Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 1328 in total

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  1. Fulltext Effect of national wealth on BMI: An analysis of 206,266 individuals in 70 low-, middle- and high-income countries
    Masood M, Reidpath DD
    PLoS One, 2017;12(6):e0178928.
    PMID: 28662041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178928
    BACKGROUND: This study explores the relationship between BMI and national-wealth and the cross-level interaction effect of national-wealth and individual household-wealth using multilevel analysis.

    METHODS: Data from the World Health Survey conducted in 2002-2004, across 70 low-, middle- and high-income countries was used. Participants aged 18 years and over were selected using multistage, stratified cluster sampling. BMI was used as outcome variable. The potential determinants of individual-level BMI were participants' sex, age, marital-status, education, occupation, household-wealth and location(rural/urban) at the individual-level. The country-level factors used were average national income (GNI-PPP) and income inequality (Gini-index). A two-level random-intercepts and fixed-slopes model structure with individuals nested within countries was fitted, treating BMI as a continuous outcome.

    RESULTS: The weighted mean BMI and standard-error of the 206,266 people from 70-countries was 23.90 (4.84). All the low-income countries were below the 25.0 mean BMI level and most of the high-income countries were above. All wealthier quintiles of household-wealth had higher scores in BMI than lowest quintile. Each USD10000 increase in GNI-PPP was associated with a 0.4 unit increase in BMI. The Gini-index was not associated with BMI. All these variables explained 28.1% of country-level, 4.9% of individual-level and 7.7% of total variance in BMI. The cross-level interaction effect between GNI-PPP and household-wealth was significant. BMI increased as the GNI-PPP increased in first four quintiles of household-wealth. However, the BMI of the wealthiest people decreased as the GNI-PPP increased.

    CONCLUSION: Both individual-level and country-level factors made an independent contribution to the BMI of the people. Household-wealth and national-income had significant interaction effects.

    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries*
  2. Fulltext Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture
    Iskandar K, Molinier L, Hallit S, Sartelli M, Hardcastle TC, Haque M, et al.
    Antimicrob Resist Infect Control, 2021 03 31;10(1):63.
    PMID: 33789754 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00931-w
    Data on comprehensive population-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is lacking. In low- and middle-income countries, the challenges are high due to weak laboratory capacity, poor health systems governance, lack of health information systems, and limited resources. Developing countries struggle with political and social dilemma, and bear a high health and economic burden of communicable diseases. Available data are fragmented and lack representativeness which limits their use to advice health policy makers and orientate the efficient allocation of funding and financial resources on programs to mitigate resistance. Low-quality data means soaring rates of antimicrobial resistance and the inability to track and map the spread of resistance, detect early outbreaks, and set national health policy to tackle resistance. Here, we review the barriers and limitations of conducting effective antimicrobial resistance surveillance, and we highlight multiple incremental approaches that may offer opportunities to strengthen population-based surveillance if tailored to the context of each country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries*
  3. Competency-based training of health professions teachers in seven developing countries
    Vanderschmidt L, Massey JA, Arias J, Duong T, Haddad J, Noche LK, et al.
    Am J Public Health, 1979 Jun;69(6):585-90.
    PMID: 443499
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries*
  4. Fulltext The Menace of Schistosomiasis in Nigeria: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Schistosomiasis among Rural Communities in Kano State
    Dawaki S, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Ithoi I, Ibrahim J, Abdulsalam AM, Ahmed A, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(11):e0143667.
    PMID: 26606264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143667
    Schistosomiasis is one of the most common neglected tropical diseases, especially in the developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America, with Nigeria having the greatest number of cases of schistosomiasis worldwide. This community-based study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding schistosomiasis among rural Hausa communities in Kano State, Nigeria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  5. Fulltext Low vision rehabilitation and ocular problems among industrial workers in a developing country
    Omar R, Knight VF, Aziz Mohammed MA
    Malays Fam Physician, 2014;9(3):27-33.
    PMID: 26425302 MyJurnal
    Work-related ocular injuries and illnesses were among the major causes of job absenteeism. This study was conducted to determine if low vision rehabilitation was provided following work-related ocular problems among industrial workers in a developing country. This was a retrospective analysis of case records.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  6. Maternal health: a missed opportunity for development
    Grépin KA, Klugman J
    Lancet, 2013 May 18;381(9879):1691-3.
    PMID: 23683617 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60981-2
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  7. Gender disparities and thrombolysis use among patient with first-ever ischemic stroke in Malaysia
    Aziz ZA, Lee YY, Sidek NN, Ngah BA, Looi I, Hanip MR, et al.
    Neurol Res, 2016 May;38(5):406-13.
    PMID: 27142804 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1178948
    Gender as an independent predictor in stroke has been well documented. However, data on gender differences among first-ever ischemic stroke in developing country are limited. We aim to describe gender effects on clinical characteristics, thrombolysis treatment received, and outcomes of patients with first-ever ischemic stroke.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  8. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Food-handlers in Shiraz, Iran
    Motazedian MH, Najjari M, Ebrahimipour M, Asgari Q, Mojtabavi S, Mansouri M
    Iran J Parasitol, 2015 Oct-Dec;10(4):652-7.
    PMID: 26811734
    Parasitic intestinal infections are still among socioeconomic problems in the world, especially in developing countries like Iran. Food-handlers that directly deal with production and distribution of foods between societies are one of the most important sources to transmit parasitic infections to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among food-handlers in Shiraz, Iran.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  9. Optimal radiotherapy utilisation rate in developing countries: An IAEA study
    Rosenblatt E, Barton M, Mackillop W, Fidarova E, Cordero L, Yarney J, et al.
    Radiother Oncol, 2015 Jul;116(1):35-7.
    PMID: 26164776 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.06.012
    Optimal radiotherapy utilisation rate (RTU) is the proportion of all cancer cases that should receive radiotherapy. Optimal RTU was estimated for 9 Middle Income Countries as part of a larger IAEA project to better understand RTU and stage distribution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  10. The Kra Isthmus Canal: A New Strategic Solution for China's Energy Consumption Scenario?
    Lau CY, Lee JW
    Environ Manage, 2016 Jan;57(1):1-20.
    PMID: 26280310 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0591-0
    This paper is a conceptual study that examines the viability of the construction of the Kra Isthmus within the context of the five dimensions of megaproject success of Sovacool and Cooper (The governance of energy megaprojects: politics, hubris, and energy security, 2013)-social (governance), technological (systems), democratic (politics), externalities (economics, ecology), and risks assessments (accountability), and its possible impact on China's strategic energy supply chain. One of the objectives of this study is also to discuss the current impacts, perceived benefits, and risks of China's dependence on its multinational and transnational pipelines. China could see the construction of Kra Canal as an alternative option for its strategic sourcing activities especially crude oil and gas at much lower costs. The megaproject would become a passageway that connects the Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea, and the Gulf of Siam at the choke point of Isthmus region in Thailand. However, this megaproject could also trigger the internal conflicts of Thailand, and affect the ASEAN countries' political and economic relationships.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  11. [Malaysia viewed from the eyes of an occupational health expert on JICA short-term dispatch program]
    Kishi R
    Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi, 2003 May;78(3):263-5.
    PMID: 12795178
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  12. Mycobacterial infection
    Mahayiddin AA
    Malays J Pathol, 1996 Jun;18(1):17-9.
    PMID: 10879219
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  13. Science, politics, and radiation
    Wagner HN
    JAMA, 1988 Aug 5;260(5):697-8.
    PMID: 3392799
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  14. Training and education of occupational health and safety personnel in a developing country
    Lim Heng Huat
    J R Soc Health, 1983 Dec;103(6):246-8.
    PMID: 6644735
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  15. Health problems of agricultural workers in Malaysia
    Lim HH
    Trop Geogr Med, 1983 Mar;35(1):83-9.
    PMID: 6612777
    The present paper reviews the health problems of rural agricultural workers in Malaysia. As is common with most developing countries, the agricultural sector forms the pillar of the national economy in Malaysia, the major products being rubber, palm oil, rice and timber. Most of the agricultural workers, who form the largest occupational group in the country, live in the rural areas under poor socioeconomic and environmental conditions. Their general health problems include large families, substandard housing, overcrowding, lack of piped water supply and sanitary excreta disposal, malnutrition and prevalent diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery and parasitic infections. The specific occupational health problems include infectious diseases, agricultural accidents, pesticide poisonings, physical hazards, keratitis nummularis and snake-bites. The organization of agricultural health services in developing countries is also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  16. The Kuznets process in Malaysia
    Randolph S
    J Dev Areas, 1990 Oct;25(1):15-31.
    PMID: 12290855
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  17. Population policy summaries of countries of the ESCAP region
    Popul Manag, 1987 Dec;1(2):5-14.
    PMID: 12283527
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  18. Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) (Amendment) Act, 1986 (No. A650)
    Malaysia
    Annu Rev Popul Law, 1989;16:58.
    PMID: 12344476
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  19. [Multi-household compound and family circle]
    Kuchiba M, Maeda N
    Tonan Ajia Kenkyu, 1980 Sep;18(2):186-205.
    PMID: 12265219
    PIP: The nature of the family in Southeast Asia is examined by reviewing the work of Koichi Mizuno on multi-household compounds in Northeast Thailand in comparison with groupings among Kedah Malays. The authors conclude that the family among Thais and Malays is a flexible, social circle of interwoven dyadic relations and that it can take a variety of grouping pattterns according to circumstances
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
  20. Fulltext COVID-19 Pandemic Recession and Recovery
    Jomo KS, Chowdhury A
    Development (Rome), 2020 Nov 16.
    PMID: 33223764 DOI: 10.1057/s41301-020-00262-0
    This review draws pragmatic lessons for developing countries to address COVID-19-induced recessions and to sustain a developmental recovery. These recessions are unique, caused initially by supply disruptions, largely due to government-imposed 'stay-in-shelter lockdowns'. These have interacted with falling incomes and demand, declining exports (and imports), collapsing commodity prices, shrinking travel and tourism, decreasing remittances and foreign exchange shortages. Highlighting implications for employment, wellbeing and development, it argues that governments need to design comprehensive relief measures and recovery policies to address short-term problems. These should prevent cash-flow predicaments from becoming full-blown solvency crises. Instead of returning to the status quo ante, developing countries' capacities and capabilities need to be enhanced to address long-term sustainable development challenges. Multilateral financial institutions should intermediate with financial sources at low cost to supplement the International Monetary Fund's Special Drawing Rights to lower borrowing costs for relief and recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Developing Countries
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