 79% total variances were obtained for the moderate-pollution source (MPS) and low-pollution source (LPS) regions, respectively. The pollution sources for the HPS and MPS are of anthropogenic sources (industrial, municipal waste, and agricultural runoff). For the LPS region, the domestic and agricultural runoffs are the main sources of pollution. From this study, we can conclude that the application of environmetric methods can reveal meaningful information on the spatial variability of a large and complex river water quality data.
Effects of ion exchange resins in different mobile ion forms on semi-aerobic landfill leachate treatment

Bashir MJ, Aziz HA, Yusoff MS, Huqe AA, Mohajeri S

Water Sci Technol, 2010;61(3):641-9.
PMID: 20150700 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.867

Landfill leachate is one of the major contamination sources. In this study, the ability of synthetic ion exchange resins which carry different mobile ion for removing color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH(3)-N) from stabilized leachate was investigated. The synthetic resin INDION 225 Na as a cationic exchanger and INDION FFIP MB as an anionic exchanger were used in this study. INDION 225 Na was used in hydrogen form (H(+)) and in sodium form (Na(+)), while INDION FFIP MB resin was used in hydroxide form (OH(-)) and in calcium form (Cl(-)) form. The results indicated better removal of color, COD and NH(3)-N by using INDION 225 Na in H(+) as compared with Na(+) form, while no performance differences were observed by using INDION FFIP MB in OH(-) or Cl(-) form. Applying cationic resin followed by anionic resin achieved 97, 88 and 94, percent removal of color, COD and NH(3)-N. The residual amounts were 160 Pt-Co, 290 mg/L and 110 mg/L of color, COD and NH(3)-N respectively.
The BigSib students' peer group mentoring programme

Yusoff MS, Rahim AF, Noor AR, Yaacob NA, Hussin ZA

Med Educ, 2009 Nov;43(11):1106.
PMID: 19874517 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03459.x
Fulltext Identification and characterisation of a novel anti-viral peptide against avian influenza virus H9N2

Rajik M, Jahanshiri F, Omar AR, Ideris A, Hassan SS, Yusoff K

Virol J, 2009;6:74.
PMID: 19497129 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-6-74

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) cause high morbidity and mortality among the poultry worldwide. Their highly mutative nature often results in the emergence of drug resistant strains, which have the potential of causing a pandemic. The virus has two immunologically important glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and one ion channel protein M2 which are the most important targets for drug discovery, on its surface. In order to identify a peptide-based virus inhibitor against any of these surface proteins, a disulfide constrained heptapeptide phage display library was biopanned against purified AIV sub-type H9N2 virus particles.
Prevalence and impact of physical disability on Malaysian school-aged children: a population-based survey

Khoo TB, Kassim AB, Omar MA, Hasnan N, Amin RM, Omar Z, et al.

Disabil Rehabil, 2009;31(21):1753-61.
PMID: 19479558 DOI: 10.1080/09638280902751964

To determine the magnitude and impact of physical disability on Malaysian school-aged children between 7 and less than 18 years old.
Spatial assessment of Langat River water quality using chemometrics

Juahir H, Zain SM, Aris AZ, Yusoff MK, Mokhtar MB

J Environ Monit, 2010 Jan;12(1):287-95.
PMID: 20082024 DOI: 10.1039/b907306j

The present study deals with the assessment of Langat River water quality with some chemometrics approaches such as cluster and discriminant analysis coupled with an artificial neural network (ANN). The data used in this study were collected from seven monitoring stations under the river water quality monitoring program by the Department of Environment (DOE) from 1995 to 2002. Twenty three physico-chemical parameters were involved in this analysis. Cluster analysis successfully clustered the Langat River into three major clusters, namely high, moderate and less pollution regions. Discriminant analysis identified seven of the most significant parameters which contribute to the high variation of Langat River water quality, namely dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, pH, ammoniacal nitrogen, chlorine, E. coli, and coliform. Discriminant analysis also plays an important role as an input selection parameter for an ANN of spatial prediction (pollution regions). The ANN showed better prediction performance in discriminating the regional area with an excellent percentage of correct classification compared to discriminant analysis. Multivariate analysis, coupled with ANN, is proposed, which could help in decision making and problem solving in the local environment.
Widely tunable multi-wavelength Brillouinerbium fiber laser utilizing low SBS threshold photonic crystal fiber

Mohd Nasir MN, Yusoff Z, Al-Mansoori MH, Abdul Rashid HA, Choudhury PK

Opt Express, 2009 Jul 20;17(15):12829-34.
PMID: 19654689

A widely tunable low stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser is presented. The fiber laser structure utilizes a pre-amplified Brillouin pump (BP) technique with 100 m of PCF and a tunable band-pass filter within a Fabry-Perot cavity. A total of 14 Brillouin Stokes lines can be tuned over 29 nm from 1540 nm to 1569 nm. The wide tunability was only limited by the bandwidth of the tunable band-pass filter. A constant channel spacing of 0.079 nm and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of more than 20 dB for each Brillouin Stokes lines were also observed.
Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease virus genotypes isolated in Malaysia between 2004 and 2005

Tan SW, Ideris A, Omar AR, Yusoff K, Hair-Bejo M

Arch Virol, 2010;155(1):63-70.
PMID: 19898736 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-009-0540-4

Sequence analysis of the fusion (F) gene of eight Malaysian NDV isolates showed that all the isolates were categorized as velogenic viruses, with the F cleavage site motif (112)R-R-Q-K-R(116) or (112)R-R-R-K-R(116) at the C-terminus of the F(2) protein and phenylalanine (F) at residue 117 at the N-terminus of the F(1) protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the isolates were grouped in two distinct clusters under sub-genotype VIId. The isolates were about 4.8-11.7% genetically distant from sub-genotypes VIIa, VIIb, VIIc and VIIe. When the nucleotide sequences of the eight Malaysian isolates were compared phylogenetically to those of the old published local isolates, it was found that genotype VIII, VII, II and I viruses exist in Malaysia and caused sporadic infections. It is suggested that genotype VII viruses were responsible for most of the outbreaks in recent years.

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