MyMedR

Why do primigravidae request caesarean section in a normal pregnancy? A qualitative study in Iran

Faisal I, Matinnia N, Hejar AR, Khodakarami Z

Midwifery, 2014 Feb;30(2):227-33.

PMID: 24055288 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.08.011

to gain a deeper understanding of why Iranian primigravidae request caesarean section without any medical indication.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Treatment of congenital chylothorax with octreotide in a hydropic preterm infant

Choo YM, Lim CT

Paediatr Int Child Health, 2013 May;33(2):116-9.

PMID: 23925288 DOI: 10.1179/2046905512Y.0000000030

Congenital chylothorax is rare in preterm infants. While most cases respond to conservative treatment, a few require surgery. Treatment with intravenous octreotide has been reported to have varying success in preterm infants. A fetus was diagnosed with bilateral hydrothoraces at 29 weeks of gestation and repeated thoracocentesis was performed antenatally to allow growth of the lungs. She was delivered electively at 32 weeks by caesarean section. Hydrops fetalis was confirmed and chest tubes were inserted bilaterally soon after birth. Intravenous octreotide was commenced on day 4 of life, titrated to a maximum of 10 μg/kg/hr for a total of 28 days. Hydrothorax resolved at day 30 and total parenteral nutrition was given for a total of 37 days. She was successfully extubated on day 40 of life and discharged on day 80. On review at 6 months of age, she was thriving and developing normally.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

'They treat you like you are not a human being': maltreatment during labour and delivery in rural northern Ghana

Moyer CA, Adongo PB, Aborigo RA, Hodgson A, Engmann CM

Midwifery, 2014 Feb;30(2):262-8.

PMID: 23790959 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.05.006

to explore community and health-care provider attitudes towards maltreatment during delivery in rural northern Ghana, and compare findings against The White Ribbon Alliance's seven fundamental rights of childbearing women.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire to estimate the intake of genistein in Malaysia

Fernandez AR, Omar SZ, Husain R

Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2013 Nov;64(7):794-800.

PMID: 23701012 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.798269

To develop and validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to estimate the genistein intake in a Malaysian population of pregnant women.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by anti-E

Usman AS, Mustaffa R, Ramli N, Diggi SA

Asian J Transfus Sci, 2013 Jan;7(1):84-5.

PMID: 23559775 DOI: 10.4103/0973-6247.106750

OBJECTIVE: Maternal allo-antibody production is stimulated when fetal red blood cells are positive for an antigen absent on the mother's red cells. The maternal IgG antibodies produced will pass through the placenta and attack fetal red cells carrying the corresponding antigen. Allo-immune hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by anti-E rarely occurs.

CASE SUMMARY: We report two cases of anti-E hemolytic diseases in neonates. One of the neonates had severe hemolysis presenting with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, while the other had moderate anemia and unconjugated hyperbilrubinemia. Although both the neonates were treated by phototherapy and intravenous immunoglobulin, one of them received double volume exchange transfusion.

CONCLUSION: There appeared to be an increase in the occurrence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by Rh antibodies other than anti-D. In this case report, both patients presented with anemia and hyperbilirubinemia but were successfully treated, with a favorable outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Effects of preeclampsia on the yield of hematopoietic stem cells obtained from umbilical cord blood at delivery

Wahid FS, Nasaruddin MZ, Idris MR, Tusimin M, Tumian NR, Mahdy ZA

J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2012 Mar;38(3):490-7.

PMID: 22381102 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01740.x

To compare the numbers of cord blood CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) between preeclampsia (PE) and control (non-PE) subjects and to determine the factors that may influence this observation.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Complete mole with a coexistent normal fetus: a case report

Rahman RA, Ahmad S, Ismail NA, Mahdy ZA

J Reprod Med, 2012 Sep-Oct;57(9-10):456-8.

PMID: 23091998

The incidence of a coexistent normal fetus is quoted in literature as 1 in 22,000 to 100,000 pregnancies and may be associated with multiple complications including persistent trophoblastic neoplasia.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Psychosocial impact of perinatal loss among Muslim women

Sutan R, Miskam HM

BMC Womens Health, 2012;12:15.

PMID: 22708998 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-12-15

Women of reproductive age are vulnerable to psychosocial problems, but these have remained largely unexplored in Muslim women in developing countries. The aim of this study was to explore and describe psychosocial impact and social support following perinatal loss among Muslim women.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Review of advantages of Joel-Cohen surgical abdominal incision in caesarean section: a basic science perspective

Karanth KL, Sathish N

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Sep;65(3):204-8.

PMID: 21939169

Caesarean section is a common operation and the best postoperative outcomes are desired. Surgical techniques have been devised or modified to reduce operative and post operative discomfort. Many studies have evaluated or compared the Joel-Cohen abdominal incision with Pfannenstiel incision and found the former to be superior for various reasons such as less postoperative febrile morbidity, less analgesia requirements, shorter operating time, less intra operative blood loss and adhesion formation, reduction in hospital stay and wound infection in the group undergoing Caesarean section by this technique. This study is to find whether better postoperative outcomes of the Joel-Cohen incision group can be justified by the explanations of fundamentals of the basic sciences. Literature was reviewed for randomized clinical trials and review articles comparing the different kinds of abdominal incisions for Caesarean section. The study revealed that the Joel-Cohen method was beneficial. The fundamentals of basic sciences were studied to try to find an explanation to the enumerated advantages of the Joel-Cohen procedure; attributing to the differences in the techniques used.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Early life exposure to farm animals and symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema: an ISAAC Phase Three Study

Brunekreef B, Von Mutius E, Wong GK, Odhiambo JA, Clayton TO, ISAAC Phase Three Study Group

Int J Epidemiol, 2012 Jun;41(3):753-61.

PMID: 22287135 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr216

Associations between early life exposure to farm animals and respiratory symptoms and allergy in children have been reported in developed countries, but little is known about such associations in developing countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

An international view of surgically assisted conception and surrogacy tourism

Ahmad N

Med Leg J, 2011;79(Pt 4):135-45.

PMID: 22156300 DOI: 10.1258/mlj.2011.011029

Modern medicine, specifically assisted reproductive technology (ART), has overtaken the law in many jurisdictions around the world. New technologies and practices open a Pandora's Box of ethical, religious, social and legal questions, and may present a variety of significant legal problems to the courts and legislators. Surrogate motherhood and pregnancy through ART have both attracted controversy. Some groups condemn ART and want it banned while its supporters acknowledge there is a need for legislative guidelines and regulations. A proposed statute, the Assisted Reproductive Technique Services Act, aimed at regulating reproductive technologies, including surrogacy arrangements, will be introduced in the Malaysian parliament, probably in 2012, and the Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Bill 2010 is already before the Indian parliament. This paper will discuss several of the potential socio-legal issues surrounding ART in the light of the complex situation, with a comparative analysis of the Malaysian, USA, UK and Indian positions.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext The prevalence and characteristics associated with mother-infant bed-sharing in Klang district, Malaysia

Tan KL, Ghani SN, Moy FM

Med J Malaysia, 2009 Dec;64(4):311-5.

PMID: 20954557 MyJurnal

This was a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and characteristics of mother-infant bed-sharing practice in Klang district, Malaysia. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire for a four month period in 2006. A total of 682 mother-infant pairs attending government health clinics were included in the study. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, information on the infants, bed-sharing and breastfeeding practices were collected. The mean maternal age was 28.4 +/- 5.1 years while the mean infant gestational age was 38.8 +/- 1.8 weeks. The study showed the prevalence of bed-sharing was 73.5% (95% CI: 70.0, 76.7). In multivariate analysis; area of interview, maternal occupation, family income, breastfeeding and infant birth weight were associated with bed-sharing after adjusted for maternal ethnicity, age, marital status, educational level, parity, infant gender and infant gestational age. In conclusion, bed-sharing is a common practice in Klang district, Malaysia, not specific to ethnicity, but strongly associated with low family income and breastfeeding.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Preterm birth: mode of delivery and neonatal outcome

Sonkusare S, Rai L, Naik P

Med J Malaysia, 2009 Dec;64(4):303-6.

PMID: 20954555

To evaluate the perinatal outcome of premature babies according to the mode of delivery. A total of 113 pregnant women and 124 neonates who delivered from 30 to 35 weeks of gestation were enrolled and outcomes of 70 neonates born vaginally were compared to 54 neonates born by caesarean. Neonatal mortality rate was 20 percent for infants in caesarean group as compared to 10 percent for vaginal group. There was no significant difference in the neonatal morbidity among both the groups. Caesarean delivery cannot be routinely recommended, unless there are obstetric indications.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Antepartum fetal heart rate feature extraction and classification using empirical mode decomposition and support vector machine

Krupa N, Ali M, Zahedi E, Ahmed S, Hassan FM

Biomed Eng Online, 2011;10:6.

PMID: 21244712 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-10-6

Cardiotocography (CTG) is the most widely used tool for fetal surveillance. The visual analysis of fetal heart rate (FHR) traces largely depends on the expertise and experience of the clinician involved. Several approaches have been proposed for the effective interpretation of FHR. In this paper, a new approach for FHR feature extraction based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is proposed, which was used along with support vector machine (SVM) for the classification of FHR recordings as 'normal' or 'at risk'.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Umbilical vein oxytocin in the management of retained placenta: an alternative to manual removal of placenta?

Lim PS, Singh S, Lee A, Muhammad Yassin MA

Arch Gynecol Obstet, 2011 Nov;284(5):1073-9.

PMID: 21136267 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1785-6

Retained placenta is potentially life threatening due to possible complications associated with manual removal. Our aim was to determine whether umbilical vein injection of oxytocin in saline reduces the need for manual removal of placenta.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Is there a genetic variation association in the IL-10 and TNF alpha promoter gene with gestational diabetes mellitus?

Montazeri S, Nalliah S, Radhakrishnan AK

Hereditas, 2010 Apr;147(2):94-102.

PMID: 20536548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2009.02134.x

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as carbohydrate intolerance diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy, affects both maternal and fetal health. Possession of a specific genetic polymorphism can be a predisposing factor for susceptibility to some diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter gene of interleukin-10 (IL-10) as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) with the development of GDM. Two hundred and twelve consecutive series of eligible normal pregnant women (controls) and gestational diabetes mellitus women were selected based on the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. DNA was extracted from blood and genotyped for IL-10 at three positions and TNF alpha for gene polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Plasma levels of IL-10 and TNF alpha at different gestational periods as well as postpartum were quantified using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of the study showed that the difference in the frequency of SNP at position -597 in the promoter of the human IL-10 gene between the control and GDM groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the frequency of SNP at the other two sites in the promoter region of the human IL-10 gene (-824 and -1082) as well as position -308 in the promoter of the human TNF-alpha (p > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of plasma levels of IL-10 as well as TNF alpha in different stages of pregnancy. SNP at position -597 was significantly associated with the development of GDM and shows potential for use as a predictive marker for GDM.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Maternal uniparental heterodisomy of chromosome 6 in a boy with an isolated cleft lip and palate

Salahshourifar I, Halim AS, Sulaiman WA, Zilfalil BA

Am J Med Genet A, 2010 Jul;152A(7):1818-21.

PMID: 20583164 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33526

We describe a chromosome 6 uniparental disomy (UPD6) in a boy, discovered during a screening for the genetic cause of cleft lip and palate. In the medical literature, almost all documented cases of UPD6 are paternal in origin, and only four were maternal. We present here a report of complete maternal chromosome 6 uniparental heterodisomy. Haplotype analysis was performed using highly polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers that span both arms of chromosome 6. Analysis of these markers revealed the presence of two maternal alleles but no paternal allele, indicating an instance of maternal uniparental heterodisomy. Chromosome analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes confirmed a normal male karyotype. Advanced maternal age at the time of the infant's birth and heterodisomy of markers around the centromere favors a meiosis-I error. No specific phenotype has been reported for maternal UPD6. Therefore, the cleft lip and palate in the present case probably occurred due to other risk factors. This report provides further evidence that maternal UPD6 has no specific clinical consequences and adds to the collective knowledge of this rare chromosomal finding.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext Hypertensive retinopathy and visual outcome in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy

Rasdi AR, Nik-Ahmad-Zuky NL, Bakiah S, Shatriah I

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Mar;66(1):42-7.

PMID: 23765142 MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy, features of hypertensive retinopathy and visual outcome in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia. A prospective observational hospital based study involving 154 patients (308 eyes) with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was conducted. All subjects were examined once during antenatal period, at a minimum of 35 weeks of gestation for blood pressure, visual acuity and funduscopy. The similar protocol was repeated at six weeks postnatal period. Thirty-two point five percent had hypertensive retinopathy. Ninety eight percent had visual acuity 6/6 during antenatal assessment, while 100.00% gained 6/6 at postnatal period. Generalized arteriolar narrowing was the most common retinopathy observed. There was no statistically significant association between presence of hypertensive retinopathy and maternal age, presenting visual acuity, systolic/diastolic blood pressure (p>0.05). We conclude that prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy is 32.5%, and majority had good visual acuity during antenatal and postnatal period. Hypertensive retinopathy is insignificantly associated with maternal age, presenting visual acuity and blood pressure.
Study site: Ophthalmology Clinic, Antenatal Clinic and Obstetric Ward of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Analysis of semi-automated method for femur length measurement from foetal ultrasound

Rahmatullah B, Besar R

J Med Eng Technol, 2009;33(6):417-25.

PMID: 19637083 DOI: 10.1080/03091900802451232

The motivation of this paper is to analyse the efficiency and reliability of our proposed algorithm of femur length (FL) measurement for the estimation of gestational age. The automated methods are divided into the following components: threshold, segmentation and extraction. Each component is examined, and improvements are made with the objective of finding the optimal result for FL measurement. The methods are tested with a total of 200 different digitized ultrasound images from our database collection. Overall, the study shows that the watershed-based segmentation method combined with enhanced femur extraction algorithm and a 12 x 12 block averaging seed-point threshold method perform identically well with the expert measurements for every image tested and superior as compared to a previous method.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

Fulltext The prevalence and factors associated with obesity among adult women in Selangor, Malaysia

Sidik SM, Rampal L

Asia Pac Fam Med, 2009 Apr 09;8(1):2.

PMID: 19358728 DOI: 10.1186/1447-056X-8-2

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of obesity in developing countries especially among women is on the rise. This matter should be taken seriously because it can burden the health care systems and lower the quality of life.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity among adult women in Selangor and to determine factors associated with obesity among these women.

METHODS: This community based cross sectional study was conducted in Selangor in January 2004. Multi stage stratified proportionate to size sampling method was used. Women aged 20-59 years old were included in this study. Data was collected using a questionnaire-guided interview method. The questionnaire consisted of questions on socio-demographic (age, ethnicity, religion, education level, occupation, monthly income, marital status), Obstetric & Gynaecology history, body mass index (BMI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

RESULTS: Out of 1032 women, 972 agreed to participate in this study, giving a response rate of 94.2%. The mean age was 37.91 +/- 10.91. The prevalence of obesity among the respondents was 16.7% (mean = 1.83 +/- 0.373). Obesity was found to be significantly associated with age (p = 0.013), ethnicity (p = 0.001), religion (p = 0.002), schooling (p = 0.020), educational level (p = 0.016), marital status (p = 0.001) and the history of suffering a miscarriage within the past 6 months (p = 0.023).

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obesity among adult women in this study was high. This problem needs to be emphasized as the prevalence of obesity keeps increasing, and will continue to worsen unless appropriate preventive measures are taken.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy

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