MyMedR

Incidence of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) in Malaysia

Retnasabapathy A, San KT

Vet Rec, 1976 Jan 24;98(4):68-9.

A total of 764 adult dogs were examined for microfilariae and adult worms of D immitis and 197 (25-8 per cent) were found to be infected. Direct blood examinations revealed only 47-2 per cent of the infected dogs whereas the blood serum examination detected 57-8 per cent of them. These results showed that the absence of circulating microfilariae could not be relied upon to be an accurate indication of the absence of patent heartworm infection. The average number of heartworms per dog was 5-5 with a range of one to 50.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood/parasitology; Dirofilariasis/parasitology; Dog Diseases/parasitology

Fulltext Human infections with Sarcocystis species

Fayer R, Esposito DH, Dubey JP

Clin Microbiol Rev, 2015 Apr;28(2):295-311.

PMID: 25715644 DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00113-14

Recurrent outbreaks of muscular sarcocystosis among tourists visiting islands in Malaysia have focused international attention on sarcocystosis, a disease once considered rare in humans. Sarcocystis species require two hosts, definitive and intermediate, to complete their life cycle. Humans can serve as definitive hosts, with intestinal sarcocystosis for two species acquired from eating undercooked meat: Sarcocystis hominis, from beef, and Sarcocystis suihominis, from pork. Symptoms such as nausea, stomachache, and diarrhea vary widely depending on the number of cysts ingested but appear more severe with pork than with beef. Humans serve as intermediate hosts for Sarcocystis nesbitti, a species with a reptilian definitive host, and possibly other unidentified species, acquired by ingesting sporocysts from feces-contaminated food or water and the environment; infections have an early phase of development in vascular endothelium, with illness that is difficult to diagnose; clinical signs include fever, headache, and myalgia. Subsequent development of intramuscular cysts is characterized by myositis. Presumptive diagnosis based on travel history to tropical regions, elevated serum enzyme levels, and eosinophilia is confirmed by finding sarcocysts in muscle biopsy specimens. There is no vaccine or confirmed effective antiparasitic drug for muscular sarcocystosis, but anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce symptoms. Prevention strategies are also discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Intestines/parasitology; Meat/parasitology; Muscles/parasitology

Fulltext A new species of Brachiella (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Lernaeopodidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with relegation of two genera Charopinopsis and Eobrachiella to junior synonyms of Brachiella

Ohtsuka S, Piasecki W, Ismail N, Kamarudin AS

Parasite, 2020;27:40.

PMID: 32463013 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020038

Both sexes of Brachiella malayensis n. sp. are described on the basis of specimens found in the nostrils of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède) collected off Besut, Malaysia. The female of this species closely resembles those of B. magna Kabata, 1968 and B. cybii Pillai, Prabha et Balaraman, 1982 but is distinguishable mainly by the body size and the proportions of the cephalosome, posterior processes and caudal rami. While examining the male, we noticed a systematic inconsistency in some lernaeopodid genera. The genus Brachiella Cuvier, 1830, represented by its type-species Brachiella thynni Cuvier, 1830, and two monotypic genera Charopinopsis Yamaguti, 1963 and Eobrachiella Ho et Do, 1984, represented by Charopinopsis quaternia (Wilson, 1935) and Eobrachiella elegans (Richiardi, 1880), respectively, share distinct synapomorphies in the embracing (vs. pinching) elongate male maxilliped and the female trunk with a pair of long, cylindrical ventroposterior processes (in addition to a pair of modified caudal rami), both of which are involved in their unique reproductive strategy. The latter two genera are herewith relegated to junior synonyms of Brachiella.

Matched MeSH terms: Fish Diseases/parasitology; Nasal Cavity/parasitology; Perciformes/parasitology*

Fulltext The dual defensive strategy of Amorphophallus throughout its ontogeny

Liu K, Fadzly N, Mansor A, Zakaria R, Ruppert N, Lee CY

Plant Signal Behav, 2017 Oct 03;12(10):e1371890.

PMID: 28841358 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1371890

Amorphophallus bufo is a rarely studied plant in Malaysian tropical rainforests. We measured the spectral reflectance of different developmental stages of A. bufo (seedlings, juveniles and adults), background soil/ debris and leaves from other neighboring plant species. Results show that the leaves of A. bufo seedling have a similar reflectance curve as the background soil and debris. Adults and juveniles of A. bufo are similar to other neighboring plants' leaf colors. We hypothesize that the cryptic coloration of A. bufo seedlings plays an important role in camouflage and that the numerous black spots on the surface of the petioles and rachises, may serve as a defensive mimicry against herbivores.

Matched MeSH terms: Plant Leaves/parasitology*; Amorphophallus/parasitology*; Seedlings/parasitology

Studies on the Malayan forest rat filaria, Breinlia booliati (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae): course of development in rat host

Singh M, Yap EH, Ho BC, Kang KL, Lim PC

J Helminthol, 1976 Jun;50(2):103-10.

PMID: 965704

The development of Breinlia booliati is described in its natural host, Rattus sabanus and in an inbred strain of laboratory albino rat. The growth of the parasite is similar in both the rat hosts. The third moult occurs between six-eight days and the final moult between 24-28 days. Larvae were recovered initially from the skin and carcass. After five weeks, developing stages were seen only in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, the site of development of the adult worms. Worms became sexually mature by 11-12 weeks and there was considerable growth in length of the female worms after this stage.

Matched MeSH terms: Rats, Inbred Strains/parasitology; Skin/parasitology; Rats/parasitology

Pelecitus galli n. sp. from the Malayan jungle fowl Gallus gallus spadiceus

Dissanike AS, Fernando MA

J Helminthol, 1974 Sep;48(3):199-203.

PMID: 4430828

Matched MeSH terms: Birds/parasitology*; Blood/parasitology; Lung/parasitology

Fulltext Sandwich dot-immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) for specific immunodiagnosis of active neuroangiostrongyliasis

Eamsobhana P, Tungtrongchitr A, Yong HS, Prasartvit A, Wanachiwanawin D, Gan XX

Parasitology, 2021 Feb;148(2):234-239.

PMID: 33004092 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182020001894

Serological tests may yield false-negative results for specific antibodies detection before or at the early seroconversion phase. Tests that detect circulating antigens of Angiostrongylus cantonensis would therefore be of value in diagnosis to distinguish current or past infection. Here, a quick, easy to perform, portable and inexpensive diagnostic device for detection of 31-kDa A. cantonensis specific antigens had been developed. This sandwich dot-immunogold filtration assay (AcDIGFAAg), for detecting active angiostrongyliasis was produced using anti-A. cantonensis polyclonal antibody dotted on the nitrocellulose membrane as a capture agent and colloidal gold-labelled anti-31 kDa A. cantonensis antibody as a detection agent. A well-defined pink dot, indicating positivity, was seen readily by naked eye within 10-15 min. The AcDIGFAAg detected A. cantonensis-specific antigens in cerebrospinal fluid samples from 4 out of 10 serologically confirmed angiostrongyliasis cases and 2 out of 5 suspected cases with negative anti-A. cantonensis antibodies. Among the 19 patient sera with A. cantonensis infection, 2 showed positive reaction by AcDIGFAAg. No positive AcDIGFAAg reaction was observed in all the serum samples with other parasitic diseases, and the healthy controls. The present 'AcDIGFAAg' enables rapid qualitative detection of the specific 31-kDa antigens of A. cantonensis in clinical samples with potential for application even under resource-limited settings.

Matched MeSH terms: Parasitology/methods; Strongylida Infections/parasitology

Fulltext Autochthonous human schistosomiasis, Malaysia

Latif B, Heo CC, Razuin R, Shamalaa DV, Tappe D

Emerg Infect Dis, 2013 Aug;19(8):1340-1.

PMID: 23876448 DOI: 10.3201/eid1908.121710

Matched MeSH terms: Granuloma/parasitology; Liver/parasitology*; Schistosomiasis/parasitology

Fulltext Two New Genera and Species of the Parasitic Copepod Family Chondracanthidae Milne Edwards, 1840 (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from Deep-Sea Fishes Off Suruga Bay, Japan

Aneesh PT, Ohtsuka S, Kondo Y, Helna AK

Acta Parasitol, 2024 Mar;69(1):874-888.

PMID: 38468018 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00820-3

PURPOSE: The present paper describes two new genera and species of the parasitic copepod family Chondracanthidae Milne Edwards, 1840 based on specimens collected from two species of deep-sea fishes at a depth of 212 m off Suruga Bay, Japan. Avatar nishidai gen. et sp. nov. is described from the host fish Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978 (Chaunacidae). Kokeshioides surugaensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from the host fish Setarches longimanus (Alcock, 1894) (Setarchidae).

METHODS: Fresh specimens of chondracanthids were collected from the buccal cavity of two species of deep-sea fishes (fish hosts were frozen), Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978 (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae) and Setarches longimanus (Alcock, 1894) (Perciformes: Setarchidae), caught at a depth of 212 m in Suruga Bay, Japan (34° 37'48.87″ N, 138° 43'2.958″ E). Both the species are described and illustrated based on ovigerous females.

RESULTS: The genus Avatar gen. nov. can readily be distinguished from all other chondracanthid genera by the following combination of features: cephalothorax slightly wider than long with anterior pair of large and posterior pair of small lateral lobes, and two pairs of ventro-lateral processes; the very posteriormost part of the first pedigerous somite contributes to the neck; cylindrical trunk with two pairs of blunt proximal fusiform processes; antennule with small knob terminally; antenna bearing distal endopodal segment; labrum protruding ventrally; two pairs of biramous legs each with 2-segmented rami. Kokeshioides gen. nov. has the following combinations of features that distinguish it from other chondracanthid genera: body flattened, without lateral processes; cephalothorax much wider than long, with paired anterolateral and posterolateral lobes, folded ventrally; the very posteriormost part of the first pedigerous somite contributes to the neck; mandible elongate; legs unique, heavily sclerotized, represented by two pairs of acutely pointed processes.

CONCLUSION: With the addition of two new genera presently reported, the family Chondracanthidae currently includes 52 valid genera. Among the described genera Avatar gen. nov. seems to be very primitive, while Kokeshioides gen. nov. is highly advanced. The deduced evolutionary history of chondracanthid genera is also discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Ectoparasitic Infestations/parasitology; Fishes/parasitology; Perciformes/parasitology

[Plasmodium knowlesi--the fifth malaria. Potentially lethal infection which can also affect tourists]

Färnert A, Bronner U

Lakartidningen, 2009 May-Jun;106(21-22):1465-9.

PMID: 19579434

Matched MeSH terms: Macaca fascicularis/parasitology

A description of a pleurolophocercous cercaria of Procerovum sp from the Haplorchis group of heterophyid trematodes

Surin J

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1993 Dec;24(4):692-6.

PMID: 7939942

Freshwater snails, Stenomelania denisoniensis (Brot) from Tinaroo Dam, North Queensland, Australia were found to be infected with a heterophyid cercaria identified as Procerovum sp. The tail of the cercaria has finfolds which are bilateral anteriorly and dorso-ventral posteriorly, features which separate it from other genera in the Haplorchis-group. This group is differentiated from the cercariae of all the other heterophyid genera by the presence of the penetration glands that extend to the posterior end of the body lateral to the excretory bladder. This paper presents a full description of the cercaria, together with comparisons with other known species of Procerovum.

Matched MeSH terms: Snails/parasitology*

Acute isolated amoebic appendicitis

Malik AK, Hanum N, Yip CH

Histopathology, 1994 Jan;24(1):87-8.

PMID: 8144148

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/parasitology*

Fulltext A survey of anisakid larvae in marine fish in Penang, Malaysia

Leong TS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1980 Dec;11(4):493-5.

PMID: 7221690

A total of 104 marine fish belonging to 12 species in 6 families were examined for anisakid larvae. All except one fish species were infected with one or more types of anisakid larvae. Three types of anisakid larvae were recovered, the most abundant being Anisakis type 1 (9 out of 11 fish species) followed by Contracaecum type B (6 out of 11) and Terranova type B (1 out of 11). Latianus malabaricus has the highest mean intensity of both Anisakis type 1 and Contracaecum type B. The public health hazard of anisakine nematodes is briefly discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Fishes/parasitology*

Exoristobia philippinensis, a common parasitoid of synantrophic flies (Hymenoptera, encyrtidae)

Kadarsan S, Jeffery J

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1981 Dec;12(4):615-6.

PMID: 7344118

Matched MeSH terms: Diptera/parasitology*

The first report in Hymenolepis diminuta infection in Sabah, Malaysia

Kan SK, Kok RT, Marto S, Thomas I, Teo WW

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1981;75(4):609.

PMID: 7324140

Matched MeSH terms: Feces/parasitology

New records of nematodes in the house crow (Corvus splendens Vieillot) in Asia

Wong PL, Poon SK, Anderson RC

Can. J. Zool., 1980 Jun;58(6):1212-3.

PMID: 7427819

Matched MeSH terms: Birds/parasitology*

Tanaisia fedtschenkoi from body cavity of Gallus gallus

Sinniah B

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1980 Sep;11(3):423.

PMID: 7444591

Matched MeSH terms: Chickens/parasitology*

Ultrastructure of Sarcocystis sp. from the Malaysian house rat, Rattus rattus diardii

Kan SP, Dissanaike AS

Z Parasitenkd, 1977 Jul 29;52(3):219-27.

PMID: 410181

The ultrastructure of Sarcocystis sp. from the Malaysian house rat, Rattus rattus diardii, was studied with the electron microscope. The thin, uniformly-dense primary cyst wall had a row of vesicular invaginations which were also seen along the wall of the villi-like projections or cytophaneres. Within the villi were spherical bodies and hollow, curled structures. The ground substance beneath the primary cyst wall extended into the cyst as thin septa or trabeculae separating the tightly-packed zoites into compartments. Merozoites had a double-layered membrane, a conoid, 2 conoidal rings, 22 subpellicular microtubules, 6 rhoptries, 80-100 micronemes, scattered lipid droplets, and sac-like mitochrondrion, beside which was a Golgi apparatus. A micropore was occasionally seen at the anterior third of the zoite whereas the nucleus occupied the posterior third. Metrocytes were few in number and peripheral in location.

Matched MeSH terms: Rats/parasitology

The freshwater snail lymnaea rubiginosa as an experimental host of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis: a preliminary report

Dondero TJ, Lim BL

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1976 Mar.

PMID: 1027105

Preliminary studies have shown that Lymnaea rubiginosa, a common fresh-water snail in Peninsular Malaysia, which is easily colonized and reared in the laboratory, is a capable experimental intermediate host for Angiostrongylus malaysiensis. Overall 73% of the snails tested became infected following 6 hours exposure to infective rat faeces. Higher infection rates, up to 100%, and heavier worm loads, occurred among the larger sized snails. Snail attrition was low except when very heavy worm loads were acquired.

Matched MeSH terms: Lymnaea/parasitology*

Preliminary report on new cercariae from Bellamya and Pila snails in Peninsular Malaysia

Lim HK, Colley FC, Ow-Yang CK

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1974 Sep;5(3):458-9.

PMID: 4432110

Matched MeSH terms: Snails/parasitology*

Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 1467 in total