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Fulltext Cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia

Ponnusamy, S., Shazli Ezzat Ghazali

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2005;3(2):67-78.
MyJurnal

This paper reports a clinical case study on the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment (CBT) in treating panic attack with agoraphobia in a local health psychology clinic. M.N., a 24 year old male, complained of nightmares, heart palpitations, sweating, tremors and fearful feelings for the past one and a half years. He felt anxious about going to crowded places such as bus stations, night markets, supermarkets, and mosques and being left alone in any place which he was not familiar with. This case study adopted an ABC design whereby the subject was assessed at three different phases: pre-treatment, mid-treatment and post-treatment. Four standard assessment measures were administered: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Anxiety Scale of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The subject responded well to 12 sessions of intervention employed in the study based on CBT model and this could be noticed by minimal score on the entire psychological test administered. The application of behavioral and cognitive strategies became more effective due to patient’s ability to understand and also due to his cooperative behavior. He responded well to imagery exposure and in-vivo gradual exposure and successfully went to shopping malls, used lifts at Kuala Lumpur Tower, went to night markets and used public transport.
Fulltext Kesejahteraan psikologi, kemurungan dan sokongan sosial di kalangan mangsa rogol

Shazli Ezzat Ghazali, Ponnusamy, S., Normah Che Din, Nik Farideh Yousef Mohd Khan

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2006;4(1):99-106.
MyJurnal

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti perkaitan antara tahap kemurungan, kesihatan mental, kesan sokongan sosial dan kesejahteraan psikologi di kalangan mangsa rogol dengan aspek demografik. Subjek kajian seramai 30 wanita telah dipilih dari Pusat Perlindungan dan Pemulihan Wanita, di Batu Caves, Selangor. Kaedah ujian yang digunakan terdiri daripada Beck Depression Inventory, General Health Questionnaire-28, Provision Social Relation dan soalan demografik. Soalan diedarkan di kalangan mangsa diikuti dengan penerangan ringkas ke atas kaedah ujian. Analisis data menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan di antara faktor umur dan kesejahteraan psikologi mangsa (p = 0.004). Selain itu, kemurungan didapati mempengaruhi secara signifikan ke atas kesihatan mental (R' = 0.60, [F (1, 27) = 40.312, p < 0.0011). Kajian inijuga mendapati hubungan yang positif antara kesihatan mental dan kemurungan (r = 0.77). Ini bermaksud semakin tinggi kemurungan yang dialami mangsa, semakin tinggi kesan ke atas kesihatan mentalnya.
Fulltext Pengambilan sarapan pagi dan pengaruh ke atas pencapaian kognitif kanak-kanak sekolah rendah

Shazli Ezzat Ghazali, Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff, Ponnusamy, S., Syahiza Abas

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2005;3(1):1-7.
MyJurnal

Perkembangan kognitif dan pertumbuhan fizikal di kalangan kanak-kanak bergantung kepada status pemakanan mereka, termasuklah tabiat pengambilan sarapan pagi. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pengambilan sarapan pagi sebelum ke sekolah ke atas pencapaian kognitif kanak-kanak sekolah rendah. Satu kajian hirisan lintang dijalankan di kalangan kanak-kanak sekolah rendah di bandar dan luar bandar. Subjek kajian mengandungi 165 pelajar Melayu yang berusia 10 tahun. Tiga jenis subskala daripada ujian Wechsler Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children-III digunakan untuk mengukur tahap kognitif kanak-kanak tersebut iaitu arithmatik, pengkodan dan digit span. Hasil kajian didapati kanak-kanak yang mengambil sarapan pagi mencatatkan pencapaian yang tinggi secara signifikan dalam arithmetik (p
Fulltext Whole-grain consumption and its determinants in Malaysian medical students: A cross-sectional study

Subramanian S, Patil SS, Ponnusamy S, Hasamnis AA, Loh KY, Santosh N

Indian J Public Health, 2019 9 26;63(3):220-226.
PMID: 31552852 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.IJPH_278_18

Background: Whole-grain consumption is associated with several health benefits. Little is known, however, about whole-grain consumption patterns in medical students in Malaysia.
Objectives: The study was conducted to assess whole-grain intake pattern and factors influencing intake among Malaysian medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study investigating whole-grain intake among 151 medical students in a private medical university in Malaysia was conducted from January to June 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic variables, the whole-grain intake pattern and the knowledge and attitudes toward whole-grain intake. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS software. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were used.
Results: The prevalence of reported whole-grain intake in the past 3 months was 51%. Chinese ethnicity, readiness to adhere to Malaysian food pyramid, and self-preparation of food, and eating at home were significantly associated with whole-grain consumption. However, the primary determinants of food choice such as education, knowledge, and affordability did not seem to influence whole-grain consumption. Whole-grain consumption is relatively low among Malaysian medical students. Cultural background and self-belief influence this practice despite being from the medical fraternity.
Conclusions: Efforts are needed to bridge the knowledge-practice gap by assessing the barriers to whole-grain consumption to design effective initiatives to promote an increase in whole-grain consumption.
Fulltext Melioidosis in acute cholangitis of diabetic patient: a forgotten diagnosis

Mohamad N, Ponnusamy S, Devi S, Manikam R, Idrus II, Bakar NHA

Res Rep Trop Med, 2012;3:103-106.
PMID: 30100777 DOI: 10.2147/RRTM.S34483

Melioidosis presents with a wide range of clinical presentations, which include severe community-acquired pneumonia, septicemia, central nervous system infection, and less severe soft tissue infection. Hence, its diagnosis depends heavily on the clinical microbiology laboratory for culture. In this case report, we describe an atypical presentation of melioidosis in a 52-year-old man who had fever, right upper-abdominal pain, and jaundice for 15 days. Melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei was subsequently diagnosed from blood culture. As a primary care physician, high suspicion index is of great importance. High suspicion index of melioidosis in a high-risk group patient, such as the patient with diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot, is crucial in view of atypical presentations of pseudomonas sepsis. A correct combination of antibiotic administration in the early phase of therapy will determine its successful outcome.
The beliefs in the inheritance of risk factors for suicide scale (BIRFSS): cross-cultural validation in Estonia, Malaysia, Romania, the United Kingdom, and the United States

Voracek M, Loibl LM, Swami V, Vintilă M, Kõlves K, Sinniah D, et al.

Suicide Life Threat Behav, 2008 Dec;38(6):688-98.
PMID: 19152299 DOI: 10.1521/suli.2008.38.6.688

The genetics of suicide is increasingly recognized and relevant for mental health literacy, but actual beliefs may lag behind current knowledge. We examined such beliefs in student samples (total N = 686) from Estonia, Malaysia, Romania, the United Kingdom, and the United States with the Beliefs in the Inheritance of Risk Factors for Suicide Scale. Cultural effects were small, those of key demographics nil. Several facets of construct validity were demonstrated. Marked differences in perceived plausibility of evidence about the genetics of suicide according to research design, observed in all samples, may be of general interest for investigating lay theories of abnormal behavior and communicating behavioral and psychiatric genetic research findings.
Tricistronic expression of MOAP-1, Bax and RASSF1A in cancer cells enhances chemo-sensitization that requires BH3L domain of MOAP-1

Lee YH, Pang SW, Revai Lechtich E, Shah K, Simon SE, Ponnusamy S, et al.

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2020 Jul;146(7):1751-1764.
PMID: 32377840 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03231-9

PURPOSE: Although important for apoptosis, the signaling pathway involving MOAP-1(Modulator of Apoptosis 1), RASSF1A (RAS association domain family 1A), and Bax (Bcl-2 associated X protein) is likely to be dysfunctional in many types of human cancers due to mechanisms associated with gene mutation and DNA hyper-methylation. The purpose of the present study was to assess the potential impact of generating physiologically relevant signaling pathway mediated by MOAP-1, Bax, and RASSF1A (MBR) in cancer cells and chemo-drug resistant cancer cells.
METHODS: The tricistronic expression construct that encodes MOAP-1, Bax, and RASSF1A (MBR) or its mutant, MOAP-1∆BH3L, Bax and RASSF1A (MBRX) was expressed from an IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site)-based tricistronic expression vector in human breast cancer cells, including MCF-7, MCF-7-CR (cisplatin resistant) and triple negative breast cancer cells, BMET05, for functional characterization through in vitro and in vivo models.
RESULTS: Transient expression of MBR potently promoted dose-dependent apoptotic signaling and chemo-sensitization in the cancer cells, as evidenced by loss of cell viability, nuclei condensation and Annexin-V positive staining while stable expression of MBR in MCF-7 cells significantly reduced the number of MBR stable clone by 86% and the stable clone exhibited robust chemo-drug sensitivity. In contrast, MBRX stable clone exhibited chemo-drug resistance while transiently over-expressed MOAP-1ΔBH3L inhibited the apoptotic activity of MBR. Moreover, the spheroids derived from the MBR stable clone displayed enhanced chemo-sensitivity and apoptotic activity. In mouse xenograft model, the tumors derived from MBR stable clone showed relatively high level of tumor growth retardation associated with the increase in apoptotic activity, leading to the decreases in both tumor weight and volume.
CONCLUSIONS: Expression of MBR in cancer cells induces apoptotic cell death with enhanced chemo-sensitization requiring the BH3L domain of MOAP-1. In animal model, the expression of MBR significantly reduces the growth of tumors, suggesting that MBR is a potent apoptotic sensitizer with potential therapeutic benefits for cancer treatment.
Fulltext College of Radiology, Academy of Medicine of Malaysia position on whole body screening CT scans in healthy asymptomatic individuals (2008)

Ho E, Abdullah B, Tang A, Nordin A, Nair A, Lim G, et al.

Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2008 Oct;4(4):e44.
PMID: 21611021 DOI: 10.2349/biij.4.4.e44

To date, the College of Radiology (CoR) does not see any clear benefit in performing whole body screening computed tomography (CT) examinations in healthy asymptomatic individuals. There are radiation risk issues in CT and principles of screening should be adhered to. There may be a role for targeted cardiac screening CT that derives calcium score, especially for asymptomatic medium-risk individuals and CT colonography when used as part of a strategic programme for colorectal cancer screening in those 50 years and older. However, population based screening CT examinations may become appropriate when evidence emerges regarding a clear benefit for the patient outweighing the associated radiation risks.
Fulltext Catalytic response and molecular simulation studies in the development of synthetic routes in trimeric triaryl pyridinium type ionic liquids

Tamilarasan R, Subramani A, Sasikumar G, Ganapathi P, Karthikeyan S, Ponnusamy S, et al.

Sci Rep, 2023 Mar 17;13(1):4453.
PMID: 36932171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31476-0

Under conventional and silica-supported Muffle furnace methods, water-soluble substituted trimeric triaryl pyridinium cations with various inorganic counter anions are synthesized. The solvent-free synthesis method is superior to the conventional method in terms of non-toxicity, quicker reaction times, ease of workup, and higher yields. Trimeric substituted pyridinium salts acted as excellent catalytic responses for the preparation of Gem-bisamide derivatives compared with available literature. To evaluate the molecular docking, benzyl/4-nitrobenzyl substituted triaryl pyridinium salt compounds with VEGFR-2 kinase were used with H-bonds, π-π stacking, salt bridges, and hydrophobic contacts. The results showed that the VEGFR-2 kinase protein had the most potent inhibitory activity. Intriguingly, the compound [NBTAPy]PF6- had a strongly binds to VEGFR-2 kinase and controlled its activity in cancer treatment and prevention.