Browse publications by year: 2017

Fulltext Nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices (NKAP) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) status among overweight and obese children: an analysis of baseline data from the interactive multimedia-based nutrition education package(IMNEP) study

Wan Putri Elena Wan Dali, Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed, HafzanYusoff

Malays J Nutr, 2017;23(1):17-29.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This randomised school-based controlled study aimed to evaluate the baseline results of nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice (NKAP), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and parents’ report of parenting skills (PRPS) among overweight and obese children.

Methods: This study was performed on three intervention groups and one control group. It was conducted among Year Five students from primary schools who had overweight or obese status and were generally healthy without any chronic diseases. The children completed NKAP and child self-report of Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQoL) questionnaires, while parents completed parent proxy report of PedsQoL and PRPS questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and parametric test in SPSS were utilised.

Results: Out of 139 participants involved in the baseline study, 18.7% and 81.3% were overweight and obese respectively. This study revealed a significantly higher knowledge score among boys (p = 0.016) and among those who lived in urban areas (p = 0.019). The children’s selfreport PedsQoL recorded highest score for Social Functioning domain and lowest score for Emotional Functioning domain. A contradictory finding was obtained from the parent proxy report, where the Physical Functioning domain scored the lowest and the Emotional Functioning domain had the highest score. Notably, some of the findings from PRPS questionnaires completed by their parents were unfavourable.

Conclusions: This study provided prospective evidence of the current status of NKAP, HRQoL among overweight and obese children as well as findings from PRPS among their parents.
Fulltext Biochemical biomarkers: fish cholinesterase biosensor for heavy metals detection in aquatic pollution monitoring

Ain Aqilah Basirun, Mohd Khalizan Sabullah, Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor, Nur Adeela Yasid, Nor Aripin Shamaan, Siti Aqlima Ahmad

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(3):62-69.
MyJurnal

Recently, the contamination of heavy metals towards the environment especially in aquatic system has drastically increased. Heavy metals are able to transform into persistent metallic compound in which it can be accumulated within the organisms’ body system, disrupting the food chain and eventually threatened the human life. The occurrence of heavy metals spillage in the rivers and lakes are due to the careless disposal of excess heavy metals used for human activities. The accumulation of heavy metals in water system will affect all aquatic organisms especially fish. The toxicity of copper in fish can be determined by several changes in the fish under treatment with heavy metals sub-lethal concentration, LC50 within 96-hours period of acute exposure. Therefore, fish can be considered as a high potential biomarker for monitoring heavy metals pollution in aquatic system. Several selective organs are highly sensitive to the xenobiotic pollution and express changes to the exposure. One of the most potential biomarker is the biochemical biomarker of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition by heavy metals in fish has been well studied in pollution monitoring recently. Thus, this paper gives an overview of the manipulation of fish as a biomarker of heavy metals through enzymatic reaction which have proven to be very useful in the environmental pollution monitoring.
Fulltext Horizontal gene transfer: a vehicle for the dissemination of resistance and virulence determinants during colonization and disease

Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus, Siti Khairani Bejo, Sarah Othman, Zunita Zakaria

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(3):51-60.
MyJurnal

The successful in vivo horizontal transfer of mobile genetic elements carrying resistance and virulence determinants have contributed immensely to a global dissemination of virulent and multi-drug resistant pathogens. In addition, the pathogenesis of MRSA infection is enhanced via initial colonization of the skin through the component of the microbial surface antigen recognizing adhesive matrix molecules and by their ability to evade host immune response. Furthermore, it was also observed that the genetic diversity of pathogenic MRSA is due to its’ ability to rapidly acquire resistance and virulence determinants. A characteristic feature that made it one of the most important nosocomial pathogen worldwide. Similarly, the expression of virulence gene in MRSA has been observed to be regulated by the accessory gene regulator system (agr). These system is made up of a series of genes whose product build up quorum-sensing regulatory mechanisms that is growth dependent. In addition, at a certain growth stage, the agr systems triggers a pronounced changes in the expression of genes called the quorum sensing. The findings of this review affirms the importance of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of resistance and virulence determinants and as well as the genetic diversity of MRSA.
Fulltext Sediment quality index in mangrove forest

Ahmad Mustapha, Gandaseca, Seca, Ahmad Hanafi, Siti Nurhidayu, Mohammad Roslan, Khan, Waseem, et al.

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(3):41-50.
MyJurnal

The objectives of this review are to determine the types of indices to use, to assess the current sediment quality index (SQI) of a mangrove forest and to select the appropriate index to describe the mangrove sediment quality index. Amongst the many indices considered in this review are the enrichment factors (EFs), the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the pollution load index (PLI), the marine sediment pollution index (MSPI) and sediment quality index (SQI). The different indices give diverse perspectives of the status of mangrove sediment quality. This review also highlights the appropriate parameters that need to be used in assessing sediment quality, such as the physical, chemical and biological properties. As the comparison review, the sediment quality can be utilized for Mangrove quality index (MQI) development like to assess the heavy metal, complete laboratory parameters and a classification following the Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines ISQG, PCA and HACA. For the heavy metal content of sediment, the suggested parameters are Pb, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn. Lastly, for the indices, the enrichment factor (EFs), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI) and marine sediment pollution index (MPSI) are used in develop SQI on mangrove forest.

MeSH terms: Environmental Pollution; Lead; Zinc; Geologic Sediments; Metals, Heavy; Wetlands
Fulltext Citrus bent leaf viroid

Khoo, Ying Wei, Iftikhar, Yasir, Kong, Lih Ling, Ganesan Vadamalai

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(3):31-40.
MyJurnal

Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) from genus Apscaviroid, is one of the widely distributed viroids among the seven citrus viroids. It is comprised of three variants: Citrus viroid-Ia (CVd-Ia) (327 - 329 nucleotides), Citrus viroid-Ib (CVd-Ib) (315 - 319 nucleotides) and Citrus viroid-I-low sequence similarity (CVd-I-LSS) (325 - 330 nucleotides). Virulence of CBLVd totally expressed on citrus plants. Etrog citron (Citrus medica (L.)) coinfected with CBLVd, Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Citrus viroid-III (CVd-III) and Citrus viroid-V (CVd-V) showed epinasty, leaf rolling, and stunting. CBLVd has been reported to reduce the canopy proportion and fruit production of citrus trees inserted on trifoliate orange rootstock. Moreover, citrus tree infected with singly CBLVd or in combinations with CEVd, Hop stunt viroid (CVd-II) and CVd-III induced dwarfing have been associated with poor development of the root system. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification and multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (MRT-PCR) amplification have been widely used to detect citrus viroids including CBLVd. As citrus viroids are emerging threats in citrus groves, therefore, this review covers the evolution, geographical distribution and epidemiology, economic impact and symptomatology, host range and transmission, detection, and management will be helpful in formulating the integrated management strategies for CBLVd.

MeSH terms: Citrus; Dwarfism; Fruit; Growth Disorders; Nucleotides; Plant Viruses; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Trees; Viroids; Virulence; HIV Infections; Plant Leaves; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Poncirus; Host Specificity; Coinfection
Fulltext Producing transgenic rice with improved traits and yield – how far have we come?

Wong, Clement Kiing Fook, Wong, Mui Yun, Kadir Jugah, Mahmood Maziah

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(3):1-30.
MyJurnal

Improving rice production is of current global concern so that food security is maintained especially in developing nations where rice remains as the staple food. With the aid of molecular biology, various isolated genes conferring to abiotic, biotic and herbicide stress tolerance has been successfully transferred into rice. Attempts have also been made to enhance grain yield, nutritional characteristics, fragrance and photosynthetic capacity of rice. The success of a commercialized transgenic rice largely depends on the biosafety and environmental risks assessments as these information translates into consumers’ acceptance towards genetically modified (GM) rice. As the renowned Golden Rice has received the green light for field trial in the Philippines and Bangladesh, this would serve as a catalyst for better acceptance of GM food crops. A brief case study on the commercialization of transgenic BT rice in China will also be discussed. The review aims to bring useful insights for future endeavors in improving traits for rice through genetic engineering.
Fulltext Review of fruit rot diseases of important tropical and some temperate fruit crops

Nur Baiti Abd Murad, Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):138-156.
MyJurnal

Fruit rot is a common disease that affects the quality and quantity of the produced fruits. It may happened during pre-harvest stage and usually the condition of the fruits will become worse at postharvest stage if there are no any precautions taken during the picking, storing, packaging and transporting processes. The disease is mainly caused by the infection of fungi supported by a conducive condition like susceptible hosts, relative humidity and unsuitable temperature, besides other microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and nematodes. The infection may arise from soilborne, waterborne, windborne and insects bite transmission. Fruit rot diseases have been reported to cause by many fungal species such as Fusarium species, Alternaria species, Lasiodiplodia species, Aspergillus species, Penicillium species, Colletotrichum species and Botrytis species. This review will provide sufficient information about rot diseases on fruit, fungal species that cause the diseases, effective control methods and managements as well as economic losses and health issues related to the diseases.

MeSH terms: Alternaria; Animals; Ascomycota; Aspergillus; Bacteria; Mitosporic Fungi; Fruit; Fusarium; Humidity; Nematoda; Penicillium; Temperature; Viruses; Botrytis; Colletotrichum
Fulltext Review on progress and application of active flow control devices - Coandă effect on unmanned aerial vehicles

Ahmed, Riyadh Ibraheem, Djojodihardjo, Harijono, Abd. Rahim Abu Talib, Azmin Mohd Rafie

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):113-137.
MyJurnal

Coandă effect can be found in virtually all aerodynamic applications, and has drawn renewed interest for various applications, among others for generating lift and maneuvering impulses to be applied for unmanned air vehicles (UAV) and micro air vehicles (MAV). These air vehicles have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities, in homeland security and environmental areas. Sophisticated unmanned air vehicles for general applications have been developed rapidly across many different industries and interested researchers. In order to carry out a task, these air vehicles have to face many different challenges, due to the MAVs small size, flight regime, and modes of operation. This has led to the development of novel platforms that move away from traditional aircraft design in order to make them more capable. A good example is the Coandă MAV which uses the Active flow control–Coandă Effect. Improved aerodynamic performance of these air vehicles can lead to fast take off and slower landing speeds that can be related to reduce noise and crash survivability issues. The investigation and research in this field is rapidly rising and there are many concepts currently being considered around the world. This report provides an overview on the state of unmanned air vehicle and introduces the techniques of Active Flow Control ACF that could be potentially used for control of UAV. Furthermore, this paper may also focuses on the review research involved with the design modification and the generated flow phenomena of Micro air vehicle MAV.
Fulltext Application of remote sensing instruments in air quality monitoring in Malaysia

Mohd Muzammil Salahuddin, Zulfa Hanan Ashaari

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):93-112.
MyJurnal

The use of remote sensing in detecting aerosol or air pollution is not widely applied in Malaysia. The large area of coverage provided by remote sensing satellite may well be the solution to the lack of spatial coverage by the local ground air quality monitoring stations. This article discusses the application of remote sensing instruments in air quality monitoring of Malaysia. The remote sensing data is validated using ground truths either from local ground air monitoring stations or the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The correlation between remote sensing is relatively good with R from 0.5 to 0.9 depending on the satellite used. The correlation is much improved using the mixed effects algorithm applied on MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data. Accuracy of predicted air quality data by remote sensing is generally tested using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) against the ground truths data. Besides the Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are used in manipulating the data from both remote sensing and ground stations so as to produce meaningful results such as spatio-temporal pattern mapping of air pollution. Overall the results showed that the application of remote sensing instruments in air quality monitoring in Malaysia is very useful and can be improved further.

MeSH terms: Aerosols; Air Pollution; Algorithms; Malaysia; Geographic Information Systems; Remote Sensing Technology; Robotic Surgical Procedures
Fulltext Carbon nanotubes reinforced aluminum matrix composites - a review of processing techniques

Toozandehjani, Meysam, Khamirul Amin Matori, Ostovan, Farhad, Sidek Abdul Aziz, Md Shuhazely Mamat, Oskoueian, Arshin

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):70-92.
MyJurnal

Carbon nanotube reinforced aluminium matrix composites (Al-CNTs) have been widely used in aerospace and automotive industries where high quality and strength is required. The enhanced mechanical properties of Al-CNTs are closely related to processing technique due to challenges within production of these composite materials. In the current review, solid state processing techniques used for synthesizing Al-CNTs have been reviewed to provide an insight into the features and capabilities of each technique regarding the incorporation of CNT reinforcements. To conclude, the mechanical performance of Al-CNT composites is mainly decided by the capability of each technique in the dispersion of CNTs within the aluminum matrix.

MeSH terms: Aluminum; Crystallization; Industry; Problem Solving; Reinforcement (Psychology); Nanotubes, Carbon
Fulltext Measuring and mapping urban growth patterns using remote sensing and GIS techniques

Aburas, Maher Milad, Sabrina Ho Abdullah, Mohammad Firuz Ramli, Zulfa Hanan Ash'aari

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):55-69.
MyJurnal

Remote sensing and geographic information system techniques are significant and popular approaches that have been used in recent years to measure and map urban growth patterns. This paper primarily aims to provide a basis for a literature review of urban growth measurement and mapping by using different methods. For this purpose, the general characteristics of measuring and mapping urban growth patterns are described and classified. The strengths and weaknesses of the various methods have been identified from an analysis and discussion of the characteristics of the techniques. Results of reviews confirm that combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, such as Shannon approach and change detection, to measure and map urban growth patterns will improve understanding of the phenomenon of urban growth. Moreover, using social and economic data such as population and income data will improve understanding of the relationships between causes and effects. The integration of social and economic factors with quantitative and qualitative techniques will contribute to a perfect evaluation of urban growth patterns and land use changes, taking technical, social, economic, spatial, and temporal factors into account.

MeSH terms: Agriculture; Biological Phenomena; Social Environment; Geographic Information Systems; Remote Sensing Technology
Fulltext Culture centered design: reviews on cultural factors influencing interface design elements

Noliza Saidin, Dalbir Singh, Zainul Akramin Mohd Drus

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):42-54.
MyJurnal

Issues regarding misconception of the same piece of information are solicited from users with different cultural background and needs. Various efforts have been conducted to cater to such issue. However studies regarding cultivation of cultural elements in user interface design seem to be neglected. Numerous studies show that interface design preferences are related to the user’s cultural background. Furthermore, studies of user cultural needs could enhance user’s understanding and acceptance of the interface design. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review the cultural factors influencing interface design elements. Indirectly, it exhibits the concept of culture centered design.
Fulltext Treatments of chicken feather waste

Cheong, Chooi Wei, Siti Aqlima Ahmad, Ooi, Peck Toung, Phang, Lai Yee

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):32-41.
MyJurnal

Feather waste is a potential renewable source to recover valuable products because it is being a rich source of keratin proteins and amino acids. It can be used to make feather meal, fertilizer and yarn sizing agent. Various treatments have been used to recover the protein from chicken feathers as the keratinous feathers cannot be easily degraded due to its tough structure. This paper reviews the existing treatment methods used to hydrolyze chicken feathers. The treatment methods for feather hydrolysis such as physical, chemical, biological and combined treatments as well as their advantages and challenges are highlighted. The effects of these treatments on feather hydrolysis are complex and vary in regards to the performance of feather hydrolysis and product yielded. Hence, it is important to choose an appropriate treatment method since the type of treatment applied affects the product yielded qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, the economic assessment and environmental impact of the choice of treatment should be considered also.

MeSH terms: Amino Acids; Animals; Chickens; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Feathers; Fertilizers; Hydrolysis; Keratins; Meals
Fulltext CsoR metalloregulatory protein: function, mechanism and relevance

Mangavelu, Ashwaani, Yahaya M. Normi, Leow, Adam Thean Chor, Mohd Shukuri Mohammad Ali, Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd. Rahman

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):24-31.
MyJurnal

Transition metals are required constituent in bacterial metabolism to assist in some enzymatic reactions. However, intracellular accumulations of these metal ions are harmful to the bacteria as it can trigger unnecessary redox reactions. To overcome this condition, metalloregulatory proteins assist organisms to adapt to sudden elevated and deprived metal ion concentration in the environment via metal homeostasis. CsoR protein is a copper(I) [Cu(I)] sensing operon repressor that is found to be present in all major classes of eubacteria. This metalloregulatory protein binds to the operator region in its apo state under Cu(I) limiting condition and detaches off from the regulatory region when it binds to the excess cytosolic Cu(I) ion, thus derepressing the expression of genes involved in Cu(I) homeostasis. CsoR proteins exist in dimeric and tetrameric states and form certain coordination geometries upon attachment with Cu(I). Certain CsoR proteins have also been found to possess the ability to bind to other types of metals with various binding affinities in some Gram positive bacteria. The role of this metalloregulatory protein in host pathogen interaction and its relation to bacterial virulence are also discussed.

MeSH terms: Copper; Eubacterium; Homeostasis; Ions; Metals; Operator Regions, Genetic; Operon; Oxidation-Reduction; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Virulence; Host-Pathogen Interactions
Fulltext Integrating motivation in instructional design

Wong, Shu Ling, Wong, Su Luan

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):17-23.
MyJurnal

This paper explores the construct of motivation from the perspective of the instructional designer or teacher. It describes the motivation to learn in the context of intrinsic motivation, Expectancy-value Theory, Self-efficacy Theory, and Attribution Theory. The ARCS motivational model is examined in detail before discussing how motivation can be integrated in instructional design to enhance learning. This paper also explicates Cheng and Yeh’s (2009) framework in the context of classroom learning.
Fulltext Male reproductive system

Assi, Mohammed Abdulrazzaq, Abdul Wahid Haron, Md Sabri Mohd Yusoff, Mohammed Ali Rajion, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):1-16.
MyJurnal

The overall reproductive process consists of both the human sex organs which include the male and female reproductive system. The ability to produce offsprings that have similar characteristic as their parents is the goal of reproduction. The sexual type of reproduction takes place in human and both male and female reproductive system is required. Male reproductive system is mainly concerned with production of semen (whitish viscous fluid emitted from the male reproductive tract that contains sperm and fluids) and transferring it into the female reproductive tract. In this review, we will discuss the latest findings in the research pertaining the male reproductive system and its contribution towards the research in advancement of reproductive physiology.

MeSH terms: Female; Genitalia, Female; Genitalia, Male; Goals; Humans; Male; Parents; Reproduction; Semen; Spermatozoa
Fulltext Development of folliculitis in a patient with recalcitrant pustular psoriasis following acitretin treatment: A case report

Nur Ashikin Ahmad, Tarita Taib, Meera Kuppusamy

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2017;2(1):48-51.
MyJurnal

Oral retinoids are among the drugs of choice for pustular psoriasis. Therapy with retinoids, including acitretin, is potent teratogens with other common side effects such as mucocutaneous involvement. Mucocutaneous side effects including dry lips (cheilitis), skin peeling, hair loss (alopecia), dry skin, or rhinitis are dose-related, with cheilitis occurring in more than 75% of patients receiving the highest doses of acitretin (75 mg/day). We report on a 37-year-old woman who developed folliculitis with acitretin which is a rare cutaneous side effect. She presented with eruptions pruritic papules with follicular pattern on anterior thigh and forearms after almost 1 year of treatment with acitretin (50mg OD) for pustular psoriasis. The skin lesion was treated successfully with skin dressing and antibiotic treatment and skin biopsy is suggestive of folliculitis. Several treatments for pustular psoriasis including topical steroids, methotrexate and oral prednisolone were ineffective or not tolerated. Treatment with acitretin which are 50mg OD provided partial resolution of skin lesions. The case is hereby reported because of its rarity and folliculitis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a popular eruption, especially in patients with high dose acitretin.

MeSH terms: Adult; Alopecia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bandages; Biopsy; Cheilitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Folliculitis; Forearm; Humans; Lip; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Psoriasis; Rhinitis; Skin Diseases; Teratogens; Thigh; Acitretin
Fulltext Antiretroviral treatment-associated labia majora lipohypertrophy: A rare case and plastic surgical treatment options

Akmal Hisham, Devananthan Ilenghoven, Wan Syazli Wan Ahmad Kamal, Salina Ibrahim, Shah Jumaat Mohd Yussof

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2017;2(1):43-47.
MyJurnal

The emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has revolutionized the prognosis of HIV-infected patients. However, the extended use of HAART is associated with a disfiguring complication termed lipodystrophy, a disorder of body fat maldistribution causing peripheral fat loss (lipoatrophy) and central fat accumulation (lipohypertrophy). Lipoatrophy commonly affects the face, legs, buttocks and arm, whilst lipohypertrophy frequently favours the abdomen, breast and dorsocervical region. To our knowledge, we present only the second documented case in the literature of a labia majora lipohypertrophy in a HIV-positive patient receiving long-term HAART. The severity of labial abnormality caused significant physical and functional morbidities. Labiaplasty with dermolipectomy of the labia majora and excisional lipectomy of the mons pubis was successfully performed. At a 6-month follow-up, patient had no recurrence with resolution of symptoms and resumption of normal activities of daily living (ADL).

MeSH terms: Abdomen; Activities of Daily Living; Adipose Tissue; Buttocks; Follow-Up Studies; HIV Seropositivity; Humans; Lipodystrophy; Prognosis; Pubic Bone; Lipectomy; HIV Infections; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Fulltext A case of pustular psoriasis in a young boy

Meera Kuppusamy, Tarita Taib

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2017;2(1):39-42.
MyJurnal

We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with acute onset of generalised erythematous skin and patchy areas of pustules for one week duration. He was well until one month ago when he started having small scaly plaques on his scalp and extensors of his legs. During the acute episode, he also had joint pain and bilateral conjunctivitis. Skin biopsy confirmed pustular psoriasis. He developed leucocytosis and transaminitis during the acute phase of the pustular eruption while on acitretin, which was then withheld. Subsequently, treatment with oral cyclosporine induced remission of his skin and joint disease. The case is hereby reported because of rarity of presentation and clinical features. Oral cyclosporine should be considered in patients with generalised pustular psoriasis complicated with transaminitis.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Conjunctivitis; Humans; Joint Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Psoriasis; Scalp; Skin; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Cyclosporine; Acitretin; Arthralgia
Fulltext Electrocochleographic recording in Asian adults: Preliminary normative data and demographic analyses

Zakaria MN, Nik Othman NA, Musa Z

J Otol, 2017 Mar;12(1):29-33.
PMID: 29937834 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2017.02.002

Objective: Electrocochleography (ECochG) is valuable to diagnose Meniere's disease objectively. The aim of the present study was to provide preliminary normative data for ECochG among Asian adults. The influences of ethnicity (Malay versus Chinese) and gender on ECochG results were also studied.
Methods: Twenty-two Malay adults (10 men and 12 women) and twenty Chinese participants (10 men and 10 women) aged between 20 and 49 years participated in this study. Extratympanic ECochG (ET-ECochG) was recorded according to standard non-invasive procedure. Summating potential (SP) amplitude, action potential (AP) amplitude and SP/AP ratio were analyzed accordingly.
Results: ET-ECochG results were found to be comparable between left and right ears (p > 0.05). No notable differences in ET-ECochG results were found between Malay and Chinese groups (p > 0.05). No significant influence of gender on ET-ECochG outcomes was also noted (p > 0.05). The derived normative data for Asian adults (84 ears) are consistent with previous reports.
Conclusion: The present study provides preliminary normative data for ET-ECochG among Asian adults. The ECochG components do not appear to be influenced by either ethnicity or gender. The derived normative data can be used for clinical applications and as the reference for future studies involving Asian population.

External Links