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Breast cancer prevention information seeking behavior and interest on cell phone and text use: a cross-sectional study in Malaysia

Akhtari-Zavare M, Ghanbari-Baghestan A, Latiff LA, Khaniki H

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2015;16(4):1337-41.
PMID: 25743795

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second principal cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide, including Malaysia. This study focused on media choice and attempted to determine the communication channels mostly used and preferred by women in seeking information and knowledge about breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out to examine the breast cancer prevention information seeking behavior among 450 students at one private university in Malaysia.
RESULTS: The mean age of respondents was 25±4.3 years. Common interpersonal information sources were doctors, friends, and nurses and common channel information sources were television, brochure, and internet. Overall, 89.9% used cell phones, 46.1% had an interest in receiving cell phone breast cancer prevention messages, 73.9% used text messaging, and 36.7% had an interest in receiving text breast cancer prevention messages. Bivariate analysis revealed significant differences among age, eduation, nationality and use of cell phones.
CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of health information seeking behavior is important for community health educators to target populations for program development.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Fulltext Informational needs of breast cancer patients on chemotherapy: differences between patients' and nurses' perceptions

Lei CP, Har YC, Abdullah KL

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(3):797-802.
PMID: 21627386

BACKGROUND: Cancer and chemotherapy are sources of anxiety and worry for cancer patients. Information provision is therefore very important to empower them to overcome and adjust to the stressful experience. Thus, nurses should be aware of the informational needs of the patients throughout the course of their care.
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the important information required by breast cancer patients during the first and fourth cycles of chemotherapy from both the patients' and nurses' perceptions.
METHODOLOGY: This is a longitudinal study used a questionnaire adapted from the Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaires-Breast Cancer (TINQ-BC). Some modifications were made to meet the specific objectives of the study. The study was conducted in the Chemotherapy Day Care at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Malaysia. A total of 169 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria, and 39 nurses who were involved in their care were recruited into the study.
RESULTS: The overall mean scores at first and fourth cycle of chemotherapy were 3.91 and 3.85 respectively: i.e., between 3 (or important) and 4 (or very important), which indicated a high level of informational needs. There was no significant difference in information needed by the breast cancer patients between the two cycles of chemotherapy (p=0.402). The most important information was from the subscale of disease, followed closely by treatment, physical care, investigative tests and psychosocial needs. Nurses had different views on the important information needed by breast cancer patients at both time points (p = 0.023).
CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer patients on chemotherapy have high levels of informational needs with no significant differences in information needed at first cycle as opposed to fourth cycle. There were differences between the perceptions of the breast cancer patients and the nurses on important information needed. A paradigm shift, with an emphasis on patients as the central focus, is needed to enhance the information giving sessions conducted by nurses based on the perceptions of the patients themselves.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Social pharmacy as a field of study: the needs and challenges in global pharmacy education

Hassali MA, Shafie AA, Al-Haddad MS, Abduelkarem AR, Ibrahim MI, Palaian S, et al.

Res Social Adm Pharm, 2011 Dec;7(4):415-20.
PMID: 21272536 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2010.10.003

The practice of pharmacy and, consequently, pharmacy curricula have undergone significant changes over the past years in response to a rapidly changing economic, political, and social environment. Within this context, the pharmacist's role had expanded to include more direct interaction with the public in terms of the provision of health information and advice on the safe and rational use of medications. To carry out these roles effectively, pharmacists need to be well prepared on how to deal with patients' behavior and psychology. The understanding of patient sociobehavioral aspects in the medication use process is paramount to achieving optimal clinical and humanistic outcomes from therapy. The concept of behavioral sciences and health psychology are embedded as the fundamental concepts in the field of social pharmacy, and thus it is imperative that this should be taught and nurtured to future pharmacy practitioners. Based on the growing needs for future pharmacists to be exposed to issues in social pharmacy, many pharmacy schools around the world have adopted this subject to be part of their standard curriculum. In this commentary, a discussion of the needs of social pharmacy courses in pharmacy curriculum will be addressed in the context of both developed and developing countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods
Consumer perception on generic medicines in Basrah, Iraq: preliminary findings from a qualitative study

Sharrad AK, Hassali MA

Res Social Adm Pharm, 2011 Mar;7(1):108-12.
PMID: 21397885 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2009.12.003

BACKGROUND: The use of generic medicines has been increasing steadily internationally, primarily because of cost concerns. Knowledge and use patterns of generic medicines in Iraq have not yet been measured.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore consumers' perception and knowledge on issues relating to generic medicine use in Basrah, Iraq.
METHODS: A qualitative approach was used to gather information from consumers in Basrah, Iraq. A purposive sample of 14 consumers in Basrah was interviewed face-to-face using a semistructured interview guide.
RESULTS: Thematic analysis of the interviews identified 5 major themes: understanding of the term "generic medicine," preference for generic medicine, refusal of generic medicine, generic substitution, and education on the use of generic medicines. Not all the consumers were familiar with the term "generic medicine;" they were familiar with the term "commercial medicine." Most of the participants understood that generics cost less compared with their branded counterparts. Most of the consumers said that their physicians and pharmacists had given them information on generics.
CONCLUSION: Knowledge of generic medicines may be lacking among consumers in Iraq. Development of consumer education on generics by health care providers is required to support the implementation of the policy on generic medicines in Iraq.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods
A preliminary study on the effect of pharmacist counseling on awareness of and willingness to quit smoking in Malaysian population

Babar ZU, Bukhari NI, Sarwar W, Efendie B, Pereira R, Mohamed MH

Pharm World Sci, 2007 Jun;29(3):101-3.
PMID: 17288012 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-005-2905-4

OBJECTIVES: This paper presents an outcome of pharmacist counseling among Malaysian smokers for their awareness of and willingness to quit smoking.

METHOD: It was a cross-sectional study during a 3-day public health campaign at a shopping complex. Each self-referred participant was asked to complete a questionnaire apart from the question regarding improvement, and if any in their awareness and willingness to quit smoking, were asked to respond after counseling. Pharmacists counseled each participant about smoking cessation strategies and smoking related diseases. The data were analyzed by chi2 test.

RESULTS: Among respondents, 25.5% had been smoking for more than 10 years, 31% for 5-10 years, 25.4% for 2-5 years and 18.3% for 1-2 years. The participants declaring no awareness about smoking were 22.9%, with little awareness 44.3%, having moderate awareness 25.7% and with considerable awareness were 7.1%. After counseling, 4.1% revealed unawareness, 17.8% little awareness, 43.8% moderate and 34.2% had considerable awareness on the above aspects. The post counseling awareness on smoking was observed to be significantly higher (P < 0.01). Among smokers studied, 67% showed willingness to quit smoking.

CONCLUSION: Increase in awareness of and willingness to quit smoking reflects that pharmacist counseling seems to be helpful in cessation of smoking.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Fulltext Knowledge of diabetes mellitus among diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Klinik Kesihatan Seremban

Ding CH, Teng CL, Koh CN

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Oct;61(4):399-404.
PMID: 17243515 MyJurnal

The Malaysian Ministry of Health has undertaken various campaigns on healthy lifestyle and health promotion over the years. The impact of these campaigns has been mixed and not well documented. This cross-sectional study evaluated the knowledge level of patients with and without diabetes in a large urban polyclinic using a 41-item questionnaire. One hundred and forty-nine adults (83 with diabetes, 66 without diabetes) participated in this study. Patients with diabetes had higher overall knowledge scores than those without diabetes (81.8% vs 64.0%, p < 0.001). While the overall knowledge of patients without diabetes appeared to be acceptable, several areas of knowledge deficiency were identified in this group--areas that should be filled by the on-going health promotion activities.
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan Seremban, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Issues post-stroke for Muslim people in maintaining the practice of salat (prayer): A qualitative study

Mohamed CR, Nelson K, Wood P, Moss C

Collegian, 2015;22(3):243-9.
PMID: 26552194

BACKGROUND: Muslims throughout the world perform salat (prayer) five times a day; salat involves a person reciting the Holy Qur'an while being in several positions. There are several steps that should be carried out before prayer, including wudhu (ablution) and covering one's awrah (body).
OBJECTIVES: To identify educational needs for stroke patients and their caregivers in Malaysia. Another purpose is to report on the needs identified by stroke patients and their families related to salat.
METHODS: Descriptive qualitative study. Phase 1 involved semi-structured interviews with stroke patients (n = 5), family caregivers (n = 5) and health professionals (n = 12) in Kelantan Malaysia. Phase 2 involved presenting the findings from Phase 1 to the health professionals with the aim of establishing priorities and processes to develop education strategies for stroke patients and their families.
RESULTS: Preparing for and performing salat was challenging for both patient and family carers to do following a stroke. Themes identified were prayer and the meaning of the stroke events for participants, difficulties praying post-stroke, prayer as part of rehabilitation therapy.
CONCLUSION: Providing culturally safe care should include how nurses assess and support patients and their caregivers post stroke to meet their prayer needs. Nurses have a role in discussing with stroke patients and their families how in addition to its spiritual and customary benefits, prayer and for Muslims reciting the Holy Qur'an can have cognitive and rehabilitation benefits, as well as being a source of psychological support for stroke patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Comprehension of antibiotic instructions in an outpatient Malaysian practice

Hassan Y, Abd Aziz N, Sarriff A, Darwis Y, Ibrahim P

Hosp Pharm, 1994 Jan;29(1):48-50, 53.
PMID: 10131493

Patients may not comply with antibiotic instructions because they do not understand them. The aim of this study was to assess outpatients' ability to comprehend their antibiotic prescription labels. Two hundred and five subjects on oral antibiotic regimens from an outpatient clinic and pharmacy of a district hospital were selected in this survey. All patients were interviewed by trained clinical pharmacy students. They were asked to read the labels and then how they would take their antibiotics. The results show that 119 (58.1%) patients could interpret the label. Forty-nine (23.9%) patients knew the name of antibiotics and interpreted the directions of use correctly. One hundred sixteen (56.6%) subjects were able to recall the auxiliary information. However, only 44 (21.4%) patients were able to comprehend complete antibiotic instruction. This study demonstrates that a significant proportion of patients could not interpret the labeling instruction. The comprehension level of patients was low and significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the ability of patient to read the label contents. These observations illustrate the need for physicians and pharmacists to provide antibiotic instructions and review these instructions with the patient.

Study site: outpatient clinic and pharmacy of a district hospita

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Fulltext The effectiveness of culturally tailored video narratives on medication understanding and use self-efficacy among stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial study protocol

Appalasamy JR, Tha KK, Quek KF, Ramaiah SS, Joseph JP, Md Zain AZ

Medicine (Baltimore), 2018 Jun;97(22):e10876.
PMID: 29851804 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010876

INTRODUCTION: A substantial number of the world's population appears to end with moderate to severe long-term disability after stroke. Persistent uncontrolled stroke risk factor leads to unpredicted recurrent stroke event. The increasing prevalence of stroke across ages in Malaysia has led to the adaptation of medication therapy adherence clinic (MTAC) framework. The stroke care unit has limited patient education resources especially for patients with medication understanding and use self-efficacy. Nevertheless, only a handful of studies have probed into the effectiveness of video narrative at stroke care centers.
METHOD: This is a behavioral randomized controlled trial of patient education intervention with video narratives for patients with stroke lacking medication understanding and use self-efficacy. The study will recruit up to 200 eligible stroke patients at the neurology tertiary outpatient clinic, whereby they will be requested to return for follow-up approximately 3 months once for up to 12 months. Consenting patients will be randomized to either standard patient education care or intervention with video narratives. The researchers will ensure control of potential confounding factors, as well as unbiased treatment review with prescribed medications only obtained onsite.
RESULTS: The primary analysis outcomes will reflect the variances in medication understanding and use self-efficacy scores, as well as the associated factors, such as retention of knowledge, belief and perception changes, whereas stroke risk factor control, for example, self-monitoring and quality of life, will be the secondary outcomes.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The study should be able to determine if video narrative can induce a positive behavioral change towards stroke risk factor control via enhanced medication understanding and use self-efficacy. This intervention is innovative as it combines health belief, motivation, and role model concept to trigger self-efficacy in maintaining healthy behaviors and better disease management.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN (12618000174280).

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*
What do hearing healthcare professionals do to promote hearing aid use and benefit among adults? A systematic review

Ismail AH, Munro KJ, Armitage CJ, Dawes PD

Int J Audiol, 2019 02;58(2):63-76.
PMID: 30646766 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2018.1531154

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the evidence in relation to what hearing healthcare professionals do during hearing aid consultations and identifying which behaviours promote hearing aid use and benefit among adult patients.
DESIGN: Searches were performed in electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool and Melnyk Levels of Evidence were used to assess quality and level of evidence of eligible studies. Behaviours of hearing healthcare professionals were summarised descriptively.
STUDY SAMPLE: 17 studies met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS: Twelve studies described behaviours of audiologists and five studies were intervention studies. Audiologists were typically task- or technically-oriented and/or dominated the interaction during hearing aid consultations. Two intervention studies suggested that use of motivational interviewing techniques by audiologists may increase hearing aid use in patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Most studies of clinicians' behaviours were descriptive, with very little research linking clinician behaviour to patient outcomes. The present review sets the research agenda for better-controlled intervention studies to identify which clinician behaviours better promote patient hearing aid outcomes and develop an evidence base for best clinical practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Prostate cancer screening perspective, Malaysia

Sothilingam S, Sundram M, Malek R, Sahabuddin RM

Urol Oncol, 2010;28(6):670-2.
PMID: 21062649 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.12.014

The incidence of prostate cancer in Malaysia is still low compared to the west. This may be due to a true low incidence or lower detection rates. Prostate Awareness Campaigns are held on a yearly basis to educate and encourage males over the age of 50 years to have their prostate examined. Such a campaign was organized in 2005 at the national level involving 12 district hospitals. A total of 2770 participants attended the campaign. 38.7% had no urinary symptoms and attended out of curiosity. Among the symptomatic patients, nocturia was the most bothersome in the majority. 84.6% of the participants also had some degree of erectile dysfunction based on the IIEF questionnaire. 10.4% of participants had a PSA > 4 ng/mL. Malay participants had the highest mean PSA level (2.32 ng/mL) and Indian participants the lowest (1.30 ng/mL). 408 participants were called back for biopsy but only 183 agreed to the biopsy. 30 cancers were detected. At present Malaysia will benefit most by continuing to conduct these awareness programmes to educate the public on prostate disease and hopefully in future patients will be less reluctant to have prostate biopsies taken when indicated.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods
Fulltext The effectiveness of a value-based EMOtion-cognition-Focused educatIonal programme to reduce diabetes-related distress in Malay adults with Type 2 diabetes (VEMOFIT): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

Chew BH, Vos RC, Shariff Ghazali S, Shamsuddin NH, Fernandez A, Mukhtar F, et al.

BMC Endocr Disord, 2017 Apr 04;17(1):22.
PMID: 28376921 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-017-0172-8

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients experience many psychosocial problems related to their diabetes. These often lead to emotional disorders such as distress, stress, anxiety and depression, resulting in decreased self-care, quality of life and disease control. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief value-based emotion-focused educational programme in adults with T2DM on diabetes-related distress (DRD), depressive symptoms, illness perceptions, quality of life, diabetes self-efficacy, self-care and clinical outcomes.
METHODS: A cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in 10 public health clinics in Malaysia, all providing diabetes care according to national clinical practice guidelines. Patients' inclusion criteria: Malay, ≥ 18 years with T2DM for at least 2 years, on regular follow-up with one of three biomarkers HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol sub-optimally controlled, and with a mean 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) score ≥ 3. The intervention consists of four sessions and one booster over a period of 4 months that provide information and skills to assist patients in having proper perceptions of their T2DM including an understanding of the treatment targets, understanding and managing their emotions and goal-setting. The comparator is an attention-control group with three meetings over a similar period. With an estimated intra-cluster correlation coefficient ρ of 0.015, a cluster size of 20 and 20% non-completion, the trial will need to enroll 198 patients.
PRIMARY OUTCOME: the between groups difference in proportion of patients achieving a mean DDS-17 score patients with DRD.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02730078 . Registered on 29 March 2016, last updated on 4 January 2017.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*
School refusal in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): A case series

Lee KKS, Chong JQ, Abu Bakar AK

Asian J Psychiatr, 2018 Apr;34:59-60.
PMID: 29653342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.04.021
Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods
Fulltext Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical guidelines

Hassanein M, Al-Arouj M, Hamdy O, Bebakar WMW, Jabbar A, Al-Madani A, et al.

Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2017 Apr;126:303-316.
PMID: 28347497 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.003

Ramadan fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam and is compulsory for all healthy Muslims from puberty onwards. Exemptions exist for people with serious medical conditions, including many with diabetes, but a large number will participate, often against medical advice. Ensuring the optimal care of these patients during Ramadan is crucial. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Diabetes and Ramadan (DAR) International Alliance have come together to deliver comprehensive guidelines on this subject. The key areas covered include epidemiology, the physiology of fasting, risk stratification, nutrition advice and medication adjustment. The IDF-DAR Practical Guidelines should enhance knowledge surrounding the issue of diabetes and Ramadan fasting, thereby empowering healthcare professionals to give the most up-to-date advice and the best possible support to their patients during Ramadan.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/standards
Methodological quality of guidelines for the management of opioid use disorder: A systematic review

Watan Pal A, Aziz Z, Kamarulzaman A

J Clin Pharm Ther, 2021 Dec;46(6):1531-1548.
PMID: 34159618 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13449

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) has a high mortality rate and affects millions of people worldwide. Many organizations and societies develop Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) to serve as a framework for healthcare providers to decide and support best practice to manage and treat OUD. However, not all CPGs sufficiently address all the important aspects of optimal care for managing OUD. This study aims to review current CPGs for management of OUD, evaluate their methodological quality and summarize their recommendations.
METHODS: We conducted this systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Various databases were searched for CPGs and Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE-II) instrument was used to assess the methodological quality. We also summarized the treatments plans of CPGs across continuum of care (diagnosis and assessment, treatment initiation, pharmacotherapy and psychosocial).
RESULTS: This review included 28 CPGs of varying qualities. CPGs from high-income countries and international organizations rated high for their methodological quality. Most CPGs scored high for the scope and purpose domain and scored low for applicability domain. Recommendations for the continuum of care for OUD varied across CPGs. Buprenorphine was recommended in most of the CPGs, followed by methadone. Recommendations for psychosocial interventions also varied, with cognitive behaviour therapies and counselling or education being the common recommendations in many CPGs WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: We found most CPGs have scope and purpose and clarity of presentation. However, the methodological rigour and applicability scored low. CPGs need to frame health questions in a comprehensible manner and provide an update as evidence grows. It is important for CPG developers to consider methodological quality as a factor when developing CPG recommendations.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/standards
Fulltext A self-efficacy education programme on foot self-care behaviour among older patients with diabetes in a public long-term care institution, Malaysia: a Quasi-experimental Pilot Study

Sharoni SKA, Abdul Rahman H, Minhat HS, Shariff Ghazali S, Azman Ong MH

BMJ Open, 2017 06 08;7(6):e014393.
PMID: 28600363 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014393

OBJECTIVE: A pilot self-efficacy education programme was conducted to assess the feasibility, acceptability and potential impact of the self-efficacy education programme on improving foot self-care behaviour among older patients with diabetes in a public long-term care institution.

METHOD: A prequasi-experimental and postquasi-experimental study was conducted in a public long-term care institution in Selangor, Malaysia. Patients with diabetes aged 60 years and above who fulfilled the selection criteria were invited to participate in this programme. Four self-efficacy information sources; performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and physiological information were translated into programme interventions. The programme consisted of four visits over a 12-week period. The first visit included screening and baseline assessment and the second visit involved 30 min of group seminar presentation. The third and fourth visits entailed a 20-min one-to-one follow-up discussion and evaluation. A series of visits to the respondents was conducted throughout the programme. The primary outcome was foot self-care behaviour. Foot self-efficacy (efficacy-expectation), foot care outcome expectation, knowledge of foot care, quality of life, fasting blood glucose and foot condition were secondary outcomes. Data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics (McNemar's test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test) using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V.20.0.

RESULTS: Fifty-two residents were recruited but only 31 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis at baseline and at 12 weeks postintervention. The acceptability rate was moderately high. At postintervention, foot self-care behaviour (p<0.001), foot self-efficacy (efficacy-expectation), (p<0.001), foot care outcome expectation (p<0.001), knowledge of foot care (p<0.001), quality of life (physical symptoms) (p=0.003), fasting blood glucose (p=0.010), foot hygiene (p=0.030) and anhydrosis (p=0.020) showed significant improvements.

CONCLUSION: Findings from this pilot study would facilitate the planning of a larger study among the older population with diabetes living in long-term care institutions.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12616000210471; Pre-results.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*
Fulltext A randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of pharmacist-led educational intervention on glycemic control, self-care activities and disease knowledge among type 2 diabetes patients: A consort compliant study protocol

Bukhsh A, Nawaz MS, Ahmed HS, Khan TM

Medicine (Baltimore), 2018 Mar;97(12):e9847.
PMID: 29561461 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009847

BACKGROUND: Diabetes self-care activities, like, healthy diet, regular exercise, self-monitoring of blood glucose, and rational use of medicines are considered to play a vital role in establishing euglycemia. Health literacy among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Pakistan is very low, which is the most likely cause for poor clinical outcomes. This study is designed to investigate the impact of pharmacist-led educational intervention on glycemic control, self-care activities and disease knowledge among T2DM patients in Pakistan.

METHODS: In this randomized controlled trail, effectiveness of a 6-month pharmacist-led educational intervention will be examined on glycemic control, diabetes self-care activities and disease knowledge of 80 adult T2DM patients (age >30 years) with poorly controlled T2DM (HbA1c> 7%), after randomizing them into intervention and control groups, at diabetes care clinic of Capital Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan.

RESULTS: The primary outcome is change in patients' HbA1c, whereas, changes in self-care activities and patients' disease knowledge are the secondary outcomes. After baseline assessment of their self-care activities and disease knowledge by using validated Urdu versions of Diabetes Self-management Questionnaire (DSMQ) and Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ), respectively, interventional group patients will be supplemented with a face-to-face pharmacist-led educational intervention, whereas, the control group will receive usual care. Intervention arm patients will be educated successively at their first follow-up visit (12th week) and telephonically after every 4 weeks. All assessments will be made at baseline and end of trail for both intervention and control groups. Multivariate general linear model will be applied to analyze the effects of the intervention.

CONCLUSION: Glycemic control in T2DM patients requires optimum self-care activities. This study is an attempt to improve self-care behaviors among poorly controlled T2DM patients who are at higher risk of diabetes-associated late complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic*
Fulltext A pilot study: the development of a culturally tailored Malaysian Diabetes Education Module (MY-DEMO) based on the Health Belief Model

Ahmad B, Ramadas A, Kia Fatt Q, Md Zain AZ

BMC Endocr Disord, 2014 Apr 08;14:31.
PMID: 24708715 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-14-31

BACKGROUND: Diabetes education and self-care remains the cornerstone of diabetes management. There are many structured diabetes modules available in the United Kingdom, Europe and United States of America. Contrastingly, few structured and validated diabetes modules are available in Malaysia. This pilot study aims to develop and validate diabetes education material suitable and tailored for a multicultural society like Malaysia.
METHODS: The theoretical framework of this module was founded from the Health Belief Model (HBM). The participants were assessed using 6-item pre- and post-test questionnaires that measured some of the known HBM constructs namely cues to action, perceived severity and perceived benefit. Data was analysed using PASW Statistics 18.0.
RESULTS: The pre- and post-test questionnaires were administered to 88 participants (31 males). In general, there was a significant increase in the total score in post-test (97.34 ± 6.13%) compared to pre-test (92.80 ± 12.83%) (p 85%) at post-test (84.1%) compared to pre-test (70.5%) (p

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*
Fulltext Translation and Validation of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement Tool in Malaysia (B-CAM-M)

Htay MNN, Donnelly M, Schliemann D, Loh SY, Dahlui M, Ibrahim Tamin NSB, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 Jan 01;21(1):217-223.
PMID: 31983187 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.1.217

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Malaysia, and the incidence of 31.1 per 100,000 population is comparatively higher than other Southeast Asian countries. Diagnosis tends to occur at later stages which may be due, partly, to inadequate knowledge about warning signs and symptoms. Therefore, this study investigated the validity and reliability of a UK-developed measure in the context of assessing women's awareness of breast cancer in Malaysia.
AIMS: This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the internationally recognised Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (B-CAM) into the Malay language.
METHODS: The original B-CAM (Cancer Research UK) was forward and backward translated and content validation was ascertained. Face validity (n=30), test-retest reliability (n=50) and the internal consistency of the B-CAM-M (M for Malay language) were assessed in a community sample of adults (n=251) in 2018.
RESULTS: The translated B-CAM-M was validated by an expert panel. The Item-Content Validity Index ranged from .83 to 1.00. The results from the survey (n=251) indicated that the B-CAM-M was well received by Malay-speaking women across the main ethnic groups (85 Malay, 84 Chinese and 82 Indian adults). Cronbach alpha scores for the knowledge about breast cancer symptoms (0.83) and the barriers to healthcare seeking items (0.75) were high. Test-retest reliability (separated by 2-week-interval) with 50 randomly selected participants from the community survey produced intra-class correlations ranging from 0.39 to 0.69.
CONCLUSION: The Malay-version, the B-CAM-M, is a culturally acceptable, valid and reliable assessment tool with which to measure breast cancer awareness among Malay-speaking women.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*
Fulltext Randomised-controlled trial of a web-based dietary intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes: changes in health cognitions and glycemic control

Ramadas A, Chan CKY, Oldenburg B, Hussein Z, Quek KF

BMC Public Health, 2018 06 08;18(1):716.
PMID: 29884161 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5640-1

BACKGROUND: Increasing prevalence and disease burden has led to an increasing demand of programs and studies focused on dietary and lifestyle habits, and chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the effects of a 6-month web-based dietary intervention on Dietary Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour (DKAB), Dietary Stages of Change (DSOC), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with uncontrolled HbA1c (> 7.0%) in a randomised-controlled trial (myDIDeA) in Malaysia.
METHODS: The e-intervention group (n = 62) received a 6-month web-delivered intensive dietary intervention while the control group (n = 66) continued with their standard hospital care. Outcomes (DKAB and DSOC scores, FBG and HbA1c) were compared at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up.
RESULTS: While both study groups showed improvement in total DKAB score, the margin of improvement in mean DKAB score in e-intervention group was larger than the control group at post-intervention (11.1 ± 0.9 vs. 6.5 ± 9.4,p

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Education as Topic/methods*

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