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Global benchmarking of children's exposure to television advertising of unhealthy foods and beverages across 22 countries

Kelly B 1 , Vandevijvere S 2 , Ng S 3 , Adams J 4 , Allemandi L 5 , Bahena-Espina L 6 Show all authors , Barquera S 6 , Boyland E 7 , Calleja P 8 , Carmona-Garcés IC 9 , Castronuovo L 5 , Cauchi D 10 , Correa T 11 , Corvalán C 12 , Cosenza-Quintana EL 13 , Fernández-Escobar C 14 , González-Zapata LI 15 , Halford J 7 , Jaichuen N 16 , Jensen ML 17 , Karupaiah T 3 , Kaur A 18 , Kroker-Lobos MF 13 , Mchiza Z 19 , Miklavec K 20 , Parker WA 21 , Potvin Kent M 22 , Pravst I 20 , Ramírez-Zea M 13 , Reiff S 23 , Reyes M 12 , Royo-Bordonada MÁ 14 , Rueangsom P 16 , Scarborough P 24 , Tiscornia MV 5 , Tolentino-Mayo L 6 , Wate J 25 , White M 4 , Zamora-Corrales I 13 , Zeng L 26 , Swinburn B 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 Early Start, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
  • 2 School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
  • 3 Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
  • 4 Centre for Diet & Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
  • 5 Fundación InterAmericana del Corazón-Argentina (FIC Argentina), Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 6 Nutrition and Health Research Center (CINyS), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Mexico
  • 7 Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
  • 8 Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST), Paola, Malta
  • 9 School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Antioquia, Health Education and Nutrition Education Interdisciplinary Research Group (GIIESEN), Medellín, Colombia
  • 10 Department of Public Health, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
  • 11 School of Communication, Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
  • 12 Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
  • 13 INCAP Research Center for Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
  • 14 Spanish National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  • 15 School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Antioquia, Social and Economic Determinants of Health and Nutrition Research Group, Medellín, Colombia
  • 16 International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
  • 17 School of Nutrition, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
  • 18 Centre on Population Approaches for Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • 19 School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
  • 20 Nutrition Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  • 21 Population Health, Health Systems and Innovations, Human Science Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
  • 22 School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
  • 23 Department for Policy in Health, Ministry for Health, Valletta, Malta
  • 24 NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Centre on Population Approaches for Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • 25 Pacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
  • 26 School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, PR China
Obes Rev, 2019 Nov;20 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):116-128.
PMID: 30977265 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12840

Abstract

Restricting children's exposures to marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages is a global obesity prevention priority. Monitoring marketing exposures supports informed policymaking. This study presents a global overview of children's television advertising exposure to healthy and unhealthy products. Twenty-two countries contributed data, captured between 2008 and 2017. Advertisements were coded for the nature of foods and beverages, using the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) Europe Nutrient Profile Model (should be permitted/not-permitted to be advertised). Peak viewing times were defined as the top five hour timeslots for children. On average, there were four times more advertisements for foods/beverages that should not be permitted than for permitted foods/beverages. The frequency of food/beverages advertisements that should not be permitted per hour was higher during peak viewing times compared with other times (P 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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