MyMedR

Fulltext A review of stroke research in Malaysia from 2000 - 2014

Cheah WK, Hor CP, Abdul Aziz Z, Looi I

Med J Malaysia, 2016 Jun;71(Suppl 1):58-69.

Over 100 articles related to stroke were found in a search through a database dedicated to indexing all literature with original data involving the Malaysian population between years 2000 and 2014. Stroke is emerging as a major public health problem. The development of the National Stroke Registry in the year 2009 aims to coordinate and improve stroke care, as well as to generate more data on various aspects of stroke in the country. Studies on predictors of survival after strokes have shown potential to improve the overall management of stroke, both during acute event and long term care. Stroke units were shown to be effective locally in stroke outcomes and prevention of stroke-related complications. The limited data looking at direct cost of stroke management suggests that the health economic burden in stroke management may be even higher. Innovative rehabilitation programmes including braincomputer interface technology were studied with encouraging results. Studies in traditional complementary medicine for strokes such as acupuncture, Urut Melayu and herbal medicine were still limited.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext EEG-Based Control for Upper and Lower Limb Exoskeletons and Prostheses: A Systematic Review

Al-Quraishi MS, Elamvazuthi I, Daud SA, Parasuraman S, Borboni A

Sensors (Basel), 2018 Oct 07;18(10).

PMID: 30301238 DOI: 10.3390/s18103342

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have great impact on the development of assistive rehabilitation devices. These signals are used as a popular tool to investigate the functions and the behavior of the human motion in recent research. The study of EEG-based control of assistive devices is still in early stages. Although the EEG-based control of assistive devices has attracted a considerable level of attention over the last few years, few studies have been carried out to systematically review these studies, as a means of offering researchers and experts a comprehensive summary of the present, state-of-the-art EEG-based control techniques used for assistive technology. Therefore, this research has three main goals. The first aim is to systematically gather, summarize, evaluate and synthesize information regarding the accuracy and the value of previous research published in the literature between 2011 and 2018. The second goal is to extensively report on the holistic, experimental outcomes of this domain in relation to current research. It is systematically performed to provide a wealthy image and grounded evidence of the current state of research covering EEG-based control for assistive rehabilitation devices to all the experts and scientists. The third goal is to recognize the gap of knowledge that demands further investigation and to recommend directions for future research in this area.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Designing interoperable health information systems using Enterprise Architecture approach in resource-limited countries: A literature review

Higman S, Dwivedi V, Nsaghurwe A, Busiga M, Sotter Rulagirwa H, Smith D, et al.

Int J Health Plann Manage, 2019 Jan;34(1):e85-e99.

PMID: 30182517 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2634

BACKGROUND: Enterprise Architecture (EA) integrates business and technical processes in health information systems (HIS). Low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) use EA to combine management components with disease tracking and health care service monitoring. Using an EA approach differs by country, addressing specific needs.

METHODS: Articles in this review referenced EA, were peer-reviewed or gray literature reports published in 2010 to 2016 in English, and were identified using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

RESULTS: Fourteen articles described EA use in LMICs. India, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Mozambique, and Rwanda reported building the system to meet country needs and implement a cohesive HIS framework. Jordan and Taiwan focused on specific HIS aspects, ie, disease surveillance and electronic medical records. Five studies informed the context. The Millennium Villages Project employed a "uniform but contextualized" approach to guide systems in 10 countries; Malaysia, Indonesia, and Tanzania used interviews and mapping of existing components to improve HIS, and Namibia used of Activity Theory to identify technology-associated activities to better understand EA frameworks. South Africa, Burundi, Kenya, and Democratic Republic of Congo used EA to move from paper-based to electronic systems.

CONCLUSIONS: Four themes emerged: the importance of multiple sectors and data sources, the need for interoperability, the ability to incorporate system flexibility, and the desirability of open group models, data standards, and software. Themes mapped to EA frameworks and operational components and to health system building blocks and goals. Most articles focused on processes rather than outcomes, as countries are engaged in implementation.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Report on the outbreak of beri-beri in the criminal prison, Singapore (continuation)

Rowell TI

Ind Med Gaz, 1881 Apr 01;16(4):122.

PMID: 28999059

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Report on the outbreak of beri-beri in the criminal prison, Singapore

Rowell TI

Ind Med Gaz, 1881 Mar 01;16(3):91-94.

PMID: 28999030

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

AFOMP policy number 6: code of ethics for medical physicists in AFOMP Countries

Round WH, Ng KH, Rodriguez L, Thayalan K, Tang F, Srivastava R, et al.

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2018 Dec;41(4):809-810.

PMID: 30406922 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-018-0708-x

This policy statement, which is the sixth of a series of documents prepared by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (AFOMP) Professional Development Committee, gives guidance on how medical physicists in AFOMP countries should conduct themselves in an ethical manner in their professional practice (Ng et al. in Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 32:175-179, 2009; Round et al. in Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 33:7-10, 2010; Round et al. in Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 34:303-307, 2011; Round et al. in Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 35:393-398, 2012; Round et al. in Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 38:217-221, 2015). It was developed after the ethics policies and codes of conducts of several medical physics societies and other professional organisations were studied. The policy was adopted at the Annual General Meeting of AFOMP held in Jaipur, India, in November 2017.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia [duplicate2]

Pallister RA

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1951;44:756.

DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(51)90012-0

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A case of Sparganum prolifer infection

Marjoribanks RM, Le Sueur E

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1924;18:70.

DOI: 10.1016/S0035-9203(24)90769-3

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Yaws in Borneo, not connected with syphilis

Smith F

Lancet, 1894;144:910.

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)02047-0

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Achalasia cardia presenting with haemetemesis. [Abstract]

Ganesananthan S, Ngau YY, Menon J, Kew ST

Med J Malaysia, 2002;57 Suppl A:47.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A note on prognosis in relation to parasite counts in acute subtertian malaria

Field JW, Niven JC

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1937;30:569-74.

DOI: 10.1016/S0035-9203(37)90070-1

An analysis is made of parasite counts made on the first day of treatment in a series of 750 cases of acute subtertian malaria. The analysis affords data of the parasitological intensity of the subtertian infections prevalent in the Kuala Lumpur district of the Malay States during 2 years of normal malarial incidence and severity, and suggests:- 1. (a) That parasite counts made on the first day of treatment are of considerable prognostic reliability. 2. (b) That the counts made during the course of treatment are a useful guide to progress but are open to occasional fallacy. 3. (c) That the extreme limit of tolerance of Asiatic adults for the local strains of P. falciparum is probably in the region of three quarters of a million parasites per c.mm. of peripheral blood.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A case of cervical rib

Dunlop GA

Lancet, 1928;212:500.

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)83930-6

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Observations on the distribution of filariasis in the interior of the Malay Peninsula

Polunin I

Med J Malaya, 1951;5.

1. Observations on filariasis made during medical travels in the Malay Peninsula are described. 2. The tentative diagnosis of endemic filariasis was made when cases typical of filarial elephantiasis were found in members of the indigenous population who have never resided in a previously known filariasis area, and was confirmed by finding microfilariae of Wuchereria malayi in bloods from that population. 3. Endemic filariasis has previously been reported associated with jungle swamp along the lower reaches of some of the larger rivers, and in certain coastal ricefield areas. It is reported in this paper in undeveloped inland areas of Perak, Pahang and Selangor, far distant from the previously described foci. This data has been summarized in maps and an Appendix. 4. In most inland areas where a search has been made, it has been possible to find evidence of endemic filariasis and sometimes the parasite rate has been over 50%. 5. The geographical distribution of the disease has not yet been defined, but is certainly more extensive than that described in this paper. 6. Infection probably takes place at an altitude of 1,500 feet in mountain valleys in Malaya.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Studies of blood groups in South-East Asia

Polunin I, Sneah PHA

Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 1953;83:215-251.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Fulltext Clinical Trials and Biomedical Research

Citation:
MMC Guideline 009/2006: Clinical Trials and Biomedical Research. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Medical Council; 2006

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Treatment of scabies with Gamma BHC (' Gammexane')

Edeson JFB, Wharton RH

Med J Malaya, 1950;4:281-283.

In a Malay school, 150 school boys, all clinically positive for scabies, were divided into three approximately equal groups. The first group was treated with 0.5 per cent γ BHC [' Gammexane'] in coconut oil, the second with 20 per cent emulsion of benzyl benzoate and the third, as a control, with coconut oil. Each group received two treatments with a week's interval between. One week after the second treatment the patients were re-examined for clinical evidence of scabies. The percentage of cases recorded as cured after the two treatments was 48 for γ BHC, 39 for benzyl benzoate and 9 for coconut oil. [This paper is a good example of the danger of estimating the chemotherapeutic value of sarcopticidal drugs on purely clinical evidence.]

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Use of a New External Fixator for the Correction of Fixed Flexion Deformity of the Fingers

Siow YS, Ahmad TS, Goh SY

Hand Surg, 1999 Dec;4(2):167-174.

PMID: 11089175

Three patients with severe fixed flexion deformity of the fingers caused by trauma were reported. As an alternative treatment, a new mini external fixator was used to correct the deformities. The use of this device has made treatment of contractures simpler and more predictable. Gradual distraction and straightening was applied to loosen and extend the joints, followed by a period of mobilisation while still on the device. In all the three patients, this experimental device and approach led to improvement of the fixed flexion deformities. With use of this device, surgical release may not be necessary.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

Bronchiectasis as a sequelae to achalasia [Abstract]

Ganesananthan S, Ngau YY

Med J Malaysia, 2002;57 Suppl A:51-51.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A modification of pneumatic dilation technique. [Abstract]

Ganesananthan S, Rajvinder S, Kiew KK, Melvin R

Med J Malaysia, 2004;59 Suppl C:51.

Background: Based on studies and some clinical practice pneumatic dilatation utilizing the widely available wire guided polyethylene pneumatic dilator system using a 30mm balloon inflated for 15 seconds upon loss of waist noted (during fluoroscopy) at 7 to 10psi obtains optimal disruption of the lower esophageal sphincter. We employed this technique till August 2001 without any complications (notably perforation) with good clinical outcome and durability.
Aims: To study the efficacy of pneumatic dilatation with the pneumatic balloon dilated only till loss of waist.
Materials and Methods: A total of 10 treatment naïve achalasia patients enrolled from August 2001 till July 2002 were dilated till loss of waist and the outcome and durability was compared with our historical controls.
Findings: A total of 10 patients with age 45±18 (range 22-67) years with 8 females: 2 males and 5 Malays: 5 Chinese with 3 patients with megaoesophagus underwent pneumatic dilatation using a 30 mm Rigiflex® pneumatic dilator till loss of waist was noted during fluoroscopy at 7psi and the balloon deflated immediately. All the patients reported symptomatic improvement in dysphagia, regurgitation and demonstrated a 3-12 month post procedural weight gain of 6±5 (range: 1-15) kg. One patient required a second dilatation only after 13 months. All the remaining patients remain well till today after the initial single dilatation. The durability of the dilatation was 27±7 months (range: 13-33) months. There were no complications noted. There were no complaints of excessive reflux. This data was compared with our historical control (patients before August 2001), i.e. the pneumatic dilator inflated for 15 seconds upon loss of waist, and there was no difference in clinical outcome, or the durability of dilatation or the duration of stay post procedure.
Conclusion: Forceful disruption of the lower esophageal sphincter utilizing the pneumatic dilator is effective but is associated with a 1-5% risk of perforation. We obtained identical results without loss of clinical improvement or durability utilizing our technique compared to the traditional method. Since August 2001 all our dilatations were performed in our unit utilizes this simplified method. We have yet to report a perforation after pneumatic dilatation.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

A review of 10 patients with achalasia and megaesophagus: Hospital Kuala Lumpur experience. [Abstract]

Ganesananthan S, Rajvinder S, Kiew KK

Med J Malaysia, 2005;60 Suppl A:48.

Introduction: Megaesophagus is defined as an esophagus measuring 8cm or larger on the barium swallow examination in a patient with Achalasia cardia. Its existence defines a late stage of achalasia and therapy will include an esophagectomy in its management. The latter carries a high morbidity and mortality.
Materials and Methods: We reviewed retrospectively all treatment naïve patients with Achalasia from 1st January 2000 and identified 10 patients with megaesophagus and these patients were analysed.
Findings: The average presenting age is 52±15 (range 20-73) years with 4 males: 6 females with 5 Malays:3 Chinese:2 Indians. The duration of illness before diagnosis was 7±5 (range 1-16) years. All patients had dysphagia, regurgitation and weight loss. All 10 patients demonstrated aperistalsis but interestingly 8 patients failed Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) intubation during Standard Esophageal Manometry due to coiling of the catheter. Failure to elicit Failure of LES relaxation translates as a high technical failure of manometry (80%) in the diagnosis of Achalasia. A confident diagnosis of Achalasia was made on barium swallow in 9 cases (90%). All 10 patients underwent pneumatic dilatation. Eight patients required only single dilatation. However two patients required two dilatations. The durability of the twelve pneumatic dilatation 27±13 (Range: 9-44) months with good symptomatic relieve and an objective post procedural weight gain of 10±6 (range:1-19) kg over a period of 3-12 months. There was no complications noted post procedure.
Conclusion: In advanced cases of achalasia, barium swallow is superior to manometry for obtaining the diagnosis. Pneumatic dilatation is an effective and safe procedure for patients with megaesophagus.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

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