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Fulltext Associations between weight teasing by peers, self-esteem, and academic related stressors with body weight status among adolescents in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia

Nor Mazni Ibrahim, Zuriati Ibrahim, Rosita Jamaluddin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(201):10-15.
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Introduction: Growing evidence highlighting the physical health risks linked with adolescent obesity and yet little is known on the role of psychosocial factors on the body weight status of adolescents. A cross sectional study was conducted to ascertain the associations between psychosocial factors (operationalised as weight teasing by peers, self-esteem and academic related stressor) with body weight status of adolescents in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. Methods: A total of 455 adolescents aged 13-16 years (50.3% male and 49.7% female) were recruited from five randomly selected schools through a multistage cluster sampling. Body weight and height were assessed and body mass index (BMI) was computed. Weight teasing by peers, self-esteem and academic related stressor were assessed using self-administered questionnaire of Perception of Teasing Scale (POTS), Rosenberg Self esteem Scale (RSE) and Secondary School Stressor (SSS) respectively. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 17.1% and 12.2%. Binary logistic regression revealed that adolescents who experienced weight teasing by their peers had 12 times higher odds to be overweight and obese. However, low self-esteem and high academic stressor were associated with a reduction in the likelihood of being overweight and obese. This rather contradictory results may be due to various factors that may affect the adolescents’ self-esteem and academic related stressor. Conclusion: Intervention programmes need to consider the peer environment of adolescents, increasing awareness on the effect of weight teasing by peers and further well designed study is crucial to stimulate the central understanding of psy- chosocial correlates to the adolescent obesity.
Fulltext Prevalence of food insecurity and associated factors among freeliving older persons in Selangor, Malaysia

Siti Farhana Mesbah, Norhasmah Sulaiman, Zalilah Mohd Shariff, Zuriati Ibrahim

Malays J Nutr, 2018;24(3):349-357.
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Introduction: Older persons are vulnerable to food insecurity. This study
aimed to determine the prevalence of food security and associated factors
among free-living older persons in Petaling District, Selangor. Methods:
A total of 220 free-living older persons aged 60-87 years were selected by
using the cluster sampling method in this cross-sectional study. Faceto-face interviews were conducted to obtain information concerning the
demographic and socioeconomic background, food security, oral health, and
psychosocial status. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis
were used to analyse the studied variables. Results: The median age of the
respondents was 65.5 years, and 19.5% were found as food insecure. There
were significant associations between marital status (χ2=6.818), education
level (χ2=6.242), occupation status (χ2=7.540), monthly income (χ2=9.940,),
and oral health status (χ2=9.627) with food security status. Those with a low
monthly income (AOR=2.449, 95% CI: 1.046-5.732), poor oral health status
(AOR: 3.306, 95% CI: 1.387-7.889) and living in rented accommodation
(AOR=6.218, 95% CI: 1.458-26.518) were more likely to be food insecure.
Conclusion: Respondents with an income lower than the poverty line
income (PLI), living in rented accommodation and poor oral health status
face increased risk of food insecurity. A nutrition assistance programme is
suggested to improve the socioeconomic and food security status of older
persons. Regular oral check-ups are recommended to improve the oral
health status of the elderly.
Fulltext Associations of sociodemographic factors and body image with body weight status among Yemeni adolescents in Selangor and Putrajaya, Malaysia

Abdulwali Ali Mareh, Zuriati Ibrahim, Faisal Ali, Ahmed Al-Shahethi, Hazizi Abu Saad

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):63-68.
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Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of malnutrition in Yemen, little is known on malnourished Yemeni adoles- cents in Malaysia. This study aimed to assess the body weight status among Yemeni adolescents in Malaysia and its association with sociodemographic factors and body image. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 364 Yemeni adolescents aged between 12 to 18 years were recruited from four schools in Selangor and Putrajaya, Malaysia. So- ciodemographic factors and body image data were collected through face to face interview. Height and body weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.6%, with 5.2% of thinness. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that a family income greater than RM5,001 (OR = 3.77, p = 0.004), body shape dissatisfaction (OR = 3.54, p = 0.001) and perception of overweight/obesity (OR
= 5.75, p = 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of being overweight and obese. Whereas a positive per- ception of underweight (OR = 0.23, p = 0.009) was found to be a significant protective factor against overweight and obesity. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are prevalent among Yemeni adolescents in Malaysia. These findings highlight the need for regular weight status assessments amongst adolescents. Additionally, an obesity intervention program that incorporates body image perception may improve the children’s body weight status.
Fulltext What has been done to tackle overweight and obesity in Malaysia?: A literature review (2005 – 2015)

Siew Tin, Tan, Mohd-Sidik, Sherina, Lekhraj, Rampal, Normala, Ibrahim, Kit-Aun, Tan, Zuriati, Ibrahim

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(2):56-72.
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As reported by the World Health Organisation (2014), Malaysia is the fattest country among the Southeast Asia. Among others, obesity is a leading contributor of non-communicable diseases (e.g., type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer). This article aims to review the exiting weight management programmes targeting overweight and obesity in Malaysia from 2005 to 2015. The findings from this review could be useful for future intervention efforts in an attempt to address such issues in Malaysia.
Fulltext Nutritional status in relation to depressive symptoms among Chinese elderly in Malaysia

Choong Horng Tatt, Siti Nur ‘Asyura Adznam, Zuriati Ibrahim, Camilla Wahida Norazman

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(201):53-60.
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Introduction: The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms (DS) among Malaysian Chinese elderly. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using interviewer-administered ques- tionnaire conducted in a peri-urban area in Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia among 112 free-living residents aged 60 years and above, mean age 71.4±7.01 (60 to 89) years. Dietary food intakes and DS were assessed by 24-hour di- etary recall and 15-items Chinese Geriatric Depression Scale (C-GDS-15), respectively. Anthropometric parameters were obtained using standard procedures. Results: The prevalence of DS among the respondents was 36.6%. Most respondents reported physically inactive (96.5%), abdominal obesity (61.6%) and on average high selenium (81.9± 54.44) and low calcium intake (309 ± 173.36). According to MLR model, folate (β=-0.206, p=0.007), magnesium (β=-0.209, p=0.007) and iron (β=-0.202, p=0.009) intake were significant predictors of GDS score only if they were analyzed separately in the MLR model. However, after adjustment for gender, and other dietary nutrient intake, there were only good money satisfaction (OR=2.48, p=0.001) and dietary intake of iron (OR=1.385, p=0.050) showed significant associations with lower risk reporting DS. Conclusions: Prevalence of DS could be restricted by achieving a good economic satisfaction for the living and adequate intake of dietary iron, which with good overall nutrient will reflect a good nutritional status and health being.
Fulltext Levels of knowledge about the glycemic index concept among women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Norfarhana Mohd Anuar, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Farah Yasmin Hasbullah, Siti Nur’Asyura Adznam, Zuriati Ibrahim, Nor Fadhlina Zakaria, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(3):185-191.
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Introduction: Low glycemic index (GI) diet is recommended as part of medical nutrition therapy for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). While the clinical benefits are evident, data assessing knowledge of the GI concept among women with GDM are scarce. This was a needs assessment study to determine the level of knowl- edge about the GI concept among women with GDM. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we included 85 women with GDM (mean age: 30.6 ± 4.0, pre-pregnancy BMI: 24.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2, gestational age: 34.0 ± 4.0 weeks) from Hospital Serdang, Malaysia. Knowledge about the GI concept was assessed using a developed questionnaire. Additional questions on GDM were assessed using Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Questionnaire (GDM- KQ). Subjects with less than 50%, 51-74%, and more than 75% total score were categorized as having poor, fair, and good knowledge levels, respectively. Results: The mean knowledge score obtained by the subjects was 12.8 ± 3.5. More subjects scored correctly for GDM-related knowledge (68.2%). More than half (58.8%) had heard about the GI concept previously and 55.3% understood the definition of GI. The average knowledge score about the GI con- cept was 55.6%; subjects scored highest on the influence of different carbohydrates (teh tarik versus milk) on blood glucose level (87.1%). However, the majority of the subjects had fair knowledge level (62.4%). Conclusion: Women with GDM had moderate knowledge about the GI concept. Results of the needs assessment served as preliminary data for the development of a GI-based nutrition education program in Malaysia.
Fulltext Contributions of socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics, functional status and physical activity level on prevalence of depressive symptoms among rural elderly in Johor state

Siti Nur 'Asyura Adznam, Nur Aqlili Riana Hamzah, Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib, Chan, Yoke Mun, Zuriati Ibrahim, Syafinas Azam

Malays J Nutr, 2018;24(2):175-183.
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Introduction: Depression and depressive symptom are common among the
elderly. This study aimed to determine the influence of multiple factors and their
correlations on the prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly residents in
selected FELDA schemes in Johor state.

Methods: A total of 269 respondents were
recruited through systematic sampling. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to
obtain information on socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics using
pre-tested validated questionnaires; For functional status, the Lawton-IADL Scale
was used to assess independent living skills; the Short Physical Performance Battery
(SPPB) questionnaire was used to assess physical performance; cognitive function
was assessed by the Hodkinson Abbreviated Mental Test (HAMT); physical activity
level was determined using the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA);
and depressive symptoms were assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15.

Results: Mean age of the respondents was 69.5±5.2 years. Prevalence of depressive
symptoms was determined as 3.7%. Almost half (47.6%) were unable to perform
one or more Lawton-IADL items, 30.9% had low physical performance, 15.6% had
abnormal cognitive function and only 30.6% were physically active. There were
significant correlations between the socio-demographic characteristics (age and
monthly income; r=-0.135 and rs
=-0.133 respectively; p
Fulltext Impact of dietitian delivered intensive nutrition intervention on dietary intake and weight outcome among gynecology cancer outpatient prior to surgery

Aini Masitah Mohammad, Zalina Abu Zaid, Ho Chiou Yi, Zuriati Ibrahim, Zulfitri ‘Azuan Mat Daud, Nor Baizura Md. Yusop, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):122-130.
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Introduction: This is open label randomised control trial, aimed to identify whether an early (commenced at the time of diagnosis) and intensive nutrition intervention (INI) (individualised dietary counselling, oral nutritional sup- plements [ONS], telephone, and home visit) can improve weight and dietary intake of gynaecological cancer (GC) patients preoperatively. Methods: Selected GC patients planned for surgery were randomly grouped into control group (CG) (n = 35) and intervention group (IG) (n = 34). Malnutrition screening tool (MST) was used as a screening tool, while Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used as a nutrition assessment tool. IG received an intensive individualised dietary counselling with the supply of ONS at baseline (Day 1). This continued with telephone and home visit follow-up by research dietitian (Day 3 and Day 6). Meanwhile, CG only received general nutritional counselling without supply of ONS. Final assessment was conducted on Day 14. The primary outcomes included weight changes measured using TANITA and dietary intake assessment using 24-hour diet recall. Results: Mean duration of INI was 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, there was a significant weight change between groups (p < 0.001), with 0.14% weight gain in IG and 1.3% weight reduction in CG. Mean energy and protein intake of IG were higher compared to CG by +329 kcal/day and +12.2 g/day, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that INI that incorporated individualised dietary counselling, ONS, telephone counselling, and home visit can increase energy and protein intake of GC patients, resulting in weight gain.
Fulltext Lactobacillus helveticus (ATCC 27558) upregulates Runx2 and Bmp2 and modulates bone mineral density in ovariectomy-induced bone loss rats

Parvaneh M, Karimi G, Jamaluddin R, Ng MH, Zuriati I, Muhammad SI

Clin Interv Aging, 2018;13:1555-1564.
PMID: 30214175 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S169223

Purpose: Osteoporosis is one of the major health concerns among the elderly population, especially in postmenopausal women. Many menopausal women over 50 years of age lose their bone density and suffer bone fractures. In addition, many mortality and morbidity cases among the elderly are related to hip fracture. This study aims to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus helveticus (L. helveticus) on bone health status among ovariectomized (OVX) bone loss-induced rats.
Methods: The rats were either OVX or sham OVX (sham), then were randomly assigned into three groups, G1: sham, G2: OVX and G3: OVX+L. helveticus (1 mL of 108-109 colony forming units). The supplementation was force-fed to the rats once a day for 16 weeks while control groups were force-fed with demineralized water.
Results: L. helveticus upregulated the expression of Runx2 and Bmp2, increased serum osteocalcin, bone volume/total volume and trabecular thickness, and decreased serum C-terminal telopeptide and total porosity percentage. It also altered bone microstructure, as a result increasing bone mineral density and bone strength.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that L. helveticus attenuates bone remodeling and consequently improves bone health in OVX rats by increasing bone formation along with bone resorption reduction. This study suggests a potential therapeutic effect of L. helveticus (ATCC 27558) on postmenopausal osteoporosis.