MyMedR

Drug trapping and delivery for Alzheimer's diagnosis

Jalil MA, Kamoldilok S, Saktioto T, Ong CT, Yupapin PP

Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol, 2012 Oct;40(5):303-8.

PMID: 22384850 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.657203

In this investigation, a new design based on a PANDA ring resonator as an optical trapping tool for tangle protein, molecular motor storage, and delivery is proposed. The optical vortices are generated and the trapping mechanism is controlled in the same way as the conventional optical tweezers. The trapping force is produced by a combination of the gradient field and scattering photons. The required molecular volume is trapped and moved dynamically within the molecular network. The tangle protein and molecular motor can be transported and delivered to the required destinations for Alzheimer's diagnosis by molecular buffer and bus network.

Optical manipulation of nano-micro needle array for large volume molecular diagnosis

Aziz MS, Jalil MA, Suwanpayak N, Ali J, Yupapin PP

Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol, 2012 Aug;40(4):266-70.

PMID: 22409282 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.658470

Optical vorticesare generated and controlled to form trapping tools in the same way as optical tweezers. By using the intense optical vortices generated within the PANDA ring resonator, the required atoms/molecules can be trapped and moved (transported) dynamically within the wavelength router or network. The advantage of the proposed system is that a transmitter and receiver can be formed within the same system, which is available for atoms/molecules storage and transportation based on methods that have been proposed to deliver drugs into cells for specific diagnosis.

Fulltext Generation of THz frequency using PANDA ring resonator for THz imaging

Jalil MA, Abdolkarim A, Saktioto T, Ong CT, Yupapin PP

Int J Nanomedicine, 2012;7:773-9.

PMID: 22359455 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S27625

In this study, we have generated terahertz (THz) frequency by a novel design of microring resonators for medical applications. The dense wavelength-division multiplexing can be generated and obtained by using a Gaussian pulse propagating within a modified PANDA ring resonator and an add/drop filter system. Our results show that the THz frequency region can be obtained between 40-50 THz. This area of frequency provides a reliable frequency band for THz pulsed imaging.

Molecular diagnosis using multi drug delivery network and stability

Jalil MA, Innate K, Suwanpayak N, Yupapin PP, Ali J

Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol, 2011 Dec;39(6):357-65.

PMID: 21999106 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2011.618134

By using a pair of tweezers to generate the intense optical vortices within the PANDA ring resonator, the required molecules (drug volumes) can be trapped and moved dynamically within the molecular bus networks, in which the required diagnosis or drug delivery targets can be performed within the network. The advantage of the proposed system is that the proposed diagnostic method can perform within the tiny system (thin film device or circuit), which can be available for a human embedded device for diagnostic use. The channel spacing of the trapped volumes (molecules) within the bus molecular networks can be provided.

Riverine effects on mitochondrial structure of Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) at two spatial scales

Jalil MF, Cable J, Sinyor J, Lackman-Ancrenaz I, Ancrenaz M, Bruford MW, et al.

Mol Ecol, 2008 Jun;17(12):2898-909.

PMID: 18494768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03793.x

We examined mitochondrial DNA control region sequences of 73 Kinabatangan orangutans to test the hypothesis that the phylogeographical structure of the Bornean orangutan is influenced by riverine barriers. The Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary contains one of the most northern populations of orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) on Borneo and is bisected by the Kinabatangan River, the longest river in Sabah. Orang-utan samples on either side of the river were strongly differentiated with a high Phi(ST) value of 0.404 (P < 0.001). Results also suggest an east-west gradient of genetic diversity and evidence for population expansion along the river, possibly reflecting a postglacial colonization of the Kinabatangan floodplain. We compared our data with previously published sequences of Bornean orangutans in the context of river catchment structure on the island and evaluated the general relevance of rivers as barriers to gene flow in this long-lived, solitary arboreal ape.

Fulltext Effects of Selected Physicochemical Parameters on Zerumbone Production of Zingiber zerumbet Smith Cell Suspension Culture

Jalil M, Annuar MS, Tan BC, Khalid N

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:757514.

PMID: 25767555 DOI: 10.1155/2015/757514

Zingiber zerumbet Smith is an important herb that contains bioactive phytomedicinal compound, zerumbone. To enhance cell growth and production of this useful compound, we investigated the growth conditions of cell suspension culture. Embryogenic callus generated from shoot bud was used to initiate cell suspension culture. The highest specific growth rate of cells was recorded when it was cultured in liquid Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing 3% sucrose with pH 5.7 and incubated under continuous shaking condition of 70 rpm for 16 h light and 8 h dark cycle at 24°C. Our results also revealed that the type of carbohydrate substrate, light regime, agitation speed, and incubation temperature could affect the production of zerumbone. Although the zerumbone produced in this study was not abundant compared to rhizome of Z. zerumbet, the possibility of producing zerumbone during early stage could serve as a model for subsequent improvement.

Acne vulgarism treatment using ultra-short laser pulse generated by micro- and nano-ring resonator system

Jalil MA, Phelawan J, Aziz MS, Saktioto T, Ong CT, Yupapin PP

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2013 Apr;41(2):92-7.

PMID: 22991968 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.700519

Acne vulgaris is adebilitating dermatologic disease, and is conventionally treated by laser therapy using a microring resonator system. An evolving understanding of laser-tissue interactions involving Propioni bacterium acneproducing porphyrins, and the development of lasers to target the sebaceous glands, has led to the development of an escalating number of laser light for acne treatment. The results show that the full width at half maximum of the proposed laser pulse of 0.15 nm can be generated using a microring resonator system. The power of the laser is 200 W and the wavelength laser is 1,032 nm, which is proposed as a treatment of acne vulgaris diseases.

Ultra-short laser pulse generated by a microring resonator system for cancer cell treatment

Jalil MA, Ong CT, Saktioto T, Daud S, Aziz MS, Yupapin PP

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2013 Jun;41(3):152-8.

PMID: 22947143 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.700520

A microring resonator (MRRs) system incorporated with a add/drop filter is proposed in which ultra-short single, multi-temporal, and spatial optical soliton pulses are simulated and used to kill abnormal cells, tumors, and cancer. Chaotic signals are generated by a bright soliton pulse within a nonlinear MRRs system. Gold nanoparticles and ultra-short femtosecond/picosecond laser pulses' interaction holds great interest in laser nanomedicine. By using appropriate soliton input power and MRRs parameters, desired spatial and temporal signals can be generated over the spectrum. Results show that short temporal and spatial solitons pulse with FWHM = 712 fs and FWHM = 17.5 pm could be generated. The add/drop filter system is used to generate the high-capacity, ultra-short soliton pulses in the range of nanometer/second and picometer/second.

Patterns of genetic diversity and migration in increasingly fragmented and declining orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus) populations from Sabah, Malaysia

Goossens B, Chikhi L, Jalil MF, Ancrenaz M, Lackman-Ancrenaz I, Mohamed M, et al.

Mol Ecol, 2005 Feb;14(2):441-56.

PMID: 15660936

We investigated the genetic structure within and among Bornean orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus) in forest fragments of the Lower Kinabatangan flood plain in Sabah, Malaysia. DNA was extracted from hair and faecal samples for 200 wild individuals collected during boat surveys on the Kinabatangan River. Fourteen microsatellite loci were used to characterize patterns of genetic diversity. We found that genetic diversity was high in the set of samples (mean H(E) = 0.74) and that genetic differentiation was significant between the samples (average F(ST) = 0.04, P < 0.001) with F(ST) values ranging from low (0.01) to moderately large (0.12) values. Pairwise F(ST) values were significantly higher across the Kinabatangan River than between samples from the same river side, thereby confirming the role of the river as a natural barrier to gene flow. The correlation between genetic and geographical distance was tested by means of a series of Mantel tests based on different measures of geographical distance. We used a Bayesian method to estimate immigration rates. The results indicate that migration is unlikely across the river but cannot be completely ruled out because of the limited F(ST) values. Assignment tests confirm the overall picture that gene flow is limited across the river. We found that migration between samples from the same side of the river had a high probability indicating that orang-utans used to move relatively freely between neighbouring areas. This strongly suggests that there is a need to maintain migration between isolated forest fragments. This could be done by restoring forest corridors alongside the river banks and between patches.

Increased regulatory T cells in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients

Idris SZ, Hassan N, Lee LJ, Md Noor S, Osman R, Abdul-Jalil M, et al.

Hematology, 2016 May;21(4):206-12.

PMID: 26907959 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2015.1101965

INTRODUCTION: Regulation in adaptive immune response balances a fine line that prevents instigation of self-damage or fall into unresponsiveness permitting abnormal cell growth. Mechanisms that keep this balance in check include regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs consist of a small but heterogeneous population, which may be identified by the phenotype, CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127-. The role of Tregs in pathogenesis of cancers is thus far supported by evidence of increased Tregs in various cancers and may contribute to poorer prognosis. Tregs may also be important in acute leukaemias.

OBJECTIVE: A review of the literature on Tregs in acute leukaemias was conducted and Tregs were determined in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemias (ALLs).

RESULTS: Studies on Tregs in B-cell ALL are few and controversial. We observed a significantly increased percentage of Tregs (mean±SD, 9.72 ± 3.79% vs. 7.05 ± 1.74%; P = 0.047) in the bone marrow/peripheral blood of ALL (n = 17) compared to peripheral blood of normal controls (n = 35). A positive trend between Tregs and age (R = 0.474, P = 0.055, n = 17) implicates this factor of poor prognosis in B-cell ALL.

DISCUSSION: Tregs in cancer are particularly significant in immunotherapy. The manipulation of the immune system to treat cancer has for a long time ignored regulatory mechanisms inducible or in place. In lymphoma studies, tumour-specific mechanisms that are unlike conventional methods in the induction of Tregs have been hypothesized. In addition, tumour-infiltrating Tregs may present different profiles from peripheral blood pictures. Tregs will continue to be dissected to reveal its mysteries and their impact on clinical significance.

Fulltext Indirect immunofluorescence screening of potential arthritic autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus

Selvaraja M, Che Ku Daud CKD, Abdul Jalil M, Md. Shah A, Amin Nordin S, Ahmad Bajari Z, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(103):1-4.

MyJurnal

Joint involvement is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, however, screening for joint specific autoantibodies in patients is not routinely performed. This may be due to the lack of known antigens and available tissue. The rat musculoskeletal tissue may be a suitable source of antigen to detect arthritic autoantibodies.
Method: We tested plasma of SLE patients, with arthritis (N=9) and without arthritis (N=7) as well as plasma from normal individuals (N=7) on fresh sectioned tissue from rat plantar hind paw using indirect immunofluorescence method.
Results: Binding of autoantibodies to striation in skeletal muscle cells in the tissue was clearly demonstrable in all samples from SLE with arthritis but not on slides incubated with plasma from normal or SLE without arthritis.
Conclusion: Thus, rat plantar tissue may be suitable for detecting autoantibodies from SLE patients that may be involved in the pathogenesis of lupus arthritis.

Fulltext Multiband Rabi antenna using nest microstrip add-drop filter (NMADF) for relativistic sensing applications

Sonasang S, Jamsai M, Jalil MA, Pham NT, Ray K, Angkawisittpan N, et al.

Heliyon, 2023 Feb;9(2):e13611.

PMID: 36879752 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13611

A microstrip circuit is designed, constructed, and tested based on the nest microstrip add-drop filters (NMADF). The multi-level system oscillation is generated by the wave-particle behaviors of AC driven along the microstrip ring circular path. The continuous successive filtering is applied via the device input port. The higher-order harmonic oscillations can be filtered, from which the two-level system known as a Rabi oscillation is achieved. The outside microstrip ring energy is coupled to the inside rings, from which the multiband Rabi oscillations can be formed within the inner rings. The resonant Rabi frequencies can be applied for multi-sensing probes. The relationship between electron density and Rabi oscillation frequency of each microstrip ring output can be obtained and used for multi-sensing probe applications. The relativistic sensing probe can be obtained by the warp speed electron distribution at the resonant Rabi frequency respecting the resonant ring radii. These are available for relativistic sensing probe usage. The obtained experimental results have shown that there are 3-center Rabi frequencies obtained, which can be used for 3-sensing probes simultaneously. The sensing probe speeds of 1.1c, 1.4c, and 1.5c are obtained using the microstrip ring radii of 14.20, 20.12, and 34.49 mm, respectively. The best sensor sensitivity of 1.30 ms is achieved. The relativistic sensing platform can be used for many applications.

Corrigendum to "Multiband rabi antenna using nest microstrip add-drop filter (NMADF) for relativistic sensing applications" [Heliyon 9(2) (February 2023) e13611]

Sonasang S, Jamsai M, Jalil MA, Pham NT, Ray K, Angkawisittpan N, et al.

Heliyon, 2023 Jul;9(7):e16846.

PMID: 37539238 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16846

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13611.].

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