Catching up with wonderful women: The women-are-wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies

Krys K 1 , Capaldi CA 2 , van Tilburg W 3 , Lipp OV 4 , Bond MH 5 , Vauclair CM 6 Show all authors , Manickam LSS 7 , Domínguez-Espinosa A 8 , Torres C 9 , Lun VM 10 , Teyssier J 11 , Miles LK 12 , Hansen K 13 , Park J 14 , Wagner W 15 , Yu AA 16 , Xing C 17 , Wise R 18 , Sun CR 19 , Siddiqui RS 20 , Salem R 21 , Rizwan M 22 , Pavlopoulos V 23 , Nader M 24 , Maricchiolo F 25 , Malbran M 26 , Javangwe G 27 , Işık İ 18 , Igbokwe DO 28 , Hur T 29 , Hassan A 30 , Gonzalez A 2 , Fülöp M 31 , Denoux P 11 , Cenko E 32 , Chkhaidze A 33 , Shmeleva E 34 , Antalíková R 35 , Ahmed RA 36

Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute of Psychology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  • 2 Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
  • 3 Department of Psychology, King's College London, London, UK
  • 4 School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
  • 5 Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
  • 6 Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal
  • 7 Centre for Applied Psychological Studies, JSS University, Kerala, India
  • 8 Psychology Department, Iberoamerican University, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 9 Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brazil
  • 10 Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong
  • 11 Département Clinique du Sujet, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
  • 12 School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
  • 13 Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • 14 Department of Management, Nagoya University of Commerce and Business, Nisshin, Japan
  • 15 Department of Social and Economic Psychology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
  • 16 Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Philippines
  • 17 Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China
  • 18 Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 19 Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan
  • 20 Department of Management Sciences, DHA SUFFA University, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 21 Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
  • 22 Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 23 Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 24 Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Colombia
  • 25 Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
  • 26 Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
  • 27 Department of Psychology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
  • 28 College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
  • 29 Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 30 Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 31 Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary and Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary
  • 32 Social Sciences Research Center, University of New York Tirana, Tirana, Albania
  • 33 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Agricultural University of Georgia, Georgia
  • 34 Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
  • 35 Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Denmark
  • 36 Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University, Egypt
Int J Psychol, 2018 Oct;53 Suppl 1:21-26.
PMID: 28295294 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12420

Abstract

Inequalities between men and women are common and well-documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies-there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women-are-wonderful effect-that women are evaluated more positively than men overall-is also common. Cross-cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self-reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women-are-wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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