Muhammad Adil Khattak, Muhammad Khairy Harmaini Shaharuddin, Muhammad Saiful Islam Haris, Muhammad Zuhaili Mohammad Aminuddin, Nik Mohamad Amirul Nik Azhar, Nik Muhammad Hakimi Nik Ahmad
It is essential to ensure the nuclear power plant system are not compromise and avoid
failure that can result in significant economic loss and physical damage to the public.
However, a very little attention was given to software and cybersecurity hazard. This
review paper discusses about the cybersecurity in nuclear power plant, history of
accident, implementation and future plan on cybersecurity deeply. About 51 published
studies (2006-2017) are reviewed in this paper. It is marked from the literature survey
articles that it is important for the cybersecurity of a nuclear power plant to be at par
with the evolution of hardware and software and to counter the increasing risk on
cyber vulnerabilities. Moreover, it should be addressed as a concern and major priority
for researches and policy-makers.
MeSH terms: Accidents; Attention; Surveys and Questionnaires; Research; Risk; Software; Computer Security; Nuclear Power Plants
The water shortage in Selangor Northwest Project rice granary areas has been growing
concern. The increase in plant capacity and the El Nino phenomenon that hit Malaysia
(1998 & 2016) has cause the main source of irrigation; surface water and rainfall, could
no longer meet the needs of paddy. As a consequence, paddy productivity has
becoming serious concern and urge for alternative irrigation water supply. At the same
time, the use of groundwater as a source of alternative supply of irrigation water has
started to get attentions. However, to determine the potential groundwater aquifer,
preliminary study should be made in advance. Thus, the focus of this paper is to
investigate the geological structure of the Selangor Basin by means analysis of
borehole information. A total of 56 tube wells data were used to obtain layers of
subsurface in the study area. By using groundwater modelling software (Visual
MODFLOW), a model that represents an actual geological conditions has been made.
A total of 6 subsurface layers have been identified. The result of study showed that,
the geological formations of the study area mainly consist of three types; alluvium,
sedimentary and metamorphic rock.
MeSH terms: Attention; Geology; Malaysia; Oryza; Software; Water; Water Supply; El Nino-Southern Oscillation; Groundwater; Water Wells
Membrane technologies have received high interest in the separation gas mixture. The
ceramic inorganic membranes have possessed high permeability, excellent thermal,
chemical and mechanical stabilities compared to conventional polymer membranes.
This work presents the fabrication of silica ceramic membrane by sol dip-coating
method. The tubular support was dipped into the solution of tetrethylorthosilicate
(TEOS), distilled water and ethanol with the addition of nitric acid as a catalyst. The
fabricated silica membrane was then characterized by (Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscope) FESEM and (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) FTIR to
determine structural and chemical properties at different dipping number. FESEM
images indicate that the silica has been deposited on the surface fabricated ceramic
membrane and penetrate into the pore walls. However, number of dipping did not
affect the intensity peak of FTIR analysis.
The purpose of this research is to enhance the gain signal amplification by using dual
pump double pass configuration in comparative with single pump double pass that are
commonly used as conventional optical amplifier configuration in optical
communication system nowadays. Two input signals power have been implemented
which are -30 and 0 decibel (dB). The input signal defined as low and high input signals
power by using a pump power of 1480 nm. The amplification of EDFA in this study have
been taken place in conventional band (C) band and long wavelength band (L) band of
EDFA within the range of 1515 to 1615 nm. Therefore, to understand the performance
of the gain amplification, the OptiSystem software simulator version 13 has been used
for simulation and the values of fiber length and pump power has been varied for both
configurations. It has been found that the, dual pump double pass configuration has
shown better gain performance at lower input signal power compared to the single
pump double pass configuration.
A 61-year-old male presented with community-onset
pneumonia not responding to treatment despite given
appropriate antibiotics. Computed tomography scan of the
thorax showed large multiloculated pleural effusion with
multiple cavitating foci within collapsed segments; lesions
which were suggestive of necrotising pneumonia. Drainage
of the effusion and culture revealed methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, which had the same antibiotic
profile with the blood isolate and PVL gene positive.
Adequate space is required in the interforaminal region for anterior mandibular
surgery, where the anterior loop is located within this region. The aim of this study is to evaluate
the prevalence of the anterior loop (AL) of the inferior alveolar nerve, and to measure its length
and position in patients attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry using cone beam computed tomography
(CBCT). (Copied from article).
Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary tooth, or teeth, which appear
in addition to the regular number of teeth. It is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to
arise from multiple aetiologies. It may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the
oral cavity. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located in the anterior maxilla, placed palatally or
in between the maxillary central incisors. (Copied from article).
Introduction: In dental schools, the clinical students are closely supervised to ensure a good quality of care delivery. However, little is known about the relation between the patients' satisfaction and the quality of care they received, therefore the aim of this study was to assess the relation between parents' satisfaction and the quality of dental care provided by dental students at IIUM students' polyclinic during paediatric clinical session.
Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire on service quality, interpersonal communication, and efficacy and treatment outcome dimensions were distributed to parents who attended their children dental treatment from September 2016 until December 2016. Meanwhile, the students' performances were assessed for their clinical and soft skills by the allocated paediatric dentistry lecturer. Data collected were analysed by using X² test.
Results: 42 questionnaires and assessment forms were completed and analysed. The result showed 71.1% of the parents were satisfied with the quality of dental care provided despite the students' performance outcomes were moderate (84.2%). There is no significant difference between parents' satisfaction and the quality of dental care provided by the dental students (p>0.05). Mother showed higher percentage of satisfaction (60%) compared to father (36.4%). However, there is no significant relation between parents' satisfaction and the gender of the parents (p=0.076).
Conclusion(s): Generally, parents are satisfied with the dental care provided by the dental students at IIUM Paediatric Dental Clinic regardless of the quality. Hence, parents' satisfaction could not be the best tool to assess the quality of care provided by the operators.
KEYWORDS: parental's satisfaction, dental students, quality of dental care
Mothers play important roles in their children's oral health. The aim of this study is to
determine the relationship between mothers’ sociodemographic backgrounds and their oral health
knowledge, attitude and practice of their preschool children. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Child, Preschool; Female; Health Education, Dental; Humans; Mothers; Oral Health
This is a novel study of the depth of penetration of bonding agents (BA) by using a
miniaturised CT-scan, XMT.The Linear Attenuation Coefficient describes the fraction of a beam of
x-rays or gamma rays that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber. The higher
the LAC, the more opaque the image is. (Copied from article).
: Reconstruction of the primary defect following resection of primary tumour is part of
the surgical treatment of head and neck cancer.The present paper reports a case of reconstruction
of medium size through and through defect of the cheek with the transverse platysma
myocutaneous flap combined with the temporalis flap. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Cheek; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Myocutaneous Flap
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) plays important roles in osteoblast
differentiation, tooth development and chondrocyte maturation; hence its involvement in
craniofacial development is paramount. Mutation in RUNX2 is implicated with cleidocranial
dysplasia; a bone development disorder, while single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in RUNX2 is
associated with Class II/2 malocclusion. This study aimed to determine RUNX2 SNP of DNA marker
(rs6930053) in malocclusion patients from local population. (Copied from article).
Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine association of age and gender with dental treatment need among first-visit patients at Dental Outpatient Clinic, IIUM Kuantan in 2016.
Materials and Methods: Ethical approval (IREC 762) was obtained from IIUM Human Ethics Committee. List of first-visit patients who attended clinic from 1st January to 31st December 2016 was retrieved to assess patient's age and gender. Dental treatment need was determined according to the normative need which was professionally defined by dental-officer-in-charge. All first-visit patients were included, except those attended Orthodontic department or with old Malaysian identification card or foreign passport. Included patients were classified into six age groups (≤14, 15-19, 20-34, 35-44, 45-64 and ≥ 65). Pearson's chi square test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS Version 20 software.
Results: From a total number of 2,713 patients (age range of 2 to 87), 1,210 (44.6%) were males and 1,503 (55.4%) were females. Age (p<0.001) and gender (p<0.001) were significantly associated with dental treatment need. Paediatric patients (≤14) majorly received paedodontic care (97.5%). Young-age patients (15-19, 20-34 and 35-44) mostly required conservative care (39.5%, 31.2% & 30.6%, respectively) while elder-age patients (45-64 and ≥ 65) have major need for prosthodontics (30.0% & 40.2%, respectively). Females outnumbered males in all age groups, except for the age group of ≥ 65 whereby the situation was the opposite. Females also outnumbered males in all types of treatment need, except for periodontics which was predominated by males.
Conclusion(s): Age and gender have significant associations with treatment need for dental care.
KEYWORDS: treatment need, dental, association, age, gender
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Care; Dental Clinics; Humans; Malaysia
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) refer to injury to the teeth and/or peridontium and
perioral soft tissues. To date, very few dental trauma studies conducted in the university setting,
thus the aim of this research is to provide an epidemiological data of TDI cases among patients
attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD), IIUM Kuantan Campus. (Copied from article).
PAX9 (Paired box 9) gene is one of the genes which play significant role during
craniofacial development. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PAX9 has been associated with
Class II/Division 2 malocclusion (with or without hypodontia). However, the relationship between
PAX9 SNP marker (rs8004560) with mandibular prognathism (MP) has not been analysed, at least in
our local population. This study aimed to detect the presence of PAX9 (rs8004560) SNP in Class III
malocclusion patients (with MP) in the local population. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Anodontia; Humans; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Prognathism; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Dental caries is the most common yet preventable disease. Study found that seaweed
exhibits anti-cariogenic properties. However, little attention have been given to the study on anticariogenic properties of seaweed and the bioactive compound that responsible for the anticariogenic activities have not adequately investigated. This study was conducted to evaluate the
best extraction methods for S. polycystum and to determine the fatty acid compounds of S.
polycystum that have anti-cariogenic potential against oral cariogenic bacteria. (Copied from article).
Mothers can be trained to screen caries in their children. The aim of this study is to
assess the validity of mothers’ caries screening of their preschool children. (Copied from article).
Dentist-related factors are one of the major influences on the material selection for
restoration of carious and non-carious tooth surface loss. There were conflicting results regarding
the impact of dentists' gender and age or length of clinical experience on restorative material
selection for posterior dentition. The aims of this study were to determine the influence of gender
and clinical experience on posterior restorative material selection among private dental
practitioner in Malaysia. (Copied from article).
The development of treatment strategies for periodontitis that maximise the
effectiveness of antibiotics is highly desirable. Azithromycin is proving to be an effective antibiotic
for treatment of refractory periodontitis which works by binding to the outer membrane of Gramnegative bacteria and subsequently inhibits protein synthesis. Lactoferrin is a membrane-active
host antimicrobial protein and so the objective of this study was to determine whether the effect
of azithromycin (AZM) against example periodontopathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis and
Tannerella forsythia) could be potentiated by lactoferrin. (Copied from article).
The timing of ABG procedure in a cleft patient is crucial to provide room and bony
support for the eruption of canine. However, there seems to be a delay in execution of this
procedure in certain centres. Material and Methods: Sample consists of records of cleft patients
treated from 2000-2016. The date and age for commencement of active orthodontic treatment,
date referred for ABG and date ABG done were retrieved. The centres that conducted these
surgeries identified. (Copied from article).
MeSH terms: Dental Clinics; Humans; Malaysia; Medical Audit*; Time Factors*