Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, KPK, 28420, Pakistan
  • 2 Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, KPK, 28420, Pakistan. zahir@ulm.edu.pk
  • 3 Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. vrinceanu.narcisai@ulbsibiu.ro
  • 5 School of Mathematical Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
  • 6 Preclinical Department Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
Sci Rep, 2025 Feb 20;15(1):6262.
PMID: 39979382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90182-1

Abstract

Vector-borne infections impose a significant burden on global health systems and economies due to their widespread impact and the substantial resources required for prevention, control, and treatment efforts. In this work, we formulate a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of a vector-borne infection with the effect of vaccination through the Atangana-Baleanu derivative. The solutions of the model are positive and bounded for positive initial values of the state variable. We presented the basic concept and theory of fractional calculus for the analysis of the model. We determine the threshold parameter, denoted by [Formula: see text], using the next-generation matrix method. The local asymptotic stability of the system at the disease-free equilibrium is analyzed. To establish the existence of solutions for the proposed model, we employ fixed-point theory. A numerical scheme is developed to visualize the system's dynamical behavior under varying input parameters. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate how these parameters influence the dynamics of the system. The results highlight key factors affecting the transmission and control of vector-borne diseases, offering insights into strategies for prevention and mitigation.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.