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Displaying publications 81 - 88 of 88 in total

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Recent advances and prospects in gemcitabine drug delivery systems

Paroha S, Verma J, Dubey RD, Dewangan RP, Molugulu N, Bapat RA, et al.

Int J Pharm, 2021 Jan 05;592:120043.
PMID: 33152476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120043

Cancer is a community health hazard which progress at a fatal rate in various countries across the globe. An agent used for chemotherapy should exhibit ideal properties to be an effective anticancer medicine. The chemotherapeutic medicines used for treatment of various cancers are, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, etoposide, methotrexate, cisplatin, doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil. However, many of these agents present nonspecific systemic toxicity that prevents their treatment efficiency. Of all, gemcitabine has shown to be an active agent against colon, pancreatic, colon, ovarian, breast, head and neck and lung cancers in amalgamation with various anticancer agents. Gemcitabine is considered a gold-standard and the first FDA approved agent used as a monotherapy in management of advanced pancreatic cancers. However due to its poor pharmacokinetics, there is need of newer drug delivery system for efficient action. Nanotechnology has shown to be an emerging trend in field of medicine in providing novel modalities for cancer treatment. Various nanocarriers have the potential to deliver the drug at the desired site to obtain information about diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This review highlights on various nanocarriers like polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles and combination approaches for delivery of gemcitabine for cancer therapy. The co-encapsulation and concurrent delivery of Gem with other anticancer agents can enhance drug action at the cancer site with reduced side effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Fulltext Surface Modification of SPIONs in PHBV Microspheres for Biomedical Applications

Idris MI, Zaloga J, Detsch R, Roether JA, Unterweger H, Alexiou C, et al.

Sci Rep, 2018 May 08;8(1):7286.
PMID: 29739955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25243-9

Surface modification of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) has been introduced with lauric acid and oleic acid via co-precipitation and thermal decomposition methods, respectively. This modification is required to increase the stability of SPIONs when incorporated in hydrophobic, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). In this work, the solid-in-oil-in-water (S/O/W) emulsion-solvent extraction/evaporation method was utilized to fabricate magnetic polymer microspheres incorporating SPIONs in PHBV. The prepared magnetic PHBV microspheres exhibited particle sizes <1 µm. The presence of functional groups of lauric acid, oleic acid and iron oxide in the PHBV microspheres was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to further confirm the success of the combination of modified SPIONs and PHBV. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that PHBV microspheres were incorporated with SPIONsLauric as compared with SPIONsOleic. This was also proven via magnetic susceptibility measurement as a higher value of this magnetic property was detected for PHBV/SPIONsLauric microspheres. It was revealed that the magnetic PHBV microspheres were non-toxic when assessed with mouse embryotic fibroblast cells (MEF) at different concentrations of microspheres. These results confirmed that the fabricated magnetic PHBV microspheres are potential candidates for use in biomedical applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Fulltext Utilization of Neem Leaf Extract on Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Zambri NDS, Taib NI, Abdul Latif F, Mohamed Z

Molecules, 2019 Oct 22;24(20).
PMID: 31652583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203803

The present work reports the successful synthesis of biosynthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) with the use of non-toxic leaf extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The successful synthesis was confirmed by infrared spectra analysis with strong peak observed between 400-600 cm-1 that corresponds to magnetite nanoparticles characteristics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles were of high purity with crystalline cubic structure phases in nature. Besides, the average size of magnetite nanoparticles was observed to be 9-12 nm with mostly irregular shapes using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and was supported by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Energy dispersive X-ray analysis shown that the elements iron (Fe) and oxygen (O) were present with atomic percentages of 33.29% and 66.71%, respectively. From the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis it was proven that the nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic properties with a magnetization value of 73 emu/g and the results showed superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature, suggesting potential applications for a magnetic targeting drug delivery system.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Fulltext Isoniazid Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles Loaded with Amphotericin B as a Potent Antiamoebic Agent against Acanthamoeba castellanii

Iqbal K, Abdalla SAO, Anwar A, Iqbal KM, Shah MR, Anwar A, et al.

Antibiotics (Basel), 2020 May 25;9(5).
PMID: 32466210 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050276

The pathogenic free-living amoeba, Acanthamoeba castellanii, is responsible for a rare but deadly central nervous system infection, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and a blinding eye disease called Acanthamoeba keratitis. Currently, a combination of biguanides, amidine, azoles and antibiotics are used to manage these infections; however, the host cell cytotoxicity of these drugs remains a challenge. Furthermore, Acanthamoeba species are capable of transforming to the cyst form to resist chemotherapy. Herein, we have developed a nano drug delivery system based on iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with isoniazid, which were further loaded with amphotericin B (ISO-NPs-AMP) to cause potent antiamoebic effects against Acanthamoeba castellanii. The IC50 of isoniazid conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles and loaded with amphotericin B was found to be 45 μg/mL against Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and 50 μg/mL against cysts. The results obtained in this study have promising implications in drug discovery as these nanomaterials exhibited high trophicidal and cysticidal effects, as well as limited cytotoxicity against rat and human cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Magnetic micro-solid-phase extraction based on magnetite-MCM-41 with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of antidepressant drugs in biological fluids

Kamaruzaman S, Sanagi MM, Yahaya N, Wan Ibrahim WA, Endud S, Wan Ibrahim WN

J Sep Sci, 2017 Nov;40(21):4222-4233.
PMID: 28837263 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700549

A new facile magnetic micro-solid-phase extraction coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry detection was developed for the extraction and determination of selected antidepressant drugs in biological fluids using magnetite-MCM-41 as adsorbent. The synthesized sorbent was characterized by several spectroscopic techniques. The maximum extraction efficiency for extraction of 500 μg/L antidepressant drugs from aqueous solution was obtained with 15 mg of magnetite-MCM-41 at pH 12. The analyte was desorbed using 100 μL of acetonitrile prior to gas chromatography determination. This method was rapid in which the adsorption procedure was completed in 60 s. Under the optimized conditions using 15 mL of antidepressant drugs sample, the calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 0.05-500 μg/L (r2 = 0.996-0.999). Good limits of detection (0.008-0.010 μg/L) were obtained for the analytes with good relative standard deviations of <8.0% (n = 5) for the determination of 0.1, 5.0, and 500.0 μg/L of antidepressant drugs. This method was successfully applied to the determination of amitriptyline and chlorpromazine in plasma and urine samples. The recoveries of spiked plasma and urine samples were in the range of 86.1-115.4%. Results indicate that magnetite micro-solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry is a convenient, fast, and economical method for the extraction and determination of amitriptyline and chlorpromazine in biological samples.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
In vitro Study of SPIONs-C595 as Molecular Imaging Probe for Specific Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells Detection

Moradi Khaniabadi P, Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Malik Shah Abdul Majid A, Suhaimi Jaafar M, Moradi Khaniabadi B, Shahbazi-Gahrouei S

Iran Biomed J, 2017 11;21(6):360-8.
PMID: 28601058

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an essential role in molecular imaging by delivering the contrast agent into targeted cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the C595 monoclonal antibody-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs-C595) for the detection of breast cancer cell (MCF-7).
Methods: The conjugation of monoclonal antibody and nanoparticles was confirmed using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and photon correlation spectroscopy. The selectivity of the nanoprobe for breast cancer cells (MCF-7) was obtained by Prussian blue, atomic emission spectroscopy, and
MRI relaxometry.
Results: The in vitro MRI showed that T2 relaxation time will be reduced 76% when using T2-weighed magnetic resonance images compared to the control group (untreated cells) at the dose of 200 μg
Fe/ml, as the optimum dose. In addition, the results showed the high uptake of nanoprobe into MCF-7
cancer cells.
Conclusion: The SPIONs-C595 nanoprobe has potential for the detection of specific breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Cyanobacterial aldehyde deformylating oxygenase: Structure, function, and potential in biofuels production

Basri RS, Rahman RNZRA, Kamarudin NHA, Ali MSM

Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Dec 01;164:3155-3162.
PMID: 32841666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.162

The conversion of aldehydes to valuable alkanes via cyanobacterial aldehyde deformylating oxygenase is of great interest. The availability of fossil reserves that keep on decreasing due to human exploitation is worrying, and even more troubling is the combustion emission from the fuel, which contributes to the environmental crisis and health issues. Hence, it is crucial to use a renewable and eco-friendly alternative that yields compound with the closest features as conventional petroleum-based fuel, and that can be used in biofuels production. Cyanobacterial aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO) is a metal-dependent enzyme with an α-helical structure that contains di‑iron at the active site. The substrate enters the active site of every ADO through a hydrophobic channel. This enzyme exhibits catalytic activity toward converting Cn aldehyde to Cn-1 alkane and formate as a co-product. These cyanobacterial enzymes are small and easy to manipulate. Currently, ADOs are broadly studied and engineered for improving their enzymatic activity and substrate specificity for better alkane production. This review provides a summary of recent progress in the study of the structure and function of ADO, structural-based engineering of the enzyme, and highlight its potential in producing biofuels.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles
Papain grafted into the silica coated iron-based magnetic nanoparticles 'IONPs@SiO2-PPN' as a new delivery vehicle to the HeLa cells

Nasiri R, Dabagh S, Meamar R, Idris A, Muhammad I, Irfan M, et al.

Nanotechnology, 2020 May 08;31(19):195603.
PMID: 31978907 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6fd4

The present study aims at engineering, fabrication, characterization, and qualifications of papain (PPN) conjugated SiO2-coated iron oxide nanoparticles 'IONPs@SiO2-PPN'. Initially fabricated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were coated with silica (SiO2) using sol-gel method to hinder the aggregation and to enhance biocompatibility. Next, PPN was loaded as an anticancer agent into the silica coated IONPs (IONPs@SiO2) for the delivery of papain to the HeLa cancer cells. This fabricated silica-coated based magnetic nanoparticle is introduced as a new physiologically-compatible and stable drug delivery vehicle for delivering of PPN to the HeLa cancer cell line. The IONPs@SiO2-PPN were characterized using FT-IR, AAS, FESEM, XRD, DLS, and VSM equipment. Silica was amended on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs, γ-Fe2O3) to modify its biocompatibility and stability. The solvent evaporation method was used to activate PPN vectorization. The following tests were performed to highlight the compatibility of our proposed delivery vehicle: in vitro toxicity assay, in vivo acute systemic toxicity test, and the histology examination. The results demonstrated that IONPs@SiO2-PPN successfully reduced the IC50 values compared with the native PPN. Also, the structural alternations of HeLa cells exposed to IONPs@SiO2-PPN exhibited higher typical hallmarks of apoptosis compared to the cells treated with the native PPN. The in vivo acute toxicity test indicated no clinical signs of distress/discomfort or weight loss in Balb/C mice a week after the intravenous injection of IONPs@SiO2 (10 mg kg-1). Besides, the tissues architectures were not affected and the pathological inflammatory alternations detection failed. In conclusion, IONPs@SiO2-PPN can be chosen as a potent candidate for further medical applications in the future, for instance as a drug delivery vehicle or hyperthermia agent.

Matched MeSH terms: Magnetite Nanoparticles