METHODS: Under Review Manager 5.3 and Stata17.0, subgroup analyses were conducted on data from 514 subjects across 10 studies from Chinese and English literature. The analyses examined intervention content, intervention period, single intervention duration and intervention frequency. A random effects model was employed to assess the overall effect size and heterogeneity.
RESULTS: The exercise intervention demonstrated a significant effect on reducing anxiety among college students, with a large effect size (d = -0.83). The heterogeneity test of intervention content (I2 = 0%) revealed high consistency in the specific content of exercise intervention across studies. However, substantial heterogeneity was observed in single intervention time (I2 = 75%), intervention frequency (I2 = 75%), and intervention period (I2 = 72%), indicating significant variations across studies. These differences suggest that varying durations, frequencies, and periods of intervention yielded different effects on college students' anxiety levels.
CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis has found that structured physical exercise programs, especially mind-body integrative exercises, can alleviate anxiety to the greatest extent, offering evidence-based guidance for implementing targeted exercise interventions in college mental health programs.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.11.0006.
METHODS: Total 14 eligible articles published before March 2019 involving 35 studies, of which 21 studies (16,109 cases and 26,378 controls) for rs2205960 G > A, 8 studies (2,424 cases and 3,692 controls) for rs704840 T > G, and 6 studies (3,839 cases and 5,867 controls) for rs844648 G > A were included. Effects of the three respective polymorphisms on the susceptibility to ADs were estimated by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in allelic, dominant, recessive, heterozygous and homozygous models.
RESULTS: The overall analysis revealed that all the rs2205960 G > A, rs704840 T > G and rs844648 G > A polymorphisms could increase the risk of ADs in allelic, dominant, recessive, heterozygous and homozygous models. Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that both rs2205960 G > A and rs704840 T > G were significantly associated with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What's more, statistically significant association between rs2205960 G > A polymorphism and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) susceptibility was also observed in allelic, dominant and heterozygous models.
CONCLUSIONS: This current meta-analysis suggested that all of the three TNFSF4 polymorphisms may be associated with ADs susceptibility in Asians.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HLA-B*15:02 genotyping in Asian Australian patients with epilepsy.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A model with components of decision analysis and Markov simulation was developed to simulate clinical trajectories of adult Asian Australian patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy being considered for carbamazepine treatment. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses over a lifetime time horizon were conducted from the perspective of the Australian health care sector. The study was conducted in May 2023 and data analysis was performed from August 2023 to November 2023.
INTERVENTION: No HLA-B*15:02 genotyping and the empirical initiation of treatment with carbamazepine vs HLA-B*15:02 genotyping and the initiation of treatment with valproate in allele carriers.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and costs in 2023 Australian dollars (A$); incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
RESULTS: HLA-B*15:02 screening was associated with an additional mean cost of A$114 (95% CI, -A$83 to A$374; US$76; 95% CI, -US$55 to US$248) and a reduction in 0.0152 LYs (95% CI, 0.0045 to 0.0287 LYs) but improvement by 0.00722 QALYs (95% CI, -0.0247 to -0.01210) compared with no screening, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of A$15 839 per QALY gained (US$10 523 per QALY). Therefore, universal genotyping for Asian Australian individuals was cost-effective compared with current standards of practice at the A$50 000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the intervention remained cost-effective across a range of costs, utilities, transition probabilities, and willingness-to-pay thresholds. At the A$50 000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold, universal screening was the preferred strategy in 88.60% of simulations.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results of this economic evaluation suggest that HLA-B*15:02 screening represents a cost-effective choice for Asian Australian patients with epilepsy who are being considered for treatment with carbamazepine.
METHODS: We collected data from 1583 citizens from four countries via an online survey between October 14 and November 2, 2020. We gathered demographic data and measured mental distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and fear of COVID-19. Data on sense of control, ego-resilience, grit, self-compassion, and resilience indicators were also collected.
RESULTS: Sense of control was negatively associated with mental distress in all four countries. Self-compassion was negatively associated with mental distress in the samples from Japan, China, and the U.S. We also found an interaction effect for sense of control: the lower the sense of control, the stronger the deterioration of mental distress when the fear of COVID-19 was high.
LIMITATIONS: This study's cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences. Further, lack of data from people who were actually infected with the virus limits comparisons of people who were and were not infected. Finally, as this study only compared data from four countries, comparisons with more countries are needed.
CONCLUSIONS: A sense of control and self-compassion may help buffer against mental health deterioration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sense of control was consistently associated with mental health across cultures.
DATA DESCRIPTION: Data were collected from 1583 (Mage = 32.22, SD = 12.90, Range = 19-82) respondents from Japan, China, the United States, and Malaysia between October to November 2020. We collected data across age and sex, marital status, number of children, and occupations. We also accounted for stay-at-home measures, change in income, COVID-19 infection status, place of residence, and subjective social status in the study. Our variables included mental health-related and resilience constructs, namely (i) fear of COVID-19, (ii) depression, anxiety, and stress; (iii) present, past, and future life satisfaction, (iv) sense of control, (v) positive emotions, (vi) ego-resilience, (vii) grit, (viii) self-compassion, (ix) passion, and (x) relational mobility. All questionnaires were assessed for their suitability across the four countries with the necessary translation checks. Results from this study can be instrumental in examining the impact of multiple resilience factors and their interaction with demographic variables in shaping mental health outcomes.