Organophosphate esters in water and air: A minireview of their sources, occurrence, and air-water exchange

Marlina N 1 , Hassan F 2 , Chao HR 3 , Latif MT 4 , Yeh CF 5 , Horie Y 6 Show all authors , Shiu RF 7 , Hsieh YK 8 , Jiang JJ 9

Affiliations 

  • 1 Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan
  • 2 Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Faculty of Engineering, University of Jember, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
  • 3 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
  • 4 Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 5 Hwa-Ying Environment Technical Consultants Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 81463, Taiwan
  • 6 Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
  • 7 Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
  • 8 Climate Change Research Center, National Environmental Research Academy, Taoyuan, 320680, Taiwan. Electronic address: yenkung.Hsieh@moenv.gov.tw
  • 9 Advanced Environmental Ultra Research Laboratory (ADVENTURE) & Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Center for Environmental Risk Management (CERM), Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan; Research Center for Carbon Neutrality and Net Zero Emissions, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 320314, Taiwan. Electronic address: jjjiang@cycu.edu.tw
Chemosphere, 2024 May;356:141874.
PMID: 38575079 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141874

Abstract

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have received considerable attention in environmental research due to their extensive production, wide-ranging applications, prevalent presence, potential for bioaccumulation, and associated ecological and health concerns. Low efficiency of OPE removal results in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants emerging as a significant contributor to OPE contamination. Their notable solubility and mobility give OPEs the potential to be transported to coastal ecosystems via river discharge and atmospheric deposition. Previous research has indicated that OPEs have been widely detected in the atmosphere and water bodies. Atmospheric deposition across air-water exchange is the main input route for OPEs into the environment and ecosystems. The main processes that contribute to air-water exchange is air-water diffusion, dry deposition, wet deposition, and the air-water volatilization process. The present minireview links together the source, occurrence, and exchange of OPEs in water and air, integrates the occurrence and profile data, and summarizes their air-water exchange in the environment.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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