MyMedR

Fulltext Outpatient management of dengue infection in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Chin CK

Malays J Pathol, 1993 Jun;15(1):21-3.

Dengue fever is endemic in Malaysia with frequent epidemics especially in urban areas. This infection can present in a wide range of severity, from a nonspecific febrile illness to life threatening dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. It is worth noting that dengue haemorrhagic fever comprised 11.2% of all reported cases in Malaysia in 1991.Patients tend to consult their primary care physicians early. It is the duty of the primary care physicians to make an accurate diagnosis and to detect the complications. However, there has not been any known reliable predictor for the occurrence of complications during the early stage of the illness. Hence, primary care physicians often face the problem of having to deal with this uncertainty. Referring all these patients to the hospitals for admission is obviously not practical but managing them at home may involve high risks. In order to assist primary care physicians, the Primary Care Unit in the University Hospital uses a set of guidelines for the outpatient management of the infection. These guidelines and their assessment will be discussed.
Study site: Primary Care clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Fulltext Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case report

Chin CN

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):176-8.

PMID: 3821616

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal complication of neuroleptic administration. Many clinicians may not be familiar with this complication. This case report highlights the clinical features of neuroleptic malignant syndrome and its management.

Fulltext Sleep walking in adults: two case reports

Chin CN

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Jun;42(2):132-3.

PMID: 3503188

Adults who present with sleep walking as a primary complaint is unusual. Two such cases are presented and their association with night terrors and sleep talking discussed. Psychosocial stresses exacerbate sleep walking and acts of violence during the episode can be potentially lethal.

Painful oral and genital ulcers

Ch'ng CC, Wong SM, Lee YY

Cutis, 2017 Jan;99(1):E1-E3.

PMID: 28207013

Fulltext A 3 year case study of alcohol related psychotic disorders at Hospital Seremban

George S, Chin CN

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):223-6.

PMID: 10968157

This paper reports the characteristics and psychopathology of alcohol dependents with alcohol induced psychotic disorder admitted to the Seremban Hospital. The method is that of a case study of all alcohol dependents with alcohol induced psychotic disorder admitted to the Psychiatric Ward, Hospital Seremban over 3 years (1993-1995). There were 34 subjects, 30 Indians, 3 Chinese and 1 Malay with a mean age of 43 years. 32 were men and predominantly of Social Class IV and V (91%). They had a mean duration of drinking of 14.2 years and had a mean weekly consumption of 69.5 units of alcohol. There was a family history of alcohol dependence in (44%). The majority (68%) consumed samsu with beer the second choice. Auditory hallucinations (26) and delusions (16) were common while visual hallucinations (3) and depression (2) were less frequent. Speech disorder occurred in 4 subjects. 2 developed delirium tremens and 1 died. Liver function test was normal in 55%. All except the death from delirium tremens responded to treatment with a combination of anxiolytics, thiamine and antipsychotics and were rapidly discharged. The mean stay was 7 days. However, (68%) did not return for follow up and only 4 were abstinent from alcohol at the time of follow up.

Fulltext Interlocking nails for treatment of femoral fractures

Chin CH, Yeow C

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Sep;48(3):336-40.

PMID: 8183148

A series of 23 fractures of the femur were treated using femoral interlocking nails. The average follow-up period was 14.8 months. There were 14 closed fractures and 9 compound fractures. Closed nailing was done for 8 patients and open nailing for 15 patients. All the fractures united. There were no superficial or deep infections. The most common complication was leg length discrepancy; shortening occurred in 5 patients whereas lengthening occurred in 2 patients. It is a technically demanding procedure but it is the method of choice in our Institution for stabilising complex fractures of the femoral shaft.

Dietary intake of aflatoxins in the adult Malaysian population - an assessment of risk

Chin CK, Abdullah A, Sugita-Konishi Y

Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill, 2012;5(4):286-94.

PMID: 24786411 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2012.713028

Exposure to aflatoxins in the adult Malaysian diet was estimated by analysing aflatoxins in 236 food composites prepared as "ready for consumption". Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) ranged from 24.3 to 34.00 ng/kg b.w./day (lower to upper bound), with peanuts being the main contributor. Estimated liver cancer risk from this exposure was 0.61-0.85 cancers/100,000 population/year, contributing 12.4%-17.3% of the liver cancer cases. Excluding AFB1 occurrence data higher than 15 µg/kg reduced exposure by 65%-91% to 2.27-11.99 ng/kg b.w./day, reducing the cancer risk to 0.06-0.30 cancers/100,000 population/year (contributing 1.2%-6.1% liver cancer cases). Reducing further the ML of AFB1 from 15 to 5 µg/kg yielded 3%-7% greater drop in the exposure to 0.47-10.26 ng/kg b.w./day with an estimated risk of 0.01-0.26 cancers/100,000 population/year (0.2%-5.1% liver cancer cases attributed to dietary AFB1). These findings indicate that current MLs are adequate in protecting Malaysians' health.

A demographic profile of patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostate hyperplasia and presenting in acute urinary retention

Loh SY, Chin CM

BJU Int, 2002 Apr;89(6):531-3.

PMID: 11942958

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, in a prospective study, the demographic profile of patients with benign prostate enlargement who presented in acute urinary retention (AUR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised all patients admitted for transurethral resection of the prostate and categorised into two groups, i.e. those presenting in AUR or electively. The factors evaluated included the length of hospitalization, the patients' occupation, their duration of symptoms and reasons for not seeking treatment.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the mean age and occupational status of the two groups but those in AUR had more complications and a longer hospital stay after surgery; 60% of these men had had their urinary symptoms for > 1 year. When asked why they did not seek treatment earlier, 35% reported fear of surgery, while 41% thought that their symptoms were a normal part of ageing.

CONCLUSION: There is a need to raise the level of public awareness of benign prostatic enlargement because those who present with AUR incur excess morbidity and longer hospitalization that could otherwise be avoided through earlier treatment and elective surgery.

Lumbosacral nerve root avulsion

Chin CH, Chew KC

Injury, 1998 6 13;28(9-10):674-8.

PMID: 9624350

Lumbosacral nerve root avulsion is a rare clinical entity. Since the first description in 1955, only 35 cases have been reported. It is often associated with pelvic fractures and may be missed in the initial clinical examination as these patients usually present with multiple injuries. We present three such cases with clinical and radiological findings. These patients were involved in road traffic accidents. Two had fractures of the sacroiliac joint with diastasis of the symphysis pubis (Tile type C 1.2) and one had fractures of the public rami (Tile type B 2.1). All three had various degrees of sensory and motor deficit of the lower limbs. Lumbar myelogram shows characteristic pseudomeningoceles in the affected lumboscral region. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides an additional non-invasive modality to diagnose this condition.

Fulltext Psychiatric disorder in Malaysians with systemic lupus erythematosus

Chin CN, Cheong I, Kong N

Lupus, 1993 Oct;2(5):329-32.

PMID: 8305928 DOI: 10.1177/096120339300200510

All 79 patients who attended a University Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinic over a 6 month period were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule for psychiatric disorder. Using the ICD-9 Classification, 40 were found to have psychiatric disorder, 26 having depressive neurosis, six anxiety neurosis, five endogenous depression and three dementia. The group with psychiatric disorder had significantly poor family support as well as lack of a confidant compared to the group without psychiatric disorder (P < 0.01). There was no difference between the group with psychiatric disorder and those without psychiatric disorder in terms of age, duration of illness, ethnicity and severity of SLE. Psychiatric disorder is common affecting more than half the subjects and depression was the most frequent diagnosis.
Study site: SLE clinics, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Fulltext "Koro"-like syndrome affecting the tongue--a case report

Chin CN, S'ng KH

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):175-7.

PMID: 7565190

A 52-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of episodic retraction of his tongue into the throat with a belief that he will die if the retraction is complete. The presentation is similar to koro except that the tongue is involved instead of the penis. It appears that retraction taxon can involve other organs and may not necessarily be culture bound.

Fulltext Torulopsis glabrata in vaginitis

Chin CS, Cheong YM

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Sep;43(3):250-1.

PMID: 3241585

The effects of betel-nut chewing on the buccal mucosa: a histological study

Lee KW, Chin CT

Br. J. Cancer, 1970 Sep;24(3):433-41.

PMID: 5475751

Sixty-two "leukoplakias" from the cheeks of betel-nut chewers in West Malaysia were studied histologically. Ten biopsies were from non-tobacco betel-nut chewers. An amorphous von Kossa positive layer was seen on the keratin surface in 42 specimens. Tobacco did not appear essential for its formation, and it appeared to be significantly associated with parakeratosis. Its possible significance as a cuticle-like layer prolonging contact between carcinogens and the mucosa is discussed.Parakeratosis appeared to be the most common form of cornification seen, and the mitotic activity in parakeratinized leukoplakias appeared to be significantly greater than orthokeratinized leukoplakias.Comparison with studies on other population samples using different quids suggested that severe histological changes were more likely to be seen when tobacoo-containing quids were chewed as compared to non-tobacco-containing quids.An attempt to correlate the histological changes seen with the clinical habit in leukoplakias from chewers using tobacco-containing quids suggested that epithelial atrophy appeared to be significantly related to the duration of the habit but not to the "intensity" of the habit.

Fulltext Prevalence of Aspergillus spp. and occurrence of aflatoxins in peanut sauce processing by peanut sauce manufacturers

Farawahida Abdul Halim, Jinap Selamat, Nor Khaizura Mahmud @ Ab Rashid, Chin, C. K., Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin, Norlia, M.

International Food Research Journal, 2020;27(1):121-130.

MyJurnal

The aims of the present work were to determine the prevalence of Aspergillus spp. and occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) along the peanut sauce processing line from different peanut sauce
companies in Malaysia, and to determine to which extent peanut sauce processing steps
employed by the peanut sauce industries could efficiently reduce AFs in peanut sauce. Peanut
and chili samples were collected at each processing step along the peanut sauce production
from three peanut sauce companies which were different in companies’ profile. Peanut
samples from Companies B (87.5%) and C (100%) were contaminated with AFs. Of these,
12.5% (Company B) and 75% (Company C) samples exceeded the Malaysian regulatory limit.
None of the samples from Company A was contaminated. The steps efficient in reducing AFs
in peanut sauce identified in the present work were (i) safety monitoring of raw materials, (ii)
sorting of raw materials, and (iii) heat treatment of raw materials.

Yeasts in sputum

Chin CS, Ong SC

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):326-30.

PMID: 522744

The effects of betel-nut chewing on the buccal mucosa of 296 Indians and Malays in West Malaysia. A clinical study

Chin CT, Lee KW

Br. J. Cancer, 1970 Sep;24(3):427-32.

PMID: 5475750

Changes in the buccal mucosa of 296 Indian and Malay betel-nut chewers in Perak, West Malaysia, were studied clinically. 167 out of 212 Indian subjects incorporated tobacco in their quids, while 45 out of 84 Malay subjects incorporated. "Gambir". The Indians appeared to show a higher proportion of mucosal changes, particularly when tobacco was used. "Gambir" did not appear to be potent in the production of mucosal changes. Comparison with studies in other parts of the world suggested comparable findings with respect to both tobacco and non-tobacco chewing samples, and there would appear to be some evidence that tobacco-containing quids are likely to produce a higher proportion of mucosal changes as compared to non-tobacco-containing quids. An attempt to demonstrate a dose-effect relationship by dividing the subjects into "slight" and "heavy" chewers did not yield significant differences between these two categories in each of the groups.

Fulltext Unilateral pulmonary agenesis: an unusual cause of respiratory distress in the newborn

Tan KK, Chin CN

Singapore Med J, 1996 Dec;37(6):668-9.

PMID: 9104074

Unilateral pulmonary agenesis is a rare disorder and is an unusual cause of respiratory distress in the newborn. It is often associated with other congenital abnormalities, as documented in about 200 cases of unilateral pulmonary agenesis in the current literature. The onset and mode of presentation are highly variable, from asymptomatic cases discovered incidentally to symptomatic cases diagnosed in early infancy. We report a newborn infant with right pulmonary agenesis associated with facial and skeletal abnormalities who presented with respiratory distress. Unilateral pulmonary agenesis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress in the newborn, particularly when there are other associated congenital abnormalities.

Fulltext Characteristics of psychiatric admissions and aspects of overcrowding at the general Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Chin CN, Kadir AB, Jeyarajah S

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):135-45.

PMID: 8350788

This study examined admissions, final diagnoses and mean duration of stay of patients in the Psychiatric Wards at the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The male ward was severely overcrowded by 125% over the maximum bed capacity. The majority were psychotic, mainly schizophrenic. The female ward had 76% occupancy, also mainly psychotic. Neurotics, alcohol dependents and personality disorders formed less than 5% of the admissions. There was no difference in the mean duration of stay of patients of both UKM and GHKL Units stratified for diagnosis and disposal except for newly diagnosed schizophrenics. There is an urgent need for more male psychiatric beds/wards.

Fulltext Knee arthrodesis with interlocking nail after excision of giant cell tumour of the distal femur

Yeow C, Chin CH, Ong PH

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):414-6.

PMID: 8668066

Giant cell tumour of bone occurring around the knee is fairly common and can be difficult to manage. We report a case of such tumour involving the distal femur which was successfully treated with complete excision followed by arthrodesis of the knee with a long interlocking intramedullary nail.

Fulltext 5-Fluorocytosine resistance in clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans

Chin CS, Cheong YM, Wong YH

Med J Malaysia, 1989 Sep;44(3):194-8.

PMID: 2696871

Thirty six clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans were tested for their susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations. 22.2% of the isolates were resistant to 5-fluorocytosine and 36.1% indicated 5-fluorocytosine tolerance. All strains were sensitive to amphotericin B.

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