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Problem-solving skills and hardiness as protective factors against stress in Iranian nurses

Abdollahi A, Talib MA, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z

Issues Ment Health Nurs, 2014 Feb;35(2):100-7.
PMID: 24502467 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2013.843621

Nursing is a stressful occupation, even when compared with other health professions; therefore, it is necessary to advance our knowledge about the protective factors that can help reduce stress among nurses. The present study sought to investigate the associations among problem-solving skills and hardiness with perceived stress in nurses. The participants, 252 nurses from six private hospitals in Tehran, completed the Personal Views Survey, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Problem-Solving Inventory. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyse the data and answer the research hypotheses. As expected, greater hardiness was associated with low levels of perceived stress, and nurses low in perceived stress were more likely to be considered approachable, have a style that relied on their own sense of internal personal control, and demonstrate effective problem-solving confidence. These findings reinforce the importance of hardiness and problem-solving skills as protective factors against perceived stress among nurses, and could be important in training future nurses so that hardiness ability and problem-solving skills can be imparted, allowing nurses to have more ability to control their perceived stress.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology*
Education Moderates the Relationship Between Spirituality with Quality of Life and Stress Among Malay Muslim Women with Breast Cancer

Pahlevan Sharif S, Ong FS

J Relig Health, 2019 Aug;58(4):1060-1071.
PMID: 29511922 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0587-1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality with quality of life and stress of Malay Muslim breast cancer patients in Malaysia. In addition, the moderating role of education on this relationship was examined. Participants consisted of 145 conveniently selected Malay breast cancer patients. The results indicated that the more spiritual respondents reported a higher level of quality of life and lower level of stress. Moreover, education weakened the relationship between spirituality with quality of life and stress.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
Predictors of parenting stress in mothers of children with spina bifida

Kanaheswari Y, Razak NN, Chandran V, Ong LC

Spinal Cord, 2011 Mar;49(3):376-80.
PMID: 20838404 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2010.125

Prospective cross-sectional multidimensional study using clinical assessment and standard measures.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology*
Fulltext Reliability and construct validity of the Malay version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) among secondary school teachers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

Hadi AA, Naing NN, Daud A, Nordin R

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2006 Nov;37(6):1254-9.
PMID: 17333785

This study was conducted to assess the reliability and construct validity of the Malay version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) among secondary school teachers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A total of 68 teachers consented to participate in the study and were administered the Malay version of JCQ. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency whilst construct validity was assessed using factor analysis. The results indicated that Cronbach's alpha coefficients revealed decision latitude (0.75), psychological job demand (0.50) and social support (0.84). Factor analysis showed three meaningful common factors that could explain the construct of Karasek's demand-control-social support model. The study suggests the JCQ scales are reliable and valid tools for assessing job stress in school teachers.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
Quality of life in Malay and Chinese women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in Kelantan, Malaysia

Yusuf A, Ahmad Z, Keng SL

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(1):435-40.
PMID: 23534769

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in Malaysia. A diagnosis is very stressful for women, affecting all aspects of their being and quality of life. As such, there is little information on quality of life of women with breast cancer across the different ethnic groups in Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of life in Malay and Chinese women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in Kelantan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive study involved 58 Malays and 15 Chinese women newly diagnosed with breast cancer prior to treatment. Quality of life was measured using the Malay version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and its breast-specific module (QLQ-BR23). Socio-demographic and clinical data were also collected. All the data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.
RESULTS: Most of the women were married with at least a secondary education and were in late stages of breast cancer. The Malay women had lower incomes (p=0.046) and more children (p=0.001) when compared to the Chinese women. Generally, both the Malay and Chinese women had good functioning quality-of-life scores [mean score range: 60.3-84.8 (Malays); 65.0-91.1 (Chinese)] and global quality of life [mean score 60.3, SD 22.2 (Malays); mean score 65.0, SD 26.6 (Chinese)]. The Malay women experienced more symptoms such as nausea and vomiting (p=0.002), dyspnoea (p=0.004), constipation (p<0.001) and breast-specific symptoms (p=0.041) when compared to the Chinese.
CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life was satisfactory in both Malays and Chinese women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in Kelantan. However, Malay women had a lower quality of life due to high general as well as breast-specific symptoms. This study finding underlined the importance of measuring quality of life in the newly diagnosed breast cancer patient, as it will provide a broader picture on how a cancer diagnosis impacts multi-ethnic patients. Once health care professionals understand this, they might then be able to determine how to best support and improve the quality of life of these women during the difficult times of their disease and on-going cancer treatments.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology*
Psychological distress as a mediator in the relationships between biopsychosocial factors and disordered eating among Malaysian university students

Gan WY, Mohd Nasir MT, Zalilah MS, Hazizi AS

Appetite, 2012 Dec;59(3):679-87.
PMID: 22885453 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.08.002

The mechanism linking biopsychosocial factors to disordered eating among university students is not well understood especially among Malaysians. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological distress in the relationships between biopsychosocial factors and disordered eating among Malaysian university students. A self-administered questionnaire measured self-esteem, body image, social pressures to be thin, weight-related teasing, psychological distress, and disordered eating in 584 university students (59.4% females and 40.6% males). Body weight and height were measured. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that the partial mediation model provided good fit to the data. Specifically, the relationships between self-esteem and weight-related teasing with disordered eating were mediated by psychological distress. In contrast, only direct relationships between body weight status, body image, and social pressures to be thin with disordered eating were found and were not mediated by psychological distress. Furthermore, multigroup analyses indicated that the model was equivalent for both genders but not for ethnic groups. There was a negative relationship between body weight status and psychological distress for Chinese students, whereas this was not the case among Malay students. Intervention and prevention programs on psychological distress may be beneficial in reducing disordered eating among Malaysian university students.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
Predictors of parenting stress among Malaysian mothers of children with Down syndrome

Norizan A, Shamsuddin K

J Intellect Disabil Res, 2010 Nov;54(11):992-1003.
PMID: 20868445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01324.x

Having children with intellectual disability can be stressful for most parents. Currently there are very few studies focusing on parenting stress among mothers of children with Down syndrome (DS) in Asia. The present study examined the level of parenting stress experienced by Malaysian mothers of children with DS and evaluated the child and maternal factors that contributed to parenting stress based on Hill's ABC-X Model (Hill 1949).

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology*
Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms in Malay women

Din MO, Noor NM

Women Health, 2009 Dec;49(8):573-91.
PMID: 20183102 DOI: 10.1080/03630240903495897

Due to a dearth of research on depressive symptoms in Malaysia, particularly in Malay women, a community study was conducted to examine the prevalence and factors associated with current depressive symptoms in rural and urban Malay women with low socioeconomic status.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
The relationship of hostility, negative affect and ethnicity to cardiovascular responses: an ambulatory study in Singapore

Enkelmann HC, Bishop GD, Tong EM, Diong SM, Why YP, Khader M, et al.

Int J Psychophysiol, 2005 May;56(2):185-97.
PMID: 15804452

This study tested the hypotheses that ambulatory heart rate and blood pressure would be higher for individuals high but not low in hostility when they experienced negative affect or social stress and that this interaction would be stronger for Indians compared with other Singapore ethnic groups. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was done on 108 male Singapore patrol officers as they went about their daily duties. After each BP measurement participants completed a computerized questionnaire including items on emotional experience. Individuals high in hostility showed higher systolic blood pressure when reporting negative affect whereas this was not true for those low in hostility. Ethnic differences were obtained such that Indians showed an increase in mean arterial pressure when angered whereas MAP was negatively related to anger for Malays and unrelated for Chinese. Also a three-way interaction between ethnicity, hostility, and social stress indicated that hostility and social stress interacted in their effects on DBP for Indian participants but not for Chinese or Malays. Finally, a three-way interaction was obtained between ethnicity, hostility and negative affect for heart rate in which heart rate increased with increasing levels of negative affect for Chinese high in hostility and Malays low in hostility but decreased with increasing negative affect for all other participants. These data are consistent with higher CHD rates among individuals high in hostility and also provide additional evidence on ethnic differences in cardiovascular reactivity in Singapore.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
Spiritual distress in a terminally ill patient with breast cancer

Loh KY

Int J Palliat Nurs, 2004 Mar;10(3):131-2.
PMID: 15126957
Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology
Fulltext Associations between depression, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, subjective well-being, coping styles and suicide in Chinese university students

Lew B, Huen J, Yu P, Yuan L, Wang DF, Ping F, et al.

PLoS One, 2019;14(7):e0217372.
PMID: 31260454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217372

Suicide is a major public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to predict the suicidal behavior of Chinese university students by studying psychological measures such as hopelessness, orientation to happiness, meaning in life, depression, anxiety, stress, and coping styles. In November 2016, a stratified-clustered-random sampling approach was utilized to select subjects from two large public medical-related universities in Shandong province, China. This sample consisted of 2,074 undergraduate students (706 males, 1,368 females; mean age = 19.79±1.39 years). The students' major risk factors for suicide were depression, anxiety, stress, and hopelessness, and the students' minor risk factors included orientation to happiness and coping styles (including self-distraction, self-blame and substance use). Notably, the presence of meaning in life had a positive effect on preventing suicide and acted as a protective factor, which suggests that it is important to identify risk factors as well as protective factors relevant to the target population group in order to increase the effectiveness of counseling and suicide prevention programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/ethnology