MyMedR

Fulltext Genotypic variations of virulent genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from three hospitals in Malaysia

Al-Talib H, Zuraina N, Kamarudin B, Yean CY

Adv Clin Exp Med, 2015 Jan-Feb;24(1):121-7.

PMID: 25923096 DOI: 10.17219/acem/38162

The genus Enterococcus is of increasing significance as a cause of nosocomial infections, and this trend is exacerbated by the development of antibiotic resistance.

Enzyme-linked amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay for the detection of PCR amplicons on a streptavidin-treated screen-printed carbon electrode

Yean CY, Kamarudin B, Ozkan DA, Yin LS, Lalitha P, Ismail A, et al.

Anal Chem, 2008 Apr 15;80(8):2774-9.

PMID: 18311943 DOI: 10.1021/ac702333x

A general purpose enzyme-based amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay was developed wherein polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons labeled with both biotin and fluorescein were detected with peroxidase-conjugated antifluorescein antibody on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). As a proof of principle, the response selectivity of the genosensor was evaluated using PCR amplicons derived from lolB gene of Vibrio cholerae. Factors affecting immobilization, hybridization, and nonspecific binding were optimized to maximize sensitivity and reduce assay time. On the basis of the background amperometry signals obtained from nonspecific organisms and positive signals obtained from known V. cholerae, a threshold point of 4.20 microA signal was determined as positive. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was 10 CFU/mL of V. cholerae. The overall precision of this assay was good, with the coefficient of variation (CV) being 3.7% using SPCE and intermittent pulse amperometry (IPA) as an electrochemical technique. The assay is sensitive, safe, and cost-effective when compared to conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, real-time PCR, and other enzyme-linked assays for the detection of PCR amplicons. Furthermore, the use of a hand-held portable reader makes it suitable for use in the field.

Fulltext Association of CD58 polymorphism and multiple sclerosis in Malaysia: a pilot study

Ching YM, Viswanathan S, Mohamed Nor N, Shuib S, Kamarudin B, Mansor S, et al.

Auto- immunity highlights, 2019 Dec;10(1):13.

PMID: 32257069 DOI: 10.1186/s13317-019-0123-7

Background: Multiple sclerosis is an immune mediated disease targeting the central nervous system. Association of non-human leukocyte antigen gene, CD58, with multiple sclerosis has been reported in several populations but is unclear among Southeast Asians. This pilot study was conducted to explore the association between CD58 polymorphism and multiple sclerosis among the Malay population in Malaysia.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from 27 multiple sclerosis patients, and compared with 58 age- and gender matched healthy individuals. All patients were tested negative for anti-aquaporin 4. DNA was extracted from the blood and genotyped for 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs12044852, rs2300747 and rs1335532 of gene CD58 by real-time PCR.

Results: The majority of multiple sclerosis patients were female (85.2%). The general mean age of onset was 30.5 years. Genotyping results showed that frequencies of the alleles were between 40 and 50% for MS patients and healthy individuals. Association (allelic model) between multiple sclerosis and CD58 gene polymorphism alleles rs12044852 (p = 0.410), rs2300747 (p = 0.881) and rs1335532 (p = 0.407) were indistinct.

Conclusions: The impact of the CD58 gene polymorphism was not prominent in this pilot study, implying that genetic composition contributing to multiple sclerosis may be different between different populations, thus results in a heterogeneity of disease manifestation and distribution.

Fulltext Specific detection of fungal pathogens by 18S rRNA gene PCR in microbial keratitis

Embong Z, Wan Hitam WH, Yean CY, Rashid NH, Kamarudin B, Abidin SK, et al.

BMC Ophthalmol, 2008;8:7.

PMID: 18445283 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2415-8-7

The sensitivity and specificity of 18S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of fungal aetiology of microbial keratitis was determined in thirty patients with clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis.

Fulltext Seroprevalence of diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies in the Malaysian population

Yusoff AF, Mohd Sharani ZZ, Kee CC, Md Iderus NH, Md Zamri ASS, Nagalingam T, et al.

BMC Infect Dis, 2021 Jun 16;21(1):581.

PMID: 34134646 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06285-3

BACKGROUND: Despite high childhood immunization coverage, sporadic cases of diphtheria have been reported in Malaysia in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the seroprevalence of diphtheria among the Malaysian population.

METHODS: A total of 3317 respondents age 2 years old to 60 years old were recruited in this study from August to November 2017. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the level of IgG antibody against the toxoid of C. diphtheriae in the blood samples of respondents. We classified respondent antibody levels based on WHO definition, as protective (≥0.1 IU/mL) and susceptible (

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