Antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for infective endocarditis have been regularly
revised and modified based on current scientific evidence. These guidelines commonly regarded as
standard of care and determine the medicolegal standards. The aim of this study was to elicit the
current practice of prophylaxis antibiotic for Infective endocarditis among general dental
practitioner in Klang Valley. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Standard of Care
The effect of surgical removal of impacted third molars on the periodontal
parameters of adjacent second molar revealed inconsistent results. Some authors suggested
improvement of periodontal parameters distal to second molar, whilst others demonstrated loss of
attachment and reduction of alveolar bone height. This study was conducted to evaluate the
alveolar bone height (ABH) and periodontal status of second molar after the surgery. (Copied from article).
Duration of treatment is one of the things orthodontic patients complaint about
most and challenging orthodontist to shorten treatment time. A new surgical technique was
introduced to accelerate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment through combining surgical
and orthodontic treatment by doing surgical reduction of the bone mass in the path of desired
tooth movement prior to start orthodontic alignment of the teeth. (Copied from article).
Squamous cell carcinoma is reported as one of the most common types of cancer with
increasing numbers of occurrence. Luvunga scandens is a plant possessing many bioactivities and
general health effects, yet its anti-proliferative effect is under reported and need to be
scientifically evaluated. (Copied from article).
1st IIUM International Dental Conference 2017
Introduction: Oral health literacy (OHL) can be different between science stream and non-science stream students as the exposure to knowledge of science is low among non-science stream. This situation can lead to unhealthy oral health behaviour and later increase the oral health problem among the non-science stream group. Thus, the study conducted aimed to compare the oral health literacy among science stream and non-science stream students and other factors associated, among first year students of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 256 students from various faculties of USIM consisted of both science and non-science stream group. A validated Malay version, self-administered questionnaire of Oral Health Literacy Instrument (OHLI) was used to assess their OHL. Data gathered was later
analysed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Multiple logistics regression was used to determine the associated risk factors of OHL.
Results: Study indicated that science stream students compared to non-science stream students have higher oral health literacy (OR= 6.98; 95% CI= 3.64, 13.39; p<0.001). Besides, students whom their mother's education level are high have higher OHL compared to their counterparts (OR= 2.31; 95%CI= 1.24, 4.28; p= 0.008).
Conclusion(s): An exposure to in-depth knowledge of science has an effect on OHL. Science stream students have high oral health literacy compared to non-science group. This finding give some ideas on suitable methods of oral health promotion that can be implemented among science and non-science stream background of students especially in school.
KEYWORDS: oral health literacy, science stream, first year students, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Malaysia; Oral Health; Students; Universities; Health Behavior; Knowledge; Young Adult; Health Literacy
Dental plaque is a structurally and functionally organized biofilm. Modern molecular
biological techniques have identified about 1000 different bacterial species in the dental biofilm,
twice as many as can be cultured. Inherent resistance of biofilm bacteria to conventional
antibiotics is alarming. It induces antibiotic resistance to an order of three or more in magnitude
greater than those displayed by planktonic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is the most dominant
bacterial species isolated from the saliva and dental plaques. One of the reasons for its
pathogenicity is its ability to form biofilms. In this study, the resistance of S. aureus biofilms
against a eries of metal-antibiotics, an alternative to the conventional antibiotics, was
investigated. (Copied from article).
Salvadora percisa (popularly known as miswak) has been widely used as an aid for
oral hygiene in dentate patient. There is no side effect of using miswak stick. A new approach
introduced the role of miswak stick in edentulous patient. It may prevent the incidence of denture
stomatitis among denture wearer. This study assessed the effectiveness of the miswak stick as an
oral aid in edentulous patients as an alternative treatment for denture stomatitis. (Copied from article).
The mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the veneered
porcelain and the ceramic core has been primarily identified as the cause of core/veneer chipping
in all-ceramic restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodalite infiltration on the
CTE behaviour and bond strength of different all-ceramic prostheses. Materials and Methods: The
experimental groups were synthesised sodalite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD) and synthesised
sodalite-infiltrated zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) (IZ-SOD), while the control groups were glassinfiltrated alumina (IA-glass) and glass-infiltrated ZTA (IZ-glass). (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Aluminum Oxide; Ceramics; Dental Porcelain; Glass; Zirconium; Prostheses and Implants; Control Groups
Intraoral periapical radiographic film is essential and aids in diagnosis, treatment
planning, monitoring treatment and monitoring lesion development. A poor image quality of
radiographic film and poor record keeping of these radiographs can affect the clinician's decision
making. This first audit was to evaluate the quality of radiographic images and the compliance in
following the standard of recording and labeling of radiographic films. The objectives of this audit
were; firstly to highlight any potential problems involving quality of radiographic films within the
department. Second, to assess the compliance of record keeping and labeling of intraoral
radiographs. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a retrospective manner in the
year 2017 with a sample of 100 intraoral periapical radiographic films from the year 2015 to 2016 in
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah. Results: This first audit cycle demonstrated: Good quality of
radiographic films: 13% (n= 13/100), Good compliance of record keeping and labeling of radiograph: 32% (n= 32/100).
MeSH terms: Hospitals; Malaysia; Medical Audit*; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; X-Ray Film
In the management of chronic pain, stepwise oral analgesics of graded strength are
considered as first-line therapy. Minimally invasive interventional procedures remain an
option for its treatment when pharmacological therapy fails to control the pain. We
reported three classical cases of chronic trigeminal neuralgia that were managed with
two types of pain intervention approaches after failing conservative management. (Copied from article).
A Severe encephalitis with an uncontrolled seizure may produce impairment in a variety
of cognitive functions. The appropriate treatment for cognitive impairment postencephalitisis
are currently unknown. We are reporting a case of depression and cognitive impairment post- encephalitis with an uncontrolled seizure. (Copied from article).
Kinetic estimate of GFR (keGFR) is a more accurate estimate of GFR in the
acute settings with rapidly changing kidney functions. It takes into account the changes
of creatinine over time, creatinine production rate, and the volume of distribution,
however needs serial measurement of creatinine. We evaluated which methods of the
conventional eGFR measurement best correlates with keGFR. This could assist clinicians
in using a simpler method of calculation and is useful in the absence of serial plasma
creatinine. (Copied from article).
Introduction: Febuxostat is a non-purine-selective oral xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug, and is an alternative to Allopurinol to lower serum uric acid in gout patients. It is probably more effective than Allopurinol, however, its use is limited because of its cost and availability. Allopurinol has been the mainstay treatment for gout for about 50 years. However, its use has been associated with allergic reactions especially in patients with renal impairment.The objective of this study was to describe HTAA Rheumatology Unit experiences with Febuxostat in the management of gout.
Materials and method: Case records belonging to 6 patients who had been started on Febuxostat between January 2012 and January 2017 were analysed.
Results: The majority of patients on Febuxostat were males (83.3%) as well as Malays (83.3%). About 66.7% of patients had already developed mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (GFR between 30-89 mL/min) due to multifactorial causes by the time they were started on Febuxostat. Also 33% of patients had mild liver impairment (ALT & AST < 1.5 ULN) due to fatty liver prior to Febuxostat. All patients had been started on Febuxostat due to allergic reactions to Allopurinol. All patients were on Febuxostat 40 mg once a day. Following Febuxostat, a significant decrease in the uric acid levels much closer to the target level i.e. less than 360 µmol/L were achieved in all patients. Only 1 patient (16.7%) developed a side effect i.e. ALT > 1.5 ULN while the rest tolerated the drug very well.
Conclusion: Although the number of patients analysed was small, Febuxostat was shown to be very effective and safe for use in patients with gout even with concomitant mild to moderate renal impairment. Serum uric acid levels reduced significantly while on the lowest dose of 40 mg once a day.
Radiological manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV positive
patients is different with HIV negative patients. We aim to determine the differences in
chest radiological findings of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among HIV and non-HIV infected
patients in HTAA. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Humans; Radiography; Radiology; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; HIV Infections
Traumatic brain injury following road traffic accidents is a common cause
of morbidity and mortality in Malaysia. We aim to determine the differences of traumatic
brain injury patterns based on CT findings among motorcyclist versus passenger vehicle
patients involved in road traffic accidents. (Copied from article).
Introduction: There was no previous study to assess relationship between dry eye symptoms and signs in the local population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship of symptomatic assessment and clinical signs of dryness in dry eye subjects.
Materials and method: A Cross-sectional study with convenient sampling involving 321 subjects with 642 eyes was done. Subjects were divided into non-dry eye (NDE) and dry eye (DE) groups. The division of NDE and DE groups were done using two types of classification. In Classification 1(symptoms-based), DE was defined if the score of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score was more than 33. The value of tear film break-up time (TFBUT) less than 5 seconds and Schirmer test with anaesthesia (STA) less than 5mm/5 minutes were considered as DE for Classification 2 (signs based).
Results: There were poor correlations between OSDI and clinical signs of dryness in all subjects involved (p > 0.05). Similar findings were also noted within NDE subjects in Classification 1 and Classification 2. OSDI score was also not significantly correlated with the signs of dryness within DE subjects except with ocular protection index (OPI) (r = - 0.14, p = 0.047) in Classification 1 and with conjunctival lissamine green staining (CLGS) (r = 0.23, p = 0.040) in Classification 2.
Conclusion: There were no significant correlation between the symptoms of dry eye and the clinical signs of dry eye. Therefore, the clinical diagnosis of dry eye can be made based on either just on the symptoms or the signs.
The present concepts in Total Hip Arthroplasty advocate mechanical cement interlock
with trabecular bone utilising the third-generation cementing technique. However, the
force generated can easily reach peak pressure of 122 kPa to 1500 kPa, leading to
extrusion of cement through nutrient foramina into femoral cortex into nutrient vessels,
henceforth the retrograde arteriovenogram. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Bone Cements; Femur; Haversian System; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Cancellous Bone
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major medical and socioeconomic
problem. Patients with severe TBI shows physical and functional improvement but
remain with cognitive and psycho-social problem throughout recovery. Despite all the
issues, the impact of TBI on long-term survivors in Malaysia is unknown. The aim of this
study is to measure the functional level of ICU survivors with severe TBI within 6 months
post injury. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Cognition; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Malaysia; Physical Examination; Social Problems; Survivors; Brain Injuries, Traumatic
Neer first popularised the use of primary hemiarthroplasty to treat complex proximal
humerus fractures, especially when the humeral head is nonviable or not
reconstructable with internal fixations, and with younger patients. (Copied from article).
The occurrence of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation is fairly uncommon; however, it is
more common to be encountered in the paediatric population, typically seen after a
retropharyngeal inflammation or after a minor trauma. Ligamentous laxity, shallower
and more horizontally oriented facet joints especially at the C1-2 joint making them
prone to have atlantoaxial subluxation or dislocation. (Copied from article).