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Fulltext Metastatic cervical carcinoma in the caecum

Marjmin O, Badrulhisham B, Teoh CM, Sukumar N, Ahmad Zakuan K

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):97-8.
PMID: 16250290

A patient who presented with acute intestinal obstruction had a right hemicolectomy for a caecal tumour. The histopathology report confirmed metastatic carcinoma in the caecum from the cervical carcinoma. Caecum is a very rare site of metastasis from cervical carcinoma. From our literature review, there have been no such cases reported.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications
Fulltext Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a patient with concomitant Graves' disease and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

Chee YC, Abdul Halim S

BMJ Case Rep, 2020 Dec 09;13(12).
PMID: 33298481 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236730

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is caused by either acquired or inherited pro-thrombotic states. Hyperthyroidism is a less recognised predisposing factor of CVST, and the causality has been debated. We report a case of a life-threatening CVST in a 40-year-old woman, with uncommon dual risk factors: hyperthyroidism and advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. CVST should be considered as a differential diagnosis when a patient with hyperthyroidism presents with new-onset headache or other neurological symptoms. Further assessment to elucidate other covert risk factors may need to be continuously carried out, when the causal relationship of one apparent cause has not been well established.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications*
Pseudocyst forms of Trichomonas vaginalis from cervical neoplasia

Afzan MY, Suresh K

Parasitol Res, 2012 Jul;111(1):371-81.
PMID: 22398830 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2848-3

Trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan parasite causes a variety of adverse health consequences in both men and women. The parasite exists in the trophozoite and the pseudocystic stage. The study reports for the first time that pseudocyst forms of T. vaginalis isolated from cervical neoplasia (CN) patients demonstrated distinct, different and significant in vitro growth profiles when grown in vitro cultures from day 1 up to day 5 (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney test) when compared with the same life cycle stages isolated from non-cervical neoplasia but symptomatic patients (NCN). Pseudocysts from CN and NCN isolates remained viable in distilled water until 3 h 10 min and 2 h 10 min, respectively. The nucleus of pseudocysts in CN isolates using acridine orange and DAPI showed more intense staining revealing higher nuclear content. The FITC-labeled Concanavalin A stained stronger green fluorescence with surface of pseudocysts in CN isolates showing more rough and creased surface with higher numbers of deep micropores with larger numbers of chromatin masses, vacuoles, and hydrogenosomes. The study confirms that pseudocystic stage from CN, despite the uniformity in appearance of being rounded and showing no motility without a true cyst wall under light microscopy, demonstrated different biochemical, surface, and ultrastructural properties. The study provides evidence that phenotypic variant forms of pseudocysts does exist and possibly does play a role in exacerbating cervical cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications*
Phenotypic 'variant' forms of Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites from cervical neoplasia patients

Yusof AM, Kumar S

Exp Parasitol, 2012 Jul;131(3):267-73.
PMID: 22525014 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.03.015

The protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis a sexually transmitted protozoan parasite causes vaginitis, urethritis and cervicitis in humans. The present study highlights phenotypic 'variant' forms of trophozoites isolated from patients suffering from cervical neoplasia condition. The growth curve of 10 isolates i.e., four non-cervical neoplasia (NCN) isolates (NCN1-NCN4) and six cervical neoplasia (CN) isolates (CN1-CN6) showed two distinct and different in vitro growth profiles. The parasite count and growth rates were significantly higher in trophozoites from CN isolates in cultures of day 2 up to day 8 (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney test). The average generation time was 1.84±0.40 and 3.38±0.55h for NCN and CN isolates respectively. The nucleus of trophozoites in CN isolates using acridine orange and DAPI showed more intense staining revealing higher nuclear content. The FITC-labeled Concanavalin A stained stronger green fluorescence with surface of trophozoites in CN isolates showing more rough and creased surface with numerous deep micropores. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed that there was higher numbers of vacuoles and hydrogenosomes in these forms. The study mounted staining techniques, growth profiles, morphology, morphometry studies using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and confirms that the trophozoites from cervical neoplasia proliferates at a higher rate, shows higher FITC-labeled Concanavalin A binding with rough and creased surface implying that these are virulent forms which can aggravate or exacerbate cervical neoplasia conditions. The large numbers of hyrogenosomes and vacuoles implies that these forms are active and implicates a possible role in such conditions.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications
Internal iliac and ovarian artery ligation in the control of pelvic haemorrhage

Thavarasah AS, Sivalingam N, Almohdzar SA

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 1989 Feb;29(1):22-5.
PMID: 2562595

Bilateral ligation of the internal iliac artery with or without ligation of the ovarian arteries was carried out in 17 patients who had life-threatening pelvic haemorrhage; 14 were due to obstetric haemorrhage, 2 followed abdominal hysterectomy and 1 intractable haemorrhage associated with carcinoma of the cervix. The procedure was successful in arresting the haemorrhage in 13 patients but 4 needed hysterectomy in spite of the ligation; 1 patient died from disseminated intravascular coagulation following surgery and 1 had cardiac arrest due to extensive blood loss during surgery and died 12 hours later. A review of the literature, a brief description of the procedure and its indications are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications
Cervical cancer burden, status of implementation and challenges of cervical cancer screening in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries

Zhao S, Huang L, Basu P, Domingo EJ, Supakarapongkul W, Ling WY, et al.

Cancer Lett, 2022 Jan 28;525:22-32.
PMID: 34728309 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.036

Multiple barriers impede the transformation of evidence-based research into implementation of cervical cancer screening in ASEAN countries. This review is the first of its kind to show the disease burden of cervical cancer, progress till date to implement screening and corresponding challenges, and propose tailored solutions to promote cervical cancer prevention in ASEAN. In 2020, approximately 69 000 cervical cancer cases and 38 000 deaths happened in ASEAN, and more than 44% and 63% increases on new cases and deaths are expected in 2040. Only four countries have initiated population-based cervical cancer screening programs, but the participation rate is less than 50% in some countries and even lower than 10% in Myanmar and Indonesia. Inequity and unavailability in service delivery, lack of knowledge and awareness, limited follow-up and treatment capacity, and funding sustainability affect successful scale-up of cervical cancer screening most in ASEAN. Implementing HPV detection-based primary screening, appropriate management of screen-positives, enhancing health education, integrating health services can accelerate reduction of cervical cancer burden in ASEAN. Achieving high screening coverage and high treatment compliance will help ASEAN countries remain aligned to cervical cancer elimination strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications
Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma of cervix associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case report and review of literature

Srilatha PS, Roy A

Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 2007 Oct;50(4):819-21.
PMID: 18306568

Well differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix is a rare tumour which usually occurs in young women. It is considered to be an indolent tumour with favorable prognosis and most of them were treated by conservative procedures. We report a 35 year old lady who came with complaints of 3 months amenorrhoea and an episode of spontaneous bleeding. Urine pregnancy test was negative. Physical examination revealed a cervical polyp. Histopathological findings were consistent with villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma associated with high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-3). Left parametrial and left ureteral involvement, proved by biopsy, causing left hydroureteronephrosis was detected. The patient was thus found to be in an advanced stage, stage- III b (FIGO). The patient is currently undergoing radiotherapy. A review of literature showed that only occasional cases showing disease spread have been reported, suggesting caution in the management and regular follow up of the patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications*
Fulltext Global genomic diversity of human papillomavirus 6 based on 724 isolates and 190 complete genome sequences

Jelen MM, Chen Z, Kocjan BJ, Burt FJ, Chan PK, Chouhy D, et al.

J Virol, 2014 Jul;88(13):7307-16.
PMID: 24741079 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00621-14

Human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV6) is the major etiological agent of anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas and has been included in both the quadrivalent and nonavalent prophylactic HPV vaccines. This study investigated the global genomic diversity of HPV6, using 724 isolates and 190 complete genomes from six continents, and the association of HPV6 genomic variants with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and gender. Initially, a 2,800-bp E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment was sequenced from 492/530 (92.8%) HPV6-positive samples collected for this study. Among them, 130 exhibited at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), indel, or amino acid change in the E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment and were sequenced in full. A global alignment and maximum likelihood tree of 190 complete HPV6 genomes (130 fully sequenced in this study and 60 obtained from sequence repositories) revealed two variant lineages, A and B, and five B sublineages: B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5. HPV6 (sub)lineage-specific SNPs and a 960-bp representative region for whole-genome-based phylogenetic clustering within the L2 open reading frame were identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lineage B predominated globally. Sublineage B3 was more common in Africa and North and South America, and lineage A was more common in Asia. Sublineages B1 and B3 were associated with anogenital infections, indicating a potential lesion-specific predilection of some HPV6 sublineages. Females had higher odds for infection with sublineage B3 than males. In conclusion, a global HPV6 phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two variant lineages and five sublineages, showing some degree of ethnogeographic, gender, and/or disease predilection in their distribution.
IMPORTANCE: This study established the largest database of globally circulating HPV6 genomic variants and contributed a total of 130 new, complete HPV6 genome sequences to available sequence repositories. Two HPV6 variant lineages and five sublineages were identified and showed some degree of association with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and/or gender. We additionally identified several HPV6 lineage- and sublineage-specific SNPs to facilitate the identification of HPV6 variants and determined a representative region within the L2 gene that is suitable for HPV6 whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis. This study complements and significantly expands the current knowledge of HPV6 genetic diversity and forms a comprehensive basis for future epidemiological, evolutionary, functional, pathogenicity, vaccination, and molecular assay development studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications