Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1406 in total

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  1. Mat Saat B
    Family Practitioner, 1986;9:19-24.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex
  2. Low BT
    Family Practitioner, 1977;2:107-108.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex; Sex Education
  3. Tan TH
    Family Practitioner, 1973;1(2):19-20.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Education
  4. McKay AB
    Family Practitioner, 1977;2:56-59.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Education
  5. Flaherty GT, Khairy WMZBM, Holmes A
    J Travel Med, 2023 Jun 23;30(4).
    PMID: 36322169 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taac131
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Offenses*
  6. Gong J, Harris K, Lipnicki DM, Castro-Costa E, Lima-Costa MF, Diniz BS, et al.
    Alzheimers Dement, 2023 Aug;19(8):3365-3378.
    PMID: 36790027 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12962
    INTRODUCTION: Sex differences in dementia risk, and risk factor (RF) associations with dementia, remain uncertain across diverse ethno-regional groups.

    METHODS: A total of 29,850 participants (58% women) from 21 cohorts across six continents were included in an individual participant data meta-analysis. Sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs), and women-to-men ratio of hazard ratios (RHRs) for associations between RFs and all-cause dementia were derived from mixed-effect Cox models.

    RESULTS: Incident dementia occurred in 2089 (66% women) participants over 4.6 years (median). Women had higher dementia risk (HR, 1.12 [1.02, 1.23]) than men, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income economies. Associations between longer education and former alcohol use with dementia risk (RHR, 1.01 [1.00, 1.03] per year, and 0.55 [0.38, 0.79], respectively) were stronger for men than women; otherwise, there were no discernible sex differences in other RFs.

    DISCUSSION: Dementia risk was higher in women than men, with possible variations by country-level income settings, but most RFs appear to work similarly in women and men.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics*; Sex Factors
  7. Tan FEH
    Family Practitioner, 1977;2(8):49-51.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Education
  8. O'Connor MP, Samuel J
    Matched MeSH terms: Disorders of Sex Development
  9. Walter KV, Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, et al.
    Proc Biol Sci, 2021 Jul 28;288(1955):20211115.
    PMID: 34284630 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1115
    A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics*; Sex Ratio*
  10. Koh EK
    Family Practitioner, 1977;2:69-71.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex; Sex Education
  11. Vijayasingham L, Bischof E, Wolfe J, Gender and COVID-19 Research Agenda-setting Initiative
    Lancet, 2021 Mar 13;397(10278):966-967.
    PMID: 33684351 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00384-6
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors*
  12. Sun Y, Zhong Y, Sun W, Chu L, Long J, Fan XW
    Front Public Health, 2023;11:1167234.
    PMID: 37521991 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167234
    BACKGROUND: Adolescent depression has become a leading problem around the world, especially as the COVID-19 pandemic has remained prevalent and heavily influenced people's mental health. While gender difference has always been a topic in the field of psychiatry, there are cultural differences across the world that must be taken into account. The current study is examining gender differences in symptoms of Chinese adolescents with depression.

    METHODS: The sample was obtained from a total of 574 adolescent patients (172 males and 402 females) diagnosed with depression following the DSM-IV/ICD-10 diagnostic criteria; patients who also had other severe mental or physical illnesses were excluded. The ages of participants ranged from 10 to 19 years. Additionally, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to examine differences in symptoms between different gender and age groups. The LPA was used to examine whether females and males were having different patterns of symptoms.

    RESULTS: Our analysis showed that compared to males, females exhibited higher rates of depression and more severe depressive symptoms across age groups. Likewise, the analysis also revealed an earlier onset of depression among Chinese adolescents compared to that in Western countries in previous studies. Finally, the LPA showed that mild to moderate depression was predominant in male patients, while severe depression was predominant in female patients.

    CONCLUSION: This study highlights the gender differences in the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. The current study highlighted the importance of gender equality and developing gender-friendly interventions in maintaining the overall mental health of adolescents in China.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors*
  13. Pope DH, McMullen H, Baschieri A, Philipose A, Udeh C, Diallo J, et al.
    Glob Public Health, 2023 Jan;18(1):2095655.
    PMID: 36403290 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2095655
    Environmental crises such as climate change threaten the realisation of sexual and reproductive health and rights. In this scoping review, we examine the evidence for the relationship between environmental crises and child marriage. We conducted a search of Google Scholar, Scopus and MedLine from their origin to 4th June 2021 for both peer-reviewed academic literature and 'grey' literature. A total of 24 relevant articles were identified, including both quantitative and qualitative work. while there are limitations of the current evidence base such as its narrow geographical scope, we find that environmental crises worsen known drivers of child marriage, pushing families to marry their daughters early through loss of assets and opportunities for income generation, displacement of people from their homes, educational disruption, and the creation of settings in which sexual violence and the fear of sexual violence increase. Local socio-cultural contexts such as bride price or dowry practices further shape how these factors affect child marriage. Given many of the areas with the highest current rates of child marriage face the gravest environmental threats, action to tackle child marriage must take account of the link identified in this review.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Offenses*
  14. Wang M, Lim SH, Gibson BA, Azwa I, Guadamuz TE, Altice FL, et al.
    Int J STD AIDS, 2021 06;32(7):609-619.
    PMID: 33752518 DOI: 10.1177/0956462420970417
    Globally, cisgender women sex workers (CWSWs) and transgender women sex workers (TWSWs) experience increased vulnerabilities to HIV infection. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the drivers of HIV infection in these two understudied populations, particularly in Southeast Asia. To better understand factors associated with HIV infection, we evaluated correlates of newly diagnosed HIV infection in these two populations in Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of 469 women (CWSW: n = 283; TWSW: n = 186) were included in this study. Most participants who tested HIV+ were unaware of their infection (59.6%; n = 34/57). Separate binary and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to identify correlates of newly diagnosed HIV in CWSWs and TWSWs. Among CWSWs, Chlamydia trachomatis (aOR = 5.66; p = 0.007) and lifetime use of ecstasy/MDMA (aOR = 5.34; p = 0.03) were associated with newly diagnosed HIV, while condomless vaginal sex with clients was associated with lower likelihood of HIV infection (aOR = 0.98; p = 0.01). Among TWSWs, being single (aOR = 6.76; p = 0.03), using mobile application to solicit clients (aOR = 25.33; p = 0.006), and having C. trachomatis infection (aOR = 88.22, p = 0.02) were associated with newly diagnosed HIV. Expansion of HIV/sexually transmitted infection screening is needed to increase detection of HIV and linkage to care for sex workers. Interventions to reduce HIV infection among CWSWs and TWSWs should be tailored to these populations' unique vulnerabilities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Unsafe Sex; Sex Workers*
  15. Mat S, Jaafar MH, Razack AHA, Lim J, Ong TA, Khong SY, et al.
    Neurourol Urodyn, 2023 Mar;42(3):641-649.
    PMID: 36728321 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25136
    INTRODUCTION: The common assumption that urinary incontinence occurs in osteoarthritis (OA) due to poor mobility is supported by limited evidence. The influence of gender in such associations is also yet to be elucidated.

    OBJECTIVE: This study, therefore, identified any potential associations between knee OA symptoms and urinary incontinence and further explore sex differences in the associations.

    DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

    SETTING: University Hospital.

    PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional study from a longitudinal research study comprising 1221 community-dwelling older persons (57% women), mean age (SD) 68.95 (7.49) years.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Presence of urinary incontinence: mixed, stress and urge symptoms. Physical performance and C-reactive protein levels were also assessed.

    RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-seven (22.83%) individuals reported the presence of urinary incontinence: mixed (41.5%), stress (30%), and urge (28.5%) symptoms. In an unadjusted analysis, stratified by gender, the association between knee pain and urinary incontinence was only present in women with mixed symptoms. After further adjustment of demographics differences and body mass index, the association between knee pain with any urinary incontinence and mixed symptoms remained significant with the odds ratios (95% confidence interval): 1.48 (1.02-2.15) and 1.73 (1.06-2.83), respectively. This relationship was attenuated after further adjustment for waist circumference and impaired lower limb mobility.

    CONCLUSION: Our study refutes previous assumptions that urinary incontinence in individuals with OA is attributed to impaired mobility alone, but introduces the role of abdominal obesity in this relationship, particularly in women. Future studies should assess the temporal relationship between body fat distribution and OA with urinary incontinence.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics*; Sex Factors
  16. Keating SE, Blumer M, Grismer LL, Lin A, Nielsen SV, Thura MK, et al.
    Genes (Basel), 2021 01 19;12(1).
    PMID: 33477871 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010116
    Lizards and snakes (squamates) are known for their varied sex determining systems, and gecko lizards are especially diverse, having evolved sex chromosomes independently multiple times. While sex chromosomes frequently turnover among gecko genera, intrageneric turnovers are known only from Gekko and Hemidactylus. Here, we used RADseq to identify sex-specific markers in two species of Burmese bent-toed geckos. We uncovered XX/XY sex chromosomes in Cyrtodactylus chaunghanakwaensis and ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in Cyrtodactylus pharbaungensis. This is the third instance of intrageneric turnover of sex chromosomes in geckos. Additionally, Cyrtodactylus are closely related to another genus with intrageneric turnover, Hemidactylus. Together, these data suggest that sex chromosome turnover may be common in this clade, setting them apart as exceptionally diverse in a group already known for diverse sex determination systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Chromosomes/genetics*; Sex Determination Processes/genetics*
  17. Da Aw L, Zain MM, Esteves SC, Humaidan P
    Int Braz J Urol, 2016 Nov-Dec;42(6):1237-1243.
    PMID: 27532119 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2016.0225
    MAIN FINDINGS: A typical male looking adolescent with a legal female gender assignment presented with haematuria. Investigations led to the diagnosis of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome. The condition is indeed a rare entity that needs a multidisciplinar team management. Case hypothesis: A case of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome undiagnosed at birth because karyotyping was defaulted, thus resulting in a significant impact on the legal gender assignment and psychosocial aspects. Promising future implications: The reporting of this case is important to create awareness due to its rarity coupled with the rare presentation with hematuria as a possible masquerade to menstruation. There were not only medical implications, but also psychosocial and legal connotations requiring a holistic multidisciplinary management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disorders of Sex Development/diagnosis*; 46, XY Disorders of Sex Development/diagnosis*
  18. Sen Gupta BN
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Sep;23(1):32-4.
    PMID: 4237553
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Chromatin*
  19. Ahmad SH, Khoon YG
    Bul Keluarga, 1973 May 7;58:1-2.
    PMID: 12276936
    Matched MeSH terms: Sex Education*
  20. Boon WH, Salmon Y, Seng CT
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Sep;21(1):56-62.
    PMID: 4224879
    Matched MeSH terms: Disorders of Sex Development/genetics*
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