Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 1377 in total

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  1. Effect of aqueous extract of Dicranopteris linearis leaves against paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity in rats
    Ismail NA, Shamsahal-Din NS, Mamat SS, Zabidi Z, Wan Zainulddin WN, Kamisan FH, et al.
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2014 Jul;27(4):831-5.
    PMID: 25015448
    The present study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of Dicranopteris linearis L. (family Gleicheniaceae) leaf aqueous extract (DLAE) using two models of liver injury in rats. Rats were divided into ten groups (n=6) and received dH2O (negative control), 200 mg/kg silymarin (positive control) or DLAE (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg) orally once daily for 7 consecutive days and on the 8th day subjected to the hepatotoxic induction either using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or paracetamol (PCM). The bloods and livers were collected and subjected to biochemical and microscopical analysis. From the data obtained, only the highest dose of DLAE significantly (P<0.05) reduced the ALP, ALT and AST levels in CCl4-and PCM-induced hepatotoxic rats while the other doses caused significant (P<0.05) reduction only in the levels of ALT and AST. The histological results obtained were in line with the biochemical analysis wherein reduction in the CCl4- and PCM-induced tissue formation of necrosis, steatosis and inflammation occurred in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the DLAE possesses hepatoprotective activity, which could be attributed to its free radicals scavenging and antioxidant activities, and high flavonoids content. Thus, in-depth studies regarding the hepatoprotective activity of DLAE are warranted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects; Liver/pathology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/pathology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control*
  2. Fulltext Histopathological study of the hepatic and renal toxicity associated with the co-administration of imatinib and acetaminophen in a preclinical mouse model
    Nassar I, Pasupati T, Judson JP, Segarra I
    Malays J Pathol, 2010 Jun;32(1):1-11.
    PMID: 20614720 MyJurnal
    Imatinib, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the first line treatment against chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Several fatal cases have been associated with imatinib hepatotoxicity. Acetaminophen, an over-the-counter analgesic, anti-pyretic drug, which can cause hepatotoxicity, is commonly used in cancer pain management. We assessed renal and hepatic toxicity after imatinib and acetaminophen co-administration in a preclinical model. Four groups of male ICR mice (30-35 g) were fasted overnight and administered either saline solution orally (baseline control), imatinib 100 mg/kg orally (control), acetaminophen 700 mg/kg intraperitoneally (positive control) or co-administered imatinib 100 mg/kg orally and acetaminophen 700 mg/kg intraperitoneally (study group), and sacrificed at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 6 h post-administration (n = 4 per time point). The liver and kidneys were harvested for histopathology assessment. The liver showed reversible cell damage like feathery degeneration, microvesicular fatty change, sinusoidal congestion and pyknosis, when imatinib or acetaminophen were administered separately. The damage increased gradually with time, peaked at 2 h but resolved by 4 h. When both drugs were administered concurrently, the liver showed irreversible damage (cytolysis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis) which did not resolve by 6 h. Very minor renal changes were observed. Acetaminophen and imatinib co-administration increased hepatoxicity which become irreversible, probably due to shared P450 biotransformation pathways and transporters in the liver.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects*; Liver/pathology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/etiology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/pathology
  3. Impact of leptin receptor gene variants on risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its interaction with adiponutrin gene
    Zain SM, Mohamed Z, Mahadeva S, Cheah PL, Rampal S, Chin KF, et al.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2013 May;28(5):873-9.
    PMID: 23278404 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12104
    Genetic polymorphism has been implicated as a factor for the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study attempted to assess whether polymorphisms in the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene and its combined effect with patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3/adiponutrin) are associated with risk of NAFLD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Liver/genetics*; Fatty Liver/pathology; Liver/pathology; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  4. Fulltext Fructose-Drinking Water Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Ultrastructural Alteration of Hepatocyte Mitochondria in Male Wistar Rat
    Mamikutty N, Thent ZC, Haji Suhaimi F
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:895961.
    PMID: 26273656 DOI: 10.1155/2015/895961
    BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the complications of the metabolic syndrome. It encompasses a wide range of disease spectrum from simple steatosis to liver cirrhosis. Structural alteration of hepatic mitochondria might be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

    AIMS: In the present study, we used a newly established model of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in male Wistar rats in order to investigate the ultrastructural changes in hepatic mitochondria that occur with fructose consumption and their association with NAFLD pathogenesis.

    METHODS: The concentration of fructose-drinking water (FDW) used in this study was 20%. Six male Wistar rats were supplemented with FDW 20% for eight weeks. Body composition and metabolic parameters were measured before and after 8 weeks of FDW 20%. Histomorphology of the liver was evaluated and ultrastructural changes of mitochondria were assessed with transmission electron micrograph.

    RESULTS: After 8 weeks of fructose consumption, the animals developed several features of the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, fructose consumption led to the development of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial ultrastructural changes, such as increase in mitochondrial size, disruption of the cristae, and reduction of matrix density.

    CONCLUSION: We conclude that in male Wistar rat 8-week consumption of FDW 20% leads to NAFLD likely via mitochondrial structural alteration.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects*; Mitochondria, Liver/ultrastructure*; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/chemically induced*; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology*
  5. Immunohistochemical expression of pi class glutathione S-transferase and alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease
    Yusof YA, Yan KL, Hussain SN
    Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol., 2003 Dec;25(6):332-8.
    PMID: 14714299
    To determine whether tumor marker pi glutathione transferase (GST-pi) is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other chronic liver diseases and to compare its expression with that of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Cirrhosis/enzymology; Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism*; Liver Neoplasms/enzymology; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism*
  6. Fulltext New concepts of hepatic amoebiasis
    Balasegaram M
    Ann Surg, 1972 Apr;175(4):528-34.
    PMID: 4259839
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/surgery; Liver Abscess, Amebic/diagnosis*; Liver Abscess, Amebic/surgery*; Liver Regeneration
  7. Liver stiffness measurement in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Two is better than one
    Chuah KH, Lai LL, Vethakkan SR, Nik Mustapha NR, Mahadeva S, Chan WK
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020 Aug;35(8):1404-1411.
    PMID: 31907981 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14978
    BACKGROUND AND AIM: Repeating liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was recently reported to improve accuracy to diagnose fibrosis stage in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are to date no other studies confirming this finding. This aims to evaluate the accuracy of repeating LSM for the diagnosis of fibrosis stage in NAFLD patients.

    METHODS: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on adult NAFLD patients who had two FibroScan examination within 6 months prior to liver biopsy. F3-F4 fibrosis was excluded using LSM cut-off of 7.9 kPa.

    RESULTS: A total of 136 patients were recruited. Eighty-five percent (115/136) of patients had high baseline LSM (≥ 7.9 kPa). Among them, 25% (29/115) had low repeat LSM (liver biopsy, will be able to reduce the number of patients being considered for liver biopsy from 85% to 63%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value based on only the baseline scan was 98%, 22%, 37%, and 95%, respectively, while based on the strategy of repeating LSM was 93%, 51%, 48%, and 94%, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: False positive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients can be reduced, and unnecessary liver biopsy can be avoided by repeating LSM.

    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/pathology*; Liver/physiopathology*; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/physiopathology
  8. Effect of tocotrienols on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene in rats
    Ngah WZ, Jarien Z, San MM, Marzuki A, Top GM, Shamaan NA, et al.
    Am J Clin Nutr, 1991 04;53(4 Suppl):1076S-1081S.
    PMID: 1672785 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/53.4.1076S
    The effects of tocotrienols on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats fed with 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) were followed morphologically and histologically for a period of 20 wk. No differences between treated and control rats in the morphology and histology of their livers was observed. Cell damage was extensive in the livers of AAF-treated rats but less extensive in the AAF-tocotrienols-treated rats when compared with normal and tocotrienols-treated rats. 2-Acetylaminofluorene significantly increases the activities of both plasma and liver microsomal gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and liver microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UDP-GT). Tocotrienols administered together with AAF significantly decrease the activities of plasma GGT after 12 and 20 wk (P less than 0.01, P less than 0.002, respectively) and liver microsomal UDP-GT after 20 wk (P less than 0.02) when compared with the controls and with rats treated only with tocotrienols. Liver microsomal GGT also showed a similar pattern to liver microsomal UDP-GT but the decrease was not significant. These results suggest that tocotrienols administered to AAF-treated rats reduce the severity of hepatocarcinogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/enzymology; Liver/ultrastructure; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control*; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/ultrastructure
  9. Fulltext Amebic Liver abscess Complicated by Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis: A Case Report
    Ray S, Khanra D, Saha M, Talukdar A
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):524-5.
    PMID: 23770872
    Amebic liver abscess is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of infection with Entamoeba histolytica. It is a common disease, especially in endemic areas, but it is a rare cause of inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction, with only a few cases appearing in the literature. The authors describe a case of amebic liver abscess in a patient who developed a rare vascular complication of inferior vena cava thrombosis. The case responded to conservative treatment and radiological intervention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Abscess, Amebic*
  10. Fulltext Primary hepatic angiosarcoma: difficulty in clinical, radiological, and pathological diagnosis
    Yang KF, Leow VM, Hasnan MN, Subramaniam MK
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):127-8.
    PMID: 22582567 MyJurnal
    Hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare primary mesenchymal malignancy. Prognosis is poor and mortality occurs early. The diagnosis is challenging. Our case was an asymptomatic 70 year-old man referred, with incidental ultrasonography finding of multiple liver nodules. Diagnostic laparoscopic liver biopsy and the histopathological examination reported a haemangioma. Six months later, he became symptomatic and his health condition deteriorated rapidly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  11. Fulltext Computed tomography (CT) in blunt liver injury: a pictorial essay
    Radhiana H, Azian AA, Razali MR, Kamariah CM
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):319-25.
    PMID: 21901958
    Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in assessing clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. In these patients, liver is one of the commonest organs being injured and CT can accurately identify and assess the extent of the injury. The CT features of blunt liver trauma include laceration, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage and vascular injuries. Widespread use of CT has notably influenced the management of blunt liver injury from routine surgical to nonsurgical management. We present pictorial illustrations of various liver injuries depicted on CT in patients with blunt trauma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/injuries*
  12. Fulltext A fatal case of chikungunya virus infection with liver involvement
    Chua HH, Abdul Rashid K, Law WC, Hamizah A, Chem YK, Khairul AH, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Mar;65(1):83-4.
    PMID: 21265260 MyJurnal
    Recovery from chikungunya is previously considered universal and mortality due to the virus is rare and unusual. Findings from recent chikungunya outbreaks occurred in Reunion Island and India have since challenged the conventional view on the benign nature of the illness. Malaysia has experienced at least of 4 outbreaks of chikungunya since 1998. In the present on-going large outbreak due to chikungunya virus of Central/East African genotype, a previous healthy sixty six years gentleman without co-morbidity was noted to have severe systemic infection by the virus and involvement of his liver. He subsequently passed away due to cardiovascular collapse after 5 days of illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/etiology*
  13. The protective role of Tropaeolum majus on blood and liver toxicity induced by diethyl maleate in rats
    Koriem KM, Arbid MS, El-Gendy NF
    Toxicol. Mech. Methods, 2010 Nov;20(9):579-86.
    PMID: 20883155 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.518171
    The protective role of Tropaelum majus (T.majus) methyl alcohol extract and vitamin E in the case of toxic effect induced by diethyl maleate was evaluated. Forty-two male albino rats were divided into seven groups of six rats each for 15 days. Group 1: normal control group. Group 2: taken daily oral dose of paraffin oil (0.25ml/100g b.wt rat). Group 3: received daily oral dose of vitamin E (100mg/kg b.wt rat). Group 4: taken daily oral dose of 10% of the LD50 of T.majus methyl alcohol extract. Groups 5–7: injected intra-peritoneally with diethyl maleate (5 μl/100g b.wt rat) but groups 6 and 7 received a daily oral dose of either vitamin E or 10% of the LD50 of T.majus methyl alcohol extract 1h prior to diethyl maleate injection. The present results revealed that diethyl maleate induced serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases enzymes activities decreased in serum, but their activities in the hepatic tissue showed an increase. Glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels showed a decrease, but thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level showed an increase in both serum and liver tissue. Serum and liver proteins decreased in serum and liver tissue. A significant decrease in blood parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, as well as red and white blood cells) and serum glucose occurred. Histopathological results showed that diethyl maleate induced a hoop of edema in the hepatic periportal area; while T.majus methyl alcohol extract or vitamin E prior to diethyl maleate injection shift blood and liver toxicity induced by diethyl maleate towards normal values and preserved hepatic lobular architecture. In conclusion, pre-treatment with either T.majus methyl alcohol extract or vitamin E provide protection against blood and liver toxicity induced by diethyl maleate in rats, these results were confirmed by histological examinations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects*; Liver/metabolism; Liver/pathology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/metabolism; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/pathology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control*
  14. Liver abscess caused by tuberculosis and melioidosis
    Azali HY, Norly S, Wong LM, Tan KS, Safian NM
    Asian J Surg, 2007 Apr;30(2):138-40.
    PMID: 17475585
    We report an unusual co-existence of Burkholderia pseudomallei and acid fast bacilli in a young Malay gentleman with liver abscess. He was treated with antibiotics and surgical drainage. This phenomenon has not been reported in previous literature and the dilemma of its management is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Abscess/microbiology*
  15. Involvement of phenobarbital and SKF 525A in the hepatotoxicity of antifungal drugs itraconazole and fluconazole in rats
    Somchit N, Wong CW, Zuraini A, Ahmad Bustamam A, Hasiah AH, Khairi HM, et al.
    Drug Chem Toxicol, 2006;29(3):237-53.
    PMID: 16777703
    Itraconazole and fluconazole are potent wide spectrum antifungal drugs. Both of these drugs induce hepatotoxicity clinically. The mechanism underlying the hepatotoxicity is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of phenobarbital (PB), an inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP), and SKF 525A, an inhibitor of CYP, in the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by these two drugs in vivo. Rats were pretreated with PB (75 mg/kg for 4 days) prior to itraconazole or fluconazole dosing (20 and 200 mg/kg for 4 days). In the inhibition study, for 4 consecutive days, rats were pretreated with SKF 525A (50 mg/kg) or saline followed by itraconazole or fluconazole (20 and 200 mg/kg) Dose-dependent increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and in liver weight were detected in rats receiving itraconazole treatment. Interestingly, pretreatment with PB prior to itraconazole reduced the ALT and gamma-GT activities and the liver weight of rats. No changes were observed in rats treated with fluconazole. Pretreatment with SKF 525A induced more severe hepatotoxicity for both itraconazole and fluconazole. CYP 3A activity was inhibited dose-dependently by itraconazole treatment. Itraconazole had no effects on the activity of CYP 1A and 2E. Fluconazole potently inhibited all three isoenzymes of CYP. PB plays a role in hepatoprotection to itraconazole-induced but not fluconazole-induced hepatotoxicity. SKF 525A enhanced the hepatotoxicity of both antifungal drugs in vivo. Therefore, it can be concluded that inhibition of CYP may play a key role in the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by itraconazole and fluconazole.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver/drug effects; Liver/enzymology; Microsomes, Liver/enzymology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/enzymology; Drug-Induced Liver Injury/pathology*
  16. Liver transplantation in children
    Boey CC
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:90-3.
    PMID: 16108184
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Failure/surgery*
  17. EUS and hepatobiliary disease
    Ponnudurai R
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:81-2.
    PMID: 16108181
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/ultrasonography*
  18. Fulltext Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma
    Merican I
    Med J Malaysia, 1996 Mar;51(1):12-7.
    PMID: 10967973
    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest cancers in Asian males. In Malaysia, it is one of the ten most common cancers amongst the male population. Most of our patients with HCC present to us rather late and almost all die within 4 months of diagnosis. HCC occurs more commonly in patients with cirrhosis associated with hepatitis B and C infections. Screening for HCC can lead to early detection of small tumours (< 5 cm) that are more amenable to surgical resection, resulting in improved survival rates. The average 5-year survival rate for those who have undergone surgical resection is 68% (range, 22-73%). Better results are obtained with the smaller tumours (< 2 cm in diameter). Patients with chronic hepatitis B and C infection especially those who are > 45 years of age, who have concomitant cirrhosis or have a family history of HCC should be examined every 3-6 months with periodic serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) measurements and abdominal ultrasound examinations. Abdominal ultrasound is useful in the detection of small tumours. While mass screening for HCC is not cost-effective in countries of low incidence of HCC, screening of high risk groups may be justified in countries with a high endemicity of HBV infection. Screening for HCC in Japan, Taiwan and China appears to yield better results than those in the West. Nonetheless, primary prevention with mass hepatitis B vaccination and blood donor screening for anti-HCV is expected to make a much greater impact in the control of HCC in the years to come.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  19. Fulltext Ultrasound diagnosis of liver and biliary tract lesions
    Md Alif AK
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Jun;36(2):100-3.
    PMID: 7343816
    Over a two year period, 323 livers were examined using ultrasound. Majority of these cases were icteric and ultrasound could distinguish obstructive from non-obstructive jaundice. Primary and secondary liver tumours were also detected. Liver abscesses, and radiolucent gallstones were picked up by ultrasound, the areas under study being scanned using standard methods as outlined by various ultrasonographists.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/diagnosis*
  20. Fulltext Ultrasonographic findings of liver abscess
    Sakijan AS
    Med J Malaysia, 1988 Dec;43(4):332-7.
    PMID: 3071729
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Abscess/diagnosis*
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