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  1. Fulltext Post-cardiac surgery patient satisfaction with quality nursing care at institute jantung negara (ijn)
    Ho, Siew Eng, Gurbinder Kaur, Syed Rozaidi Wafa, Syed Zulkifli Syed Zakaria, Razali Omar
    Medicine & Health, 2006;1(1):14-19.
    MyJurnal
    Quality nursing care has a great impact on patient satisfaction. Quality nursing care is perceived by the post cardiac surgery patient, as the degree of physical, emotional and spiritual needs that have to be fulfilled while hospitalisation. The objective of this study was to identify factors in quality nursing care that determine post cardiac patient satisfaction. This single cross-sectional descriptive study using ‘NURSQUAL’ instrument consisted of four elements; technical competence, information giving, assurance and empathy to measure patient satisfaction with quality nursing care. It consisted of four research questions with 33 items to measure the four elements. Between January to March 2005, 52 post cardiac surgery patients from Institute Jantung Negara (IJN), who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study. There was a significant difference between technical competence, information giving, assurance and empathy with patient satisfaction with p value < 0.05. The element of assurance made the strongest statistically significant unique contribution to the prediction of patient satisfaction with a p value < 0.05.
  2. Fulltext Reliability and validity of Malay language version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) among the Malaysian cohort participants
    Shamsuddin N, Koon PB, Zakaria SZS, Noor MI, Jamal R
    Int J Public Health Res, 2015;5(2):643-653.
    Validation of instruments is essential when assessing physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to validate a Malay language version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) against Actical accelerometer and to determine its reliability and validity.
    Methods A total of 90 Malay adults aged 35-65 years old participating in The Malaysian Cohort project were recruited for this study. The IPAQ-M is comprised of 12 items, covering vigorous, moderate, walking, sitting and sleeping activities, and was administered on two occasions (Day 1 and Day 9) by interviewing the participants. Participants wore the Actical accelerometer for seven consecutive days between the two interview sessions.
    Results Validity tests showed that time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (min wk-1) from IPAQ-M was significantly correlated with MVPA from accelerometer (rho=0.32, p<0.01). Time spent in vigorous activity (rho=0.44) and total activity (rho=0.36) from IPAQ-M were significantly correlated (p<0.01) with that measured by accelerometer, but no correlation was observed for sedentary behaviour. Reliability tests revealed significant correlations between the two interview sessions for all intensities of PA (rho=0.55 to 0.71, p<0.01). Bland-Altman plots showed that time spent in MVPA for IPAQ-M was significantly different from that measured by accelerometer (mean difference: 98.02 min wk-1; 95% limits of agreement: - 785.33 to 1317.83 min wk-1; p<0.01). When classifying people into meeting PA recommendation, the agreement between the two instruments was fair (κ=0.22).
    Conclusions The IPAQ-M has acceptable validity for MVPA, vigorous and total physical activity, and was reliable for assessing the physical activity of Malay adults.
    Keywords Health care workers - Knowledge - Practice - Universal precaution - Health center.
    Study name: The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project
  3. Fulltext Anxiety and Depression among Patients Before and After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) at National Heart Institute (NHI)
    Ho, Siew Eng, Syed Zulkifli Syed, Lexshimi RG, Raja, Hamidah Hassan, Letchmi, Santhna, Teoh, Koi Hong, et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2007;2(1):26-33.
    MyJurnal
    Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an invasive diagnostic investigation that may result in high level of anxiety and “fear of the unknown” among cardiac patients. An increment in anxiety among PCI patients will augment the level of stress and this extreme stress level will then aggravate depression. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of anxiety and depression before and after PCI. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. It measured two elements, namely, the anxiety and depression levels of patients before and after PCI. This study was conducted in the cardiology wards Anggerik and Dahlia, and Day Care of the National Heart Institute, from January to February 2006.  A sample of 61 patients before and after PCI who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Of these, 40 and 38 patients before and after PCI respectively, had low anxiety levels; while, 47 and 46 patients before and after PCI respectively, had low depression levels. Anxiety and depression levels before and after PCI were not significantly correlated to socio demographic status. However, a significant correlation (p
  4. Evaluation of BV(®) Blue Test Kit for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis
    Kampan NC, Suffian SS, Ithnin NS, Muhammad M, Zakaria SZ, Jamil MA
    Sex Reprod Healthc, 2011 Jan;2(1):1-5.
    PMID: 21147452 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2010.11.002
    The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity, specificity and the predictive value of the BV(®) Blue Test Kit in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and to observe the risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) in the study population. A prospective, cross-sectional study on 151 non-pregnant women who presented or referred to HUKM with presence of vaginal discharge, abnormal vaginal odour, pruritus vulvae of lower genital tract or incidental finding of abnormal PV discharge on pelvic examination. Samples of vaginal discharge were tested for bacterial vaginosis infection using Amsel's criteria, BV(®) Blue test and Gram stain (Nugent's score). Gram stain interpretation was made blinded without knowledge of other test result. Using Gram stain's criteria as a gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of BV(®) Blue test and each of Amsel's criteria were estimated. The use of vaginal douches increased the risk of BV. The risk of BV with vaginal douching was 2.8 (95% CI 1.0-7.8) compared to never users. BV(®) Blue test showed a sensitivity of 100.0%, specificity of 98.3%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.4% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100.0% compared to Gram stain (Nugent's method). BV(®) Blue test had excellent agreement with Gram stain which was 98.7%. BV(®) Blue test is a simple, rapid and reliable test allowing immediate diagnosis and prompt treatment of BV in the absence of microscopy which would greatly benefit majority of women at the greatest risk of sequel of bacterial vaginosis.
  5. Fulltext Emergence of chikungunya seropositivity in healthy Malaysian adults residing in outbreak-free locations: chikungunya seroprevalence results from the Malaysian Cohort
    Azami NA, Salleh SA, Shah SA, Neoh HM, Othman Z, Zakaria SZ, et al.
    BMC Infect Dis, 2013;13:67.
    PMID: 23379541 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-67
    In 1998, Malaysia experienced its first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in the suburban areas followed by another two in 2006 (rural areas) and 2008 (urban areas), respectively. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of documented data regarding the magnitude of CHIKV exposure in the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of chikungunya virus infection in healthy Malaysian adults residing in outbreak-free locations.
  6. Fulltext Behavioral outcome among survivors of childhood brain tumor: a case control study
    Alias H, Morthy SK, Zakaria SZS, Muda Z, Tamil AM
    BMC Pediatr, 2020 02 05;20(1):53.
    PMID: 32020861 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-1951-3
    BACKGROUND: Advances in the treatment of childhood brain tumors have significantly improved survival rates. With improved survival rates, long-term treatment-related toxicities have become important, and the resulting complications can affect patients' emotion and behavior. This study aimed to 1) evaluate behavioral outcomes among survivors of childhood brain tumors, 2) compare behavioral outcomes among survivors of childhood brain tumors with survivors of childhood leukemia and healthy children, and 3) determine any demographic, disease, and/or treatment-related factors that could affect the behavioral outcomes of survivors of childhood brain tumors.

    METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 1 year (June 1st, 2018-May 31st, 2019) in two tertiary referral centers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Thirty-eight survivors of childhood brain tumors aged 6 to 18 years old who had been off-treatment for at least 1 year and were in remission, 38 age- and gender-matched survivors of childhood leukemia who had been off-treatment for at least 1 year and were in remission, and 38 age- and gender-matched unrelated healthy children were recruited. The Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) parent report and Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaires were used to assess behavioral outcomes.

    RESULTS: Survivors of childhood brain tumors showed statistically significantly worse behavioral outcomes than healthy children for social problems and attention problems (p 

  7. "Is it possible to prevent acute kidney injury in the patients who underwent contrast medium?"
    Alharazy SM, Kong N, Saidin R, Gafor AH, Maskon O, Mohd M, et al.
    Angiology, 2014 Mar;65(3):225-6.
    PMID: 23564021 DOI: 10.1177/0003319713483544
  8. Fulltext A validation study of the Bahasa Malaysia version of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale
    Najma Kori, Wan Asyraf Wan Zaidi, Rabani Remli, Azman Ali Raymond, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Tan, Hui Jan, et al.
    Neurology Asia, 2018;23(3):225-232.
    MyJurnal
    Background & Objectives: The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) provides a valid and quick assessment of stroke severity in hyperacute stroke management. Stroke patients who are eligible for reperfusion therapy require prompt assessment. There is no validated Bahasa Malaysia (BM) version of the NIHSS that allows easier assessment by BM-speaking health professionals. This study aimed to translate and validate a BM version of the NIHSS.
    Methods: The English NIHSS was translated to BM, then back translated to ensure linguistic accuracy. We also adapted the language assessment of the NIHSS to be more culturally appropriate. Training and certification videos were downloaded from the NIH website and dubbed into BM. We determined intra-class correlation and unweighted kappa as the best measure of reliability. Median scores were used in the analysis for language items.
    Results: One hundred and one raters participated in the test-retest reliability study. Agreement between the original NIHSS and our translated version of the BM-NIHSS was good (ICC = 0.738, 95% CI: 0.611 to 0.823). Fair to moderate agreement was found on item-by-item analysis (unweighted κ=0.20-0.50) despite high observed agreement. Fifty patients participated in the language assessment arm. Scores were better in BM for reading, naming objects and repetition (Mdn = 100, p < 0.001). There was no difference in the median scores for the description component.
    Conclusions: The BM-NIHSS is a valid translation of the NIHSS, and may be used in clinical practice by BM-speaking healthcare professionals.
  9. Single nucleotide polymorphism for certain genes involved in gestational diabetes with risk factors and complications positive
    NOR AZLIN MOHAMED ISMAIL, NORKHATIJAH MOHD ARIS, ZALEHA ABDULLAH MAHDY, SHUHAILA AHMAD, NORZILAWATI MOHD NAIM, HARLINA HARLIZAH SIRAJ, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1613-1618.
    Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is associated with pregnancy complications, however its mechanism has not been fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for identifying candidate genes involve in risk factors and complications of GDM. A total of 174 pregnant women with GDM and 114 healthy pregnant women were genotyped with 384 SNPs from 236 genes. The SNPs identified were rs10946398 (CDKAL1) in GDM risk factors; rs328 (LPL) and rs1042778 (OXTR) in complications of caesarean section; rs5404 (SLC2A2), rs5400 (SLC2A2) and rs13306465 (IRS1) for neonatal intensive care admission. Whereby SNPs rs12255372, rs7901695 and rs7903146 from TCF7L2 gene had six times higher risk (OR, 6.40-6.53) for T2DM at postpartum. In conclusion, although the above SNPs were identified with GDM risk factors and complications among pregnant Malaysian women with GDM, a larger study is needed to ascertain this candidate genes actual association.
  10. Fulltext Preliminary study shows novel variant detected in the screening of RET gene in Malaysian patients with Hirschsprung’s disease
    Nor Azian Abdul Murad, Sue-Mian, Then, Mohd Ridhwan Abdul Razak, Conjeevaram, Rajendrarao Thambidorai, Sri Noraima Othman, Rosniza Mohamad Hussain, et al.
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2017;7(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a disorder associated with congenital absence of ganglion cells in the
    gastrointestinal tract. Molecular analyses have identified variants in various genes including RET, GDNF,
    EDN3 and EDNRB that are involved in the development, migration and survival of neural cells. Variants
    in the receptor tyrosine kinase (RET) are most common and have been identified in 10-20% of sporadic
    HSCR patients. The objective of this study was to screen for RET gene variants in Malaysian patients with
    HSCR. Thirty-two patients with HSCR and 30 normal controls were recruited for this study. Mutations
    were screened using the Polymerase Chain Reaction – Denaturing High Performance Liquid
    Chromatography (PCR-dHPLC) approach. Mutations identified were then confirmed using Sanger
    sequencing. We identified one novel rare variant in exon 4 (A268A c807 G>C) in one patient. We also
    identified the common coding sequence variantsA45A (c135G>A), A432A (c1296A>G), L769L (c2307 T>G)
    and the G691S in our cohort of patients. In conclusion, our Malaysian patients with HSCR diseases showed
    the presence of similar RET gene common variants which have been described in other populations. We
    have also identified a novel variant in exon 4 (A268A).
  11. Gestational diabetes mellitus in primigravidae: a mild disease
    Ismail NA, Aris NM, Mahdy ZA, Ahmad S, Naim NM, Siraj HH, et al.
    Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove), 2011;54(1):21-4.
    PMID: 21542419 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2016.12
    This prospective observational study was done to analyse the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among primigravidae and its outcome. All healthy primigravidae with singleton pregnancies were offered universal glucose tolerance testing between 16 and 28 weeks gestation. GDM and non GDM groups were managed according to hospital protocol. The antenatal features and pregnancy outcomes were analysed. Out of 616 primigravidae, 113 (18.34%) were GDM with slightly older (27.9 +/- 4.2 versus 26.32 +/- 3.3, p < 0.001) age. The mean fasting and two hours postprandial blood glucose in both groups were 4.99 +/- 1.08 mmol/l, 8.86 +/- 1.41 mmol/l(GDM) and 4.36 +/- 0.43 mmol/l, 5.71 +/- 1.11 mmol/l (Non GDM), respectively. Maternal family history of diabetes mellitus, weight exceeding 80 Kg, polyhydramnios (2.65% versus 0.2%, p = 0.028) and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (9.73% versus 2.98%, p = 0.01) occurred significantly more frequent in the GDM group compared to normal. There was no significant difference in other pregnancy outcomes and complications between the two groups. In conclusion GDM in primigravidae was detected at a relatively young age with more frequent maternal family history of DM, weight exceeding 80 Kg, polyhydromnions and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. The degree of disease was mild and treatment led to no significant complication.
  12. Fulltext Correction: Modified regimen intrapleural alteplase with pulmozyme in pleural infection management: a tertiary teaching hospital experience
    Cheong XK, Ban AY, Ng BH, Abeed NNN, Ismail NAN, Fuad NFN, et al.
    BMC Pulm Med, 2022 Nov 23;22(1):440.
    PMID: 36418993 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02251-0
  13. Multiplexed genotyping of beta globin mutations with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
    Looi ML, Sivalingam M, Husin ND, Radin FZ, Isa RM, Zakaria SZ, et al.
    Clin Chim Acta, 2011 May 12;412(11-12):999-1002.
    PMID: 21315703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.02.006
    BACKGROUND: Beta thalassemia represents a great heterogeneity as over 300 mutations have been identified and each population at-risk has its own spectrum of mutations. Molecular characterization with high accuracy, sensitivity and economics is required for population screening and genetic counseling.
    METHODS: We used the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) platform to develop novel multiplex assays for comprehensive detection of 27 mutations in beta-thalassemia patients. Six multiplex assays were designed to detect 13 common known ß-mutations, namely CD41/42, CD71/72, IVS1-5, IVS1-1, CD26, IVS2-654, CAP+1, CD19, -28, -29, IVS1-2, InCD (T-G) and CD17; and 14 rare ß-mutations, i.e. InCD (A-C), CD8/9, CD43, -86, CD15, Poly A, Poly T/C, IVS2-1, CD1, CD35/36, CD27/28, CD16, CD37, and 619bpDEL in 165 samples. We compared the efficiencies of genotyping by MS and Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS). Discrepant results were confirmed by sequencing analysis.
    RESULTS: A total of 88.7% (260/293 allele) of MS and ARMS results was in agreement. More than fifty percent of the discrepant result was due to the false interpretation of ARMS results. Failed CD19 assay by MS method might be due to the assay design. The MS method detected 5 rare ß-mutations (CD15, CD35/36, CD8/9, Poly A and Poly T/C) presented in 13 alleles, which were not included in the ARMS screening panel.
    CONCLUSION: We revealed that the MS method is a sensitive, high-throughput, highly automated, flexible, and cost-effective alternative to conventional ß-thalassemia genotyping methods.
  14. Fulltext Association of job sectors with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and obesity: a cross-sectional study from the Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project
    Borhanuddin B, Ahmad N, Shah SA, Murad NAA, Zakaria SZS, Kamaruddin MA, et al.
    Int Health, 2018 Sep 01;10(5):382-390.
    PMID: 29462329 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihx075
    BACKGROUND: The investigation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease (e.g., major endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases) across job sectors is useful for targeted public health intervention. This study examined the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypercholesterolemia and obesity in 21 job sectors in the general population.

    METHODS: A baseline cross-sectional analysis of the Malaysian Cohort was conducted, which included 105 391 adults. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted for these three diseases across 20 job sectors compared with the unemployed/homemaker sector.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of T2DM, hypercholesterolemia and obesity was 16.7%, 38.8% and 33.3%, respectively. The Accommodation & Food Service Activities and Transportation & Storage sectors had significantly higher odds for T2DM (adjusted [adj.] prevalence odds ratio [POR] 1.18, p=0.007 and adj. POR 1.15, p=0.008, respectively). No job sector had significantly higher odds for hypercholesterolemia compared with the unemployed/homemaker sector. Only the Accommodation & Food Service Activities sector had significantly higher odds for obesity (adj. POR 1.17, p≤0.001).

    CONCLUSIONS: Many job sectors were significantly associated with lower odds of having these three diseases when compared with the unemployed/homemaker sector. These differing associations between diverse job sectors and these diseases are important for public health intervention initiatives and prioritization.

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