Kerancakan IR 4.0 telah menjadikan teknologi internet sebagai saluran komunikasi dan carian maklumat utama kepada pengguna internet. Di sebalik pembangunan ini, pengguna dibelenggu dengan pelbagai masalah pasaran yang melibatkan produk dan perkhidmatan. Memandangkan golongan muda sering menjadi mangsa dalam pelbagai masalah pasaran, kajian terhadap mahasiswa Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) di Malaysia amatlah penting agar mereka dapat memahami dan melaksanakan tanggungjawab sebagai pengguna dengan baik melalui amalan kepenggunaan seharian. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan profil mahasiswa IPT berkaitan amalan kepenggunaan agar tanggungjawab mereka sebagai pengguna dapat diperbaiki. Pemboleh ubah yang dikaji adalah faktor demografi iaitu jantina, umur, etnik, tahap pendidikan, bidang pengajian, tempoh menjadi ahli kelab pengguna, dan status keahlian di dalam kelab pengguna serta faktor tingkah laku iaitu amalan kepenggunaan. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 800 mahasiswa IPT daripada sepuluh buah IPT yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak berperingkat. Penganalisisan data menggunakan analisis Ujian Khi Kuasa Dua dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS). Hasil pemprofilan mendapati ciri responden yang perlu diberi penekanan dalam pendidikan pengguna ialah mereka daripada etnik Melayu dan Cina, yang masih bujang, dan mempunyai tahap pendidikan diploma dan ijazah sarjana muda tanpa mengira jantina, umur, asal, IPT, semester pengajian, bidang pengajian, dan keahlian dalam kelab pengguna. Kajian ini memberi implikasi kepada Kementerian Perdagangan Dalam Negeri, dan Hal Ehwal Pengguna (KPDNHEP), persatuan pengguna, dan pihak institusi dalam meningkatkan program pendidikan pengguna melalui seminar kepenggunaan, penerbitan, edaran bahan berkaitan kepenggunaan, pertandingan serta penyampaian melalui media massa dan media sosial berpandukan ciri-ciri mahasiswa yang perlu diberi penekanan agar tahap amalan kepenggunaan mahasiswa IPT di Malaysia semakin kukuh pada masa akan datang.
With the recent innovation in financial markets, it has now become ever more unavoidable for the employees to be more knowledgeable and proficient in managing their finances. Financial markets terrain has changed so much resulting in the disposal to a wider choice of financial products and services. The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing financial well-being among employees in an organization in Nigeria. This research focused on employees in Ikeja local government council of Lagos, state Nigeria. Based on the sample size determination, the sample size was estimated at approximately 392 employees. Simple random sampling was used in the selection of the sample. Employees were chosen based on staff profiles in each department. The result of this study is that financial decisions are becoming increasingly complex and demanding. Availability of easy innovative loans and credit products, financial market restructuring and technological advancements in the mode of offering and distributing financial and services have indisputably left many people confused while making decisions on the assortment of savings opportunities. A standard self-administered questionnaire was employed to gather data among 392 selected employees from a local government in Lagos state, Nigeria. It was revealed that the most influential factor for financial well-being is financial strain based on the output of the result. In conclusion, the financial strain of an employee, makes employees to be more cautious of their spending, which will have more effects on their financial well-being.
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi amalan pengambilan makanan lestari dalam kalangan isi rumah di Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Sebanyak 200 orang responden telah dipilih secara pensampelan rawak mudah dan maklumat dikumpul dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik. Hasil analisis regresi linear pelbagai menunjukkan pengaruh faktor-faktor peramal bagi amalan pengambilan makanan lestari ialah sebanyak 33.8%. Kesimpulannya, faktor-faktor peramal yang mempengaruhi amalan pengambilan makanan lestari ialah kesedaran dan sikap. Oleh itu, kajian ini berpotensi sebagai sumber maklumat kepada pengeluar, pasaraya, media dan pengusaha makanan domestik berhubung kepentingan makanan lestari dalam pembangunan produk dan pengedaran bahan pengiklanan, justeru dapat menyediakan menu yang berkhasiat, sihat dan seimbang kepada masyarakat.
This research aimed to investigate the factors influencing students’ intention to adopt e-wallet in Universiti Putra Malaysia. There were 200 university students from Universiti Putra Malaysia participated in this research where they were chosen through simple random sampling method and systematic sampling method. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The findings showed that UPM students’ intention to adopt e-wallet had positive relationship with perceived usefulness (r = 0.846, p = 0.001), perceived ease of use (r = 0.773, p = 0.001), perceived security (r = 0.397, p = 0.001) and subjective norms (r = 0.528, p = 0.001). Meanwhile, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that the model contributed a total of 77.1% and perceived usefulness appeared as the most significant factor that contributed to the intention to adopt e-wallet among UPM students. Therefore, e-wallet companies and developers should educate and create awareness for the public about e-wallet’s features as well as encourage consumers to adopt e-wallet by providing them rewards for inviting friends to download and use.
Many people are now expressing their increased concern about serious environmental destruction as a result of human irresponsible environmental behaviour. The aim of this paper is to explore current scenarios of intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source between households in Selangor. A total of 400 respondents in Selangor who aged 18 and above were employed to respond to bilingual research questionnaires. The results of the descriptive investigation indicated that plastic was the most major solid waste material segregated daily among the respondents. The majority of Selangor citizens surveyed had heard about and strongly supported this environmental policy. Approximately half of the sample agreed that the policy of solid waste segregation-at-source was extremely important in addressing serious negative global environmental issues. Unfortunately, due to a lack of awareness as well as insufficient technologies and facilities in their housing areas, one-fifth of the respondents had never intended to practise solid waste segregation-at-source in their daily lives. By realising ongoing challenges in the long-term implementation of solid waste segregation-at-source in Malaysia, this current research therefore provides an essential opportunity to explore the importance of having the intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source among Malaysian citizens and of enriching existing local literature.
Kemajuan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi menerusi pengenalan dan aplikasi sistem kedudukan global (GPS - Global Positioning System) dan papan tanda elektronik telah melancarkan mobiliti pengguna di jalan raya terutama di kawasan bandar. Justeru, kajian ini akan mengupas persepsi pengguna terhadap penggunaan alat pandu arah atau kombinasi alat pantu arah yang kerap digunakan oleh pengguna belia. Menerusi soal selidik yang diedarkan di sekitar Lembah Klang, terdapat tiga dapatan utama. Pertama, papan tanda masih menjadi pandu arah ke destinasi serta menjadi amaran atau isyarat situasi sebenar di jalan raya. Kedua, pengguna selesa menggunakan aplikasi GPS menerusi telefon pintar berbanding dengan GPS terbina pada kenderaan, terutama di kawasan bandar. Ketiga, responden lebih menggunakan kombinasi papan tanda dan aplikasi GPS pada telefon pintar apabila membuat perjalanan di jalan raya berbanding dengan kombinasi papan tanda, aplikasi GPS pada telefon pintar dan GPS terbina pada kenderaan. Keputusan ini dilihat dapat membantu penawaran bagi ketiga-tiga alat pandu arah tersebut untuk menambah baik perkhidmatan dan meningkatkan lagi keunikan alat pandu arah tersebut agar kekal releven dalam pasaran pada masa hadapan.
Alcohol is an organic solvent that generally used in research and industry especially in food, pharmaceutical and beverage products. It is also reported widely used in cosmetic industries to produce cosmetic products such as perfume, skin care and personal care products. However, the discussions on shariah and alcohol issue are still very limited. Thus, the main focus of the present study is to analyze the status of alcohol in shariah by focusing on analyzing history of alcohol. Furthermore, issues related to alcohol in Islam were also discussed in this article.
Health risk factors have been highlighted among Nigerian students at Universiti Putra Malaysia, but the pattern of food expenditure on diets that are said to be a control measure for the prevalence of risk factors such as chronic diseases, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been poorly discussed. The purpose of this paper is to examine food expenditure on diets and its relationship to health risk factors among Nigerian students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. Cross-sectional research design was used and data for the study was obtained using structured questionnaire. A total of 236 Nigerian students’ participants from Universiti Putra Malaysia aged 25-45 years consented to participate in this study and 233 were selected through systematic random sampling. Health conditions and personal risk factors were measured with the Institute for Public Health (2015) of National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS, 2011) questionnaire. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2007-2008) of Flexible Consumer Behavior Survey (FCBS) on food expenditure questionnaire was used in measuring all food and beverages spending of respondents for the period of 30 days. The data collected was cleaned and entered into a database and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analyses for continuous data were expressed in mean and standard deviation while categorical data were presented in percentage. Pearson correlation analyses were used to examine the relationship between food expenditure on diets and health risk factors. The findings of the study showed that 67% were males and 33% females. The association between health risk factors and food expenditure were positively weak, but significant r = 0.14, (231), p < 0.05. The findings suggested that an increase in food expenditure pattern on diets was significantly associated with a minimal increase in health risk factors. For an average student food expenditure on diets, this can lead to a real obstacle to healthy eating. The findings provided recommendations for food expenditure on diets and health risk factors interventions and policies aimed at University students.
The increase in cost of living due to the price fluctuation of consumer products, together with the environmental influence to experience affluent life-style, drive individuals to seek more financial resources. Tendency to abuse power within certain authority that they have, seldomly are inevitable especially with the constraint of money, and the eagerness to be in a higher social class. Restraining oneself from bribery at work-place may be due to various factors in relation to the individuals background and behaviour. Hence, this study is designed to identify behavioural finance and financial well-being factors as potential factors differentiating bribery intention. Random selection is based on a list of ministries situated in Putrajaya, Federal Territory of Malaysia involving eight ministries. Through liaison officers in those ministries, 400 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the workers resulting in 310 completed questionnaires. Behavioural factors that are Islamic financial planning attitude, Islamic financial planning subjective norms, Islamic financial planning perceived behavioural control and the financial well-being status are found to be significantly differentiating between those having low intention and high intention to bribery. Inclination to Islamic financial planning involving financial products consumption has the potential to draw them further from bribery. Financially well individuals, due to good spending behaviour will, have lower tendencies to be involved in bribery. It also reflects that individuals who intend to be involved in bribery is based on their own urge and not others as their role models. The results have managerial implication where, bribery intention may be reduced through intervention programs. Educating the Muslim workers to consume Islamic financial products will contribute to reducing the chance of bribery. Induction training for new workers should emphasis on the importance of avoiding bribery. These can enable the employers to curb bribery practices especially among public sector workers who have certain authorities on their part.
The informal sector is a major part of the Malaysian economy, and there is still insufficient information about the informal economic activities in Malaysia. In the term, 'informal economy' became current as a label for economic activities which take place outside the framework of corporate public and private sector establishments. According to International Labor Organization (ILO), the common characteristics of the informal enterprise includes the ease of entry, reliance on an indigenous resource, family ownership, small scale operations, labour-intensive and adaptive technology, skills acquired outside of the formal sector, unregulated and competitive markets. The objective of this paper is to identify the participation of informal sector among women in Malaysia. How much females participate in the informal sector and why they participate. This paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities of women participating in the informal sector in Malaysia to explain why females participate in the informal sector and the policy implications of their participation. The study found that the major challenges of women involved in informal activities which are financial difficulties, social security protection, low income, and low productivity activities with no rules/regulation. Despite all these challenges, these women are very positive about their employment and business. While informality offers greater labour flexibility, it can also exacerbate economic inefficiency and labour vulnerability. There are separate policy options for formalising workers and firms. To maximise the positive and minimise the negative, indiscriminate formalisation is ill-advised. The importance of local context in policy design is also highlighted.
Menurut laporan yang dikeluarkan oleh Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM, 2016) dijangkakan penduduk Malaysia akan mengalami peningkatan daripada 28.6 juta kepada 38.6 juta pada tahun 2040. Sehubungan itu, profesion sebagai pemandu teksi merupakan pekerjaan profesional seperti pemandu bas, kereta api, traktor, forklift dan lain-lain lagi. Oleh itu, pelbagai faktor perlu diberikan perhatian bagi memastikan bahawa pemandu teksi warga tua boleh melakukan tugasan mereka dengan baik dan dalam keadaan kesihatan yang baik. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada analisis ergonomik terhadap kesihatan dan keselamatan kalangan pemandu teksi warga tua di Malaysia. Kajian keratan rentas telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan soal selidik bersemuka. Kaedah persampelan bertujuan digunakan berdasarkan kriteria inklusif; umur 60 tahun dan ke atas, memandu sendiri teksi lebih daripada satu tahun, tiada kecacatan dan didaftarkan dengan Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (SPAD). Sejumlah 443 responden mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Perisian SPSS versi 2.0 digunakan untuk analsis data dan Khi Kuasa Dua. Postur pemanduan yang tidak baik kalangan pemandu teksi warga tua mampu mendatangkan ketidakselesaan dan menghasilkan masalah kesihatan berkaitan pada muskuloskeletal disorders (MSDs). Implikasi terhadap kesedaran yang rendah pada pendidikan tentang ergonomik mampu memberi kesan pada kualiti gaya hidup dan kesihatan kalangan pemandu teksi warga tua di Malaysia.
This paper aims to profile the backgrounds of the respondents by sex disaggregated, to measure the relationship between two levels of vulnerability and the sex of the respondents, to correlate between two levels of vulnerability, two levels of household financial wellbeing (HFW) and the sex of the vulnerable respondents in freshwater fisheries communities in Peninsular Malaysia. The vulnerable respondents in this paper were sampled through multi-level random sampling. The study locations were Pekan Pahang, Padang Terap Kedah, Lenggong Perak, and Kuala Pilah Negeri Sembilan, which had been sampled to represent the Eastern, Northern, Middle, and Southern Zones of Peninsular Malaysia. With the assistance of the Penghulu (sub-district leader) and the Department of Fisheries in each district, ten villages with freshwater fisheries economic activities were identified and sampled. Fifty male and fifty female vulnerable respondents were sampled in each district with 400 respondents in total reporting. The questionnaire listed seven vulnerability types. On average, the vulnerable respondents in this paper were older people and mostly older single mothers. The majority of the women were older single mothers, less educated, and poorer than men. A significant (p
Setiap individu pasti akan memainkan peranannya sebagai seorang pengguna. Dalam peranannya sebagai seorang pengguna, mereka sentiasa memfokuskan kepada pemilihan sesuatu barangan atau perkhidmatan yang memberikan kepuasan yang maksimum kepada diri mereka. Selain itu, hal ini juga berhubung kait dengan persekitaran, iaitu selain pemilihan barangan atau perkhidmatan, mereka juga menekankan kepada keadaan persekitaran yang mendorong kepada kebersihan, reka bentuk dan harga dalam pemilihan sesuatu tempat. Oleh itu, kajian telah dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengguna dalam pemilihan restoran makanan India Muslim di sekitar Sri Serdang, Serdang Raya dan Sri Kembangan. Kajian ini dijalankan menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Seramai 90 responden restoran makanan India Muslim telah dipilih sebagai responden untuk kajian ini. Data telah dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan pakej Statistik untuk Sains Sosial (SPSS) bagi mendapat maklumat deskriptif. Ujian ANOVA dan ujian korelasi Pearson pula digunakan untuk mendapatkan maklumat kajian inferensi. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kebanyakan pelanggan yang mengunjungi restoran makanan India Muslim ialah golongan lelaki berbanding dengan golongan wanita. Selain itu, kriteria pemilihan restoran makanan India Muslim juga diambil kira dalam kajian ini dan faktor-faktor yang difokuskan ialah kualiti makanan, layanan yang diberikan, harga yang ditawarkan dan kebersihan di restoran. Persepsi pengguna terhadap kebersihan restoran adalah pada tahap yang memuaskan. Selain itu, hasil kajian juga menekankan faktor dalaman restoran yang mempengaruhi pengguna. Hal ini menjadi satu faktor yang penting untuk menarik pelanggan. Faktor dalaman restoran pula mempunyai persekitaran yang baik, seperti susun atur meja dan kerusi yang kemas dan teratur serta warna kedai yang menarik. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini, dicadangkan agar pihak pengurusan restoran makanan India Muslim mengambil kira segala perkara yang berkaitan dengan persekitaran restoran makanan India Muslim supaya dapat mewujudkan hubungan yang baik dengan pelanggan. Selain itu, pemilik restoran juga dapat meningkatkan keselesaan pengguna dengan menyediakan suasana persekitaran kedai makanan yang lebih selesa, ceria, bersih dan teratur supaya pelanggan dapat menjamu selera.
As the global halal market grows bigger, the supply chain also increases in its complexity. This is due to the participation of various stakeholders in halal logistics. The enormous size of the market causes various issues such as lack of transparency and traceability, data silos, inefficiency in documentation as well as difficulties from the difference in the school of thoughts (mazhab) and halal practices. Blockchain technology was proposed to solve these issues. This research intends to study the application of blockchain technology in halal logistics from an Islamic perspective. The researcher uses literature review method to search for relevant information which consists of secondary sources such as journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, articles from website and books. Blockchain can be defined as digitalized public ledger within a peer-to-peer network containing information of transactions made. The application of blockchain technology will benefit halal logistics in increasing transparency and traceability, faster and leaner as well as a secure and reliable system. Track and trace of information and certification of halal products can be made swiftly. Smart contracts within blockchain technology can further improve the speed of transactions with different halal requirements. Lastly, the blockchain is secure and reliable, which cannot be tampered and hacked. Islam sees technology and science as assets which Muslims should have. The blockchain technology can be used as long as it is free from any forbidden elements such as riba, gharar and maysir. The usage should also follow the Islamic ethics and principles. Islam also encourages Muslims to achieve excellence in their works by using any resources and methods available. The features the technology brings are also aligned with the objectives of shariah. In conclusion, blockchain technology can contribute to better halal logistics and bring us a step further to achieve a halal economy.
This aim of this paper is to analyse descriptively the attitude, descriptive norm, injunctive norm, and environmental knowledge in the research scope of the intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source. 400 respondents living in the townships of the nine districts of Selangor, namely Sabak Bernam, Ulu Selangor, Kuala Selangor, Gombak, Ulu Langat, Petaling, Klang, Kuala Langat, and Sepang, were employed via a multistage sampling method to carry out this research. A self-administered bilingual questionnaire was used to collect quantified research data among respondents in order to examine their intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source in daily routine. The descriptive analysis of the current quantitative data was then analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26.0. The results of the descriptive investigation inferred that, overall, the Selangor households surveyed were perceived to have a favourable attitude, a high level of intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source and environmental knowledge but moderately influenced by the descriptive norm and injunctive norm throughout the research. The present research has played a significant role in enriching the existing scarce and limited Malaysian literature on the intention to practise the solid waste segregation-at-source.
Perkhidmatan penghantaran makanan adalah satu perniagaan yang semakin popular
di Malaysia. Permintaan terhadap perkhidmatan ini bukan sahaja daripada kalangan
pekerja pejabat, tetapi juga daripada kalangan mahasiswa di universiti. Oleh itu,
tujuan utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti sosioekonomi mahasiswa yang
menggunakan perkhidmatan ini, dan juga menganalisis atribut dan persepsi
penggunaan perkhidmatan penghantaran makanan dalam kalangan mahasiswa di
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Kajian ini terdiri daripada 200 orang mahasiswa
UPM yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak sistematik. Persempelan Rawak
sistematik dijalankan bagi mendapatkan responden di empat kolej kediaman yang
terpilih. Soal selidik yang digunakan berasaskan Kurtz model. Ia bertujuan untuk
mengetahui atribut perkhidmatan yang ada di pasaran kini, dan persepsi penggunaan
perkhidmatan penghantaran makanan dalam kalangan mahasiswa. Hasil kajian
menunjukkan responden wanita dan responden dari bandar lebih ramai
menggunakan perkhidmatan penghantaran makanan. Atribut perkhidmatan yang
paling tinggi peratusnya ialah atribut perkhidmatan ini memudahkan. Perkhidmatan
penghantaran makanan memudahkan mahasiswa mendapat makanan dan
memenuhi keperluan fisiologi. Responden dalam kajian ini berpuas hati
menggunakan perkhidmatan penghantaran makanan ini. Hasil kajian ini
menyumbang data kepada pengusaha restoran yang menjual makanan secara atas
talian apatah lagi pada era Covid-19. Data ini dapat digunakan oleh pengusaha
restoran dalam memahami pengguna atas talian serta mengatasi permasalahan
pengguna, terutama golongan mahasiswa.