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Fulltext Gene expression profiling on effect of aspirin on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

Abd Rahman F

BDJ Open, 2021 Sep 16;7(1):35.
PMID: 34531365 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00090-5

Periodontal ligament (PDL) contains a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as PDL stem cells (PDLSCs). The regenerative properties of PDLSCs hold great potential for its use in stem cells based therapy, particularly for periodontal or bone regeneration. The present study investigated the global gene expression profile in PDLSCs during osteogenic differentiation. MSCs from PDL were isolated from normal permanent human teeth (n = 3). Microarray analysis was used to study the effects of ASA (200, 500, and 1000 μM) on the gene expression profiles in PDLSCs during osteogenic differentiation. Microarray study revealed that ASA was able to modulate PDLSCs gene expression profile. At 200 µM, 315 genes were dysregulated genes (DE), involving 151 upregulated and 164 downregulated genes. At 500 µM, 794 genes were DE, involving of 364 upregulated and 430 downregulated genes. At 1000 µM, the number of DE genes increased to 2035, of which 735 were upregulated and 1300 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analyses of the gene expression data revealed that the majority of DE genes (for 500 and 1000 µM ASA treatment) are involved in osteogenic differentiation. The gene network analysis was carried out using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software, and this revealed that the number of gene groups involved in cell adhesion and extracellular matrix components were increased. This study indicated that ASA could enhance PDLSCs functions and provide evidence for the potential use of ASA with PDLSCs for regenerative dentistry applications, particularly in the areas of periodontal health and regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) Aspirin (ASA) Microarray Osteogenic.
Fulltext Mathematical modelling of molybdenum reduction to Mo-blue by a cyanide-degrading bacterium

Yakasai, H.M., Karamba, K.I., Yasid, N.A., Abd. Rahman, F., Shukor, M.Y., Halmi, M.I.E.

Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 2016;4(2):1-5.
MyJurnal

Molybdenum, an emerging pollutant, has being demonstrated recently to be toxic to
spermatogenesis in several animal model systems. Metal mines especially gold mine often use
cyanide and hence isolation of metal-reducing and cyanide-degrading bacteria can be useful for
the bioremediation of these pollutants. Preliminary screening shows that three cyanide-degrading
bacteria were able to reduce molybdenum to molybdenum blue (Mo-blue) when grown on a
molybdate low phosphate minimal salts media. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene of
the best reducer indicates that it belongs to the Serratia genus. A variety of mathematical models
such as logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Schnute, Baranyi-Roberts, von Bertalanffy, Buchanan
three-phase and Huang were used to model molybdenum reduction, and the best model based on
statistical analysis was modified Gompertz with lowest values for RMSE and AICc, highest
adjusted R2 values, with Bias Factor and Accuracy Factor nearest to unity (1.0). The reduction
constants obtained from the model will be used to carry out secondary modelling to study the
effect of various parameters such as substrate, pH and temperature to molybdenum reduction.
Reliability of postural measures in elite badminton players using Posture Pro 8

Hébert-Losier K, Abd Rahman F

Physiother Theory Pract, 2018 Jun;34(6):483-494.
PMID: 29281461 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1420117

The Posture Pro software is used for photogrammetry assessment of posture and has been commercially available for several years. Along with symmetry-related measures, a Posture Number® is calculated to reflect the sum of postural deviations. Our aim was to investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of measures extracted using the Posture Pro 8 software without using reference markers on subjects. Four raters assessed the standing posture of 40 badminton players (20 males, 20 females) from anterior, lateral, and posterior photographs. Thirty-three postural measures were extracted using visual landmarks as guide. Reliability was quantified using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and typical error of measurement (TEM). Overall, the intra-rater reliability was considered good to excellent for nearly all measures. However, only two measures had excellent inter-rater reliability, with 13 and 18 measures exhibiting good and fair inter-rater reliability, respectively. Posture Pro specific measures (n = 9) exhibited good-to-excellent intra-rater and fair-to-excellent inter-rater reliability, with small-to-moderate and small-to-large TEM, respectively. Overall, the Posture Pro 8 software can be considered a reliable tool for assessing a range of posture-relevant measures from photographs, particularly when performed by the same examiner. The Posture Number® demonstrated generally acceptable intra- and inter-rater reliability. Nonetheless, investigations on the validity, sensitivity, and interpretation of this measure are essential to confirm its clinical relevance.
Aspirin Enhances Osteogenic Potential of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) and Modulates the Expression Profile of Growth Factor-Associated Genes in PDLSCs

Abd Rahman F, Mohd Ali J, Abdullah M, Abu Kasim NH, Musa S

J. Periodontol., 2016 07;87(7):837-47.
PMID: 26846966 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150610

BACKGROUND: This study investigates the effects of aspirin (ASA) on the proliferative capacity, osteogenic potential, and expression of growth factor-associated genes in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).
METHODS: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from PDL tissue were isolated from human premolars (n = 3). The MSCs' identity was confirmed by immunophenotyping and trilineage differentiation assays. Cell proliferation activity was assessed through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Polymerase chain reaction array was used to profile the expression of 84 growth factor-associated genes. Pathway analysis was used to identify the biologic functions and canonic pathways activated by ASA treatment. The osteogenic potential was evaluated through mineralization assay.
RESULTS: ASA at 1,000 μM enhances osteogenic potential of PDLSCs. Using a fold change (FC) of 2.0 as a threshold value, the gene expression analyses indicated that 19 genes were differentially expressed, which includes 12 upregulated and seven downregulated genes. Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin-2, bone morphogenetic protein-10, VEGFC, and 2 (FGF2) were markedly upregulated (FC range, 6 to 15), whereas pleotropin, FGF5, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 were markedly downregulated (FC 32). Of the 84 growth factor-associated genes screened, 35 showed high cycle threshold values (≥35).
CONCLUSIONS: ASA modulates the expression of growth factor-associated genes and enhances osteogenic potential in PDLSCs. ASA upregulated the expression of genes that could activate biologic functions and canonic pathways related to cell proliferation, human embryonic stem cell pluripotency, tissue regeneration, and differentiation. These findings suggest that ASA enhances PDLSC function and may be useful in regenerative dentistry applications, particularly in the areas of periodontal health and regeneration.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus infection

Cheo SW, Ahmad Akbar RZ, Abd Rahman F, Abdul Rashid WNF', Tan YA, Low QJ

QJM, 2020 Nov 01;113(11):809-812.
PMID: 32275748 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa122
Evaluation of IgM LAT and IgM ELISA as compared to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for early diagnosis of Leptospira sp

Zin NM, Othman SN, Abd Rahman FR, Abdul Rachman AR

Trop Biomed, 2019 Dec 01;36(4):1071-1080.
PMID: 33597476

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. The clinical manifestation of leptospirosis is non-specific and frequently misdiagnosed as other illnesses. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracies of two commercial tests for early diagnosis of Leptospira species: the IgM latex agglutination test (IgM LAT) and the IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM ELISA). A total of 140 serum samples were obtained from patients suspected of leptospirosis at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). These serum samples were tested for the presence of Leptospira sp. using IgM LAT, IgM ELISA and MAT. From Table 1, IgM LAT showed 21% (n = 29) positive, 18% (n = 25) inconclusive and 61% (n = 86) negative, while IgM ELISA showed 6% (n = 8) positive, 6% (n = 8) inconclusive, 88% (n = 124) negative and MAT showed 11% (n = 16) positive, 47% (n = 65) inconclusive, 42% (n = 59) negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of IgM LAT were 68.8%, 57.6%, 30.6% and 87.2% respectively, while for IgM ELISA they were 37.5%, 89.8%, 50% and 84.1%, respectively as compared to MAT (Table 2). The results showed that IgM LAT had higher sensitivity but lower specificity compared to IgM ELISA. In conclusion, IgM LAT can be useful as an early screening test for early diagnosis of Leptospira sp., while IgM ELISA is a suitable method for reducing false negative detection of Leptospira sp. As both tests show moderate percentages (~65%) in accuracy, an additional test is required for better detection of Leptospira sp.
Expression of the Class II and III Beta-Tubulin in Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Lymphoid Tissues

Binti Yusof NS, Ameli F, Sabrina Florence Ch, Mustangin M, Abd Rahman F, Masir N

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2017 04 01;18(4):1045-1050.
PMID: 28547939

Aim: Abnormal expression patterns of beta-tubulin isotypes may provide a molecular rationale for the behaviour
of lymphoma subtypes. In the present study class II and III beta-tubulin expression was assessed in non-neoplastic and
neoplastic lymphoid tissues with reference to potential utility as new tumour biomarkers. Methods and results: In this
cross-sectional study class II and III beta-tubulin expression was assessed in 304 neoplastic and 20 normal lymphoid
tissues using qualitative and semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry. Class II beta-tubulin was found to be positive in
the germinal centres, mantle zone and interfollicular regions of normal lymphoid tissues. It was also expressed in 15/15
(100%) lymphoblastic lymphomas, 229/231 (99%) mature B cell lymphomas, 22/22 (100%) T/NK-cell lymphomas and
36/36(100%) classical Hodgkin lymphomas. Class III beta-tubulin in contrast was germinal centre restricted and more
selective, being found mainly in classical Hodgkin lymphomas (34/36 (94%)). It was also expressed in 58/171(34%)
DLBCL, 11/12 (92%) mantle cell lymphomas and 6/6 (100%) Burkitt lymphomas. Other mature B cell, T/NK cell
lymphomas and precursor lymphoblastic lymphomas were usually negative. Conclusions: Class II beta-tubulin shows
ubiquitous expression in neoplastic and non-neoplastic lymphoisd tissues. In contrast, Class III beta-tubulin is germinal
centre-restricted. Its consistent expression in classical Hodgkin lymphomas may point to use in the identification of
Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells. Its expression in a proportion of DLBCL, Burkitt and mantle cell lymphomas is of
interest as this may be related to their aggressiveness.
Fulltext Malay translation and validation of modified checklist for autism in toddlers, revised with follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F)

Ariffin RA, Ismail J, Abd Rahman FN, Wan Ismail WS, Ahmad N, Abdul Ghafar A, et al.

Front Pediatr, 2024;12:1384292.
PMID: 39764164 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1384292

INTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed clinically based on phenotypic characteristics and criteria such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Due to its significant social, emotional, and psychological impacts, early identification and diagnosis are crucial for starting early intervention and improving outcomes. A screening tool is imperative in identifying young children at risk so timely intervention can be instituted. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) is a reliable and valid screening tool used worldwide, with the previous iteration used for a long time in Malaysia. To enhance ASD screening in Malaysia, the latest version of M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay and evaluated for reliability and validity, as majority of the population speaks Malay, while the tool is originally in English. This study is a cross-sectional study performed in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) hospitals, between May 1st, 2020, to June 30th, 2022.
METHODOLOGY: The English version of the M-CHAT-R/F was translated into Malay using forward and backward translation methods. Content and face validity were ascertained and a pilot study was performed for internal reliability. A total of 244 children attending clinics and wards in UKM hospitals aged 16-30 months were recruited based on three categories: children with typical development, suspected cases, and established cases of ASD. All caregivers of the recruited children were asked to complete the Malay M-CHAT-R/F. Reliability and validation assessments were performed.
RESULTS: Malay M-CHAT-R/F was found to be a reliable tool with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.906, p < 0.001). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that cut-off scores of 2 on Malay M-CHAT-R/F lead to successful ASD classification with Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.887, p < 0.001 with a 95% CI (0.840, 0.933).
DISCUSSION: The assessment of the Malay M-CHAT-R/F showed satisfactory psychometric properties. Based on this study, the Malay M-CHAT-R/F is a reliable and valid screening tool to screen for ASD in children aged 16-30 months. Translating the M-CHAT-R/F into Malay is expected to improve community outreach and screening, which is essential for early diagnosis and timely intervention for children with ASD in Malaysia.