MyMedR

Fulltext Lung cancer: a review of 589 Malaysian patients

Gopal P, Iyawoo K, Hooi Lai Ngoh, Parameswary V

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Dec;43(4):288-96.

PMID: 2853822

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/complications; Carcinoma, Small Cell/epidemiology*

Fulltext Lung cancer in Kelantan

Yaacob I, Ahmad Z, Harun Z

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):220-4.

PMID: 1966930

A review of 119 patients (88 males and 31 females) with carcinoma of the lung seen at the Hospital University Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 1984 to 1989 was done. The mean age of the patients was 60.3 years with a high proportion (76.6%) of them were between 41 and 70 years. Seventy five percent of patients (84% of men and 26% of women) were smokers. The Chinese have a significantly higher preponderance to carcinoma of the lung. The commonest histological type found was squamous cell carcinoma in men and adenocarcinoma in women. Small cell carcinoma was uncommon. Squamous cell and large cell/undifferentiated type of carcinoma were significantly associated with smoking behaviour of the patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/epidemiology*

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: Review of classification and current developments in diagnosis and management

Kavitha Nagandla, Sharifah Sulaiha, Sivalingam Nalliah, Norfadzilah Mohd Yusof

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2017;11(1):2-11.

MyJurnal

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the female
reproductive tract are a heterogeneous group of rare
neoplasms posing both diagnostic and therapeutic
challenges. The recent classification by WHO
includes neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and
neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). NECs are the poorly
differentiated small cell carcinoma (SCNEC) and
large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), while
well-differentiated NETs include typical carcinoids
(TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC). Majority of
these tumours have an aggressive clinical course and
published data is supportive of multi-modal therapeutic
strategies. Etoposide/platinum based chemotherapy is
commonly advocated. Histopathological categorisation
and diagnosis are paramount to guide therapy.
Well-differentiated carcinoid and atypical
carcinoid tumours should be managed similar to
gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.
This review discusses the current classification, clinicpathologic
characteristics and advances in the diagnostic
evaluation and the treatment options of neuroendocrine
carcinoma of the cervix.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell

Lung cancer in Malaysia

Menon MA, Saw HS

Thorax, 1979 Apr;34(2):269-73.

PMID: 225839

Between 1967 and 1976, 388 cases of lung cancer were seen at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, with histological confirmation in 72%. Most were aged from 50--80, with a male to female ratio of 2.8 : 1. The patients were predominantly of Chinese origin (82%) and from the lower socioeconomic strata. A history of smoking was elicited in 78%. The chief clinical and radiological features and the diagnostic methods are presented. The incidence of the histological types was squamous carcinoma 34%, adenocarcinoma 25%, large cell carcinoma 12%, small (oat) cell carcinoma 12%, "unidifferentiated/anaplastic" 15%, and others 2%. Malays appeared to have a higher percentage of adenocarcinoma. A comparison between the histologically confirmed group and the rest showed no significant difference in features. Problems pertaining to the management of Malaysian patients are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/epidemiology

Fulltext Treatment of small cell lung cancer with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and vincristine (CAV) combination therapy: experience at University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Lee SM

Singapore Med J, 1990 Aug;31(4):317-20.

PMID: 2175049

Seventeen patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were treated with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and vincristine (CAV) combination chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 76.5% with 47% achieving complete response and 29.5% partial response. In limited and extensive stage disease, complete response was achieved in 67% and 36.5% respectively. Chinese were the predominant ethnic group affected (82%). Six patients presenting with superior vena cava obstruction responded significantly to CAV chemotherapy alone. Median survival for patients with extensive disease was 7.4 months. All patients with limited disease were still alive. Two relapsed patients with limited disease achieved significant response to VP-16/Cisplatin combination chemotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy*

A rare case of intussusception associated with metastasized small cell carcinoma of lung

Jarmin R, Azman A, Rahim R, Kosai NR, Das S

Acta Med Iran, 2012;50(11):782-4.

PMID: 23292632

Intussusception is common cause of bowel obstruction in the paediatric age group compared to the elderly population. Many times, the diagnosis may be difficult because of asymptomatic nature of this bowel disorder. We hereby describe the case of a 75-year-old male who presented with lethargy, weakness, loss of movement in the joints and was found to be anemic. The haemoglobin level was low so he was transfused with packed cells. On gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, upper GI bleed was observed. A mass was observed beyond ampulla at the 2nd and 3rd part of the duodenal junction. Computerized tomography (CT) scan also showed a mass at the head of pancreas and the lesion at the left lung. In view of persistent bleed, 'Whipple's procedure' was performed. Histopathological examination showed small cell carcinoma of the lungs with metastasis to the pancreas and the jejunum. We here discuss the case of intussusception with intestinal metastasis which presented with gastrointestinal bleeding.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/complications*; Carcinoma, Small Cell/radiography; Carcinoma, Small Cell/secondary; Carcinoma, Small Cell/surgery

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: a rare case

Tang IP, Singh S, Krishnan G, Looi LM

J Laryngol Otol, 2012 Dec;126(12):1284-6.

PMID: 23084156 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215112002435

We report a rare case of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with intracranial extension, and discuss the management of this rare tumour.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/surgery*

Fulltext Combination chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer

Sufarlan AW, Zainudin BM

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):166-70.

PMID: 8394502

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) disseminates early and has poor prognosis. However, SCLC is highly chemosensitive, thus chemotherapy has been established as the primary mode of treatment. Seventeen patients (15 males and 2 females) with median age of 60 years (range 49 to 74 years) were treated with combination cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, adriamycin 40 mg/m2, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide (VP 16) 75 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3 (CAVE). This combination was given in 6 courses at 3 weekly intervals. The response to the chemotherapy and the quality of life of patients was assessed at the third cycle and after the completion of therapy (sixth cycle). The overall response rate was 76.4%; 52.9% achieved complete response and 23.5% had partial response. The survival rate at 6 months was 70.8% and 4 patients (23.5%) were still alive after 1 year of chemotherapy. The median survival after therapy was 36 weeks. There was a 30% overall improvement in the Karnofsky performance score at the completion of chemotherapy. This study illustrated that the CAVE regimen is effective and beneficial in the majority of our patients with small cell lung cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy*; Carcinoma, Small Cell/mortality

The anti-idiotype vaccines for immunotherapy

Bhattacharya-Chatterjee M, Chatterjee SK, Foon KA

Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther., 2001 Feb;3(1):63-9.

PMID: 11249733

Certain anti-idiotypic antibodies that bind to the antigen-combining sites of antibodies can effectively mimic the three-dimensional structures and functions of the external antigens and can be used as surrogate antigens for active specific immunotherapy. Extensive studies in animal models have demonstrated the efficacy of these vaccines for triggering the immune system to induce specific and protective immunity against bacterial, viral and parasitic infections as well as tumors. Several monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies that mimic distinct human tumor-associated antigens have been developed and characterized. Encouraging results have been obtained in recent clinical trials using these anti-idiotype antibodies as vaccines. In this article, we will review the current literature and discuss the potential of this novel therapeutic approach for various human cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/therapy

Lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years in a multiracial Asian country

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM

Respirology, 2000 Dec;5(4):355-61.

PMID: 11192546

This study aimed to determine whether the clinicopathological features of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years differ from that of older patients in an Asian country.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/ethnology*; Carcinoma, Small Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/therapy

Changes in the distribution of lung cancer cell types and patient demography in a developing multiracial Asian country: experience of a university teaching hospital

Liam CK, Pang YK, Leow CH, Poosparajah S, Menon A

Lung Cancer, 2006 Jul;53(1):23-30.

PMID: 16690159

A comparison of patients with lung cancer diagnosed at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from October 1991 to September 1999 with another group of lung cancer patients diagnosed at the same hospital during an earlier period of 1967-1976 was undertaken to determine whether there had been a change in the distribution of lung cancer cell types and patient demography. The number of histologically and/or cytologically proven lung cancer cases was 583 from October 1991 to September 1999 and 278 from 1967 to 1976. The mean (S.D.) age of the patients during the period 1991-1999, 60.1 (12.0) years was similar to that of patients during the period 1967-1976, 60.3 (12.2) years. There was no shift of the peak age distribution of lung cancer (i.e., the 7th decade) between the two periods. In the recent period, the percentage of patients with adenocarcinoma had increased significantly to 43.2% from 25.2% while that of large cell carcinoma had decreased to 3.3% from 11.9%. The percentages of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and small cell lung cancer remained stable. In the period 1967-1976, SCC was the commonest cell type in men and in smokers while adenocarcinoma was the commonest cell type in women and in never smokers. In the period 1991-1999, adenocarcinoma was the commonest cell type in both men and women as well as in smokers and never smokers.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/ethnology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen as an adjunct tumour marker in primary carcinoma of the lung

Cheah PL, Liam CK, Yap SF, Looi LM

J Clin Pathol, 1994 Jun;47(6):535-7.

PMID: 8063936

AIMS: To determine (1) the detection rate of primary carcinoma of the lung by serological assay of CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen); and (2) whether addition of seroassay of squamous cell carcinoma related antigen before treatment improves detection sensitivity.

METHODS: A prospective study spanning 27 months was conducted at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Serum CEA (Abbott IMx) and serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (Abbott IMx) from patients clinically suspected of having primary carcinoma of the lung, were assayed using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay method.

RESULTS: Thirty seven cases of histologically confirmed primary lung carcinoma were studied. Of these, 17 were squamous cell carcinomas, 10 adenocarcinomas, nine small cell carcinomas, and one large cell carcinoma. The patients' ages ranged from 34-82 years. The male:female ratio was 3.6:1. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen was raised above the cutoff value of 1.5 ng/ml in 94.1% of squamous cell carcinomas, 20.0% of adenocarcinomas, and 11.1% of small cell carcinomas. By comparison, CEA was raised above the cutoff value of 3.0 ng/ml in 70.6% of squamous cell carcinomas, 77.8% of small cell carcinomas, and 100% of adenocarcinomas. CEA and squamous cell carcinoma antigen were not raised in the patient with large cell carcinoma and in 14 healthy volunteers. None of 15 patients with a variety of benign lung diseases showed a rise of CEA, while two patients--a 25 year old Indian woman with pneumonia and a 64 year old Malay man with bronchial asthma--had raised squamous cell carcinoma antigen values above the cutoff. Serum CEA and squamous cell carcinoma antigen values did not seem to correlate with stage or degree of differentiation of the tumours.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that CEA is a good general marker for carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma. In contrast, squamous cell carcinoma antigen is more specific for squamous carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnosis

Fulltext Diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopic procedures in lung cancer patients according to tumour location

Liam CK, Pang YK, Poosparajah S

Singapore Med J, 2007 Jul;48(7):625-31.

PMID: 17609823

This study aims to determine whether the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy sampling procedures in patients with lung cancer was dependent on tumour location.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnosis

Fulltext Preliminary experience with mitomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin (MVP) combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer at University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Lee SM

Singapore Med J, 1990 Jun;31(3):228-32.

PMID: 2168091

Twelve patients with advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with mitomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin (MVP) combination chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 33% (4 partial responses and no complete response) with a median survival of seven months. One responder above subsequently achieved complete remission following successful resection of his tumour and is still alive 14 months after initial chemotherapy. Responses were observed in patients with good performance status and limited disease. Side-effects were generally well tolerated and manageable. MVP is an effective regimen and the low response rate achieved here as compared to other centres is also discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy*

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