Classification and characteristics of periorbital hyperpigmentation

INTRODUCTION: Periorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) is among the commonest esthetic and dermatological complaints. Despite its frequency, there are inadequate information detailing its incidence and prevalence. This subsequently leads to lack of comprehensive POH classification and stratification of impact on an individual's general well'being. Malaysia, a multiracial country with an expansive expatriate population, provides a unique opportunity to identify demographics of POH and subsequently attempts to group this esthetic and dermatological entity.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a new and clinically relevant POH classification system and to measure impact on quality of life of POH individuals.

METHODS: One hundred patients with POH were enrolled, of which all underwent clinical assessment by a clinician. Objective assessment with mexameter and digital analysis were performed. All recruited patients also completed a questionnaire based on dermatology life quality index (DLQI).

RESULTS: Assessments noted the commonest type of POH among the subjects was vascular (51%) with the least being pigmentary (6%). The location of POH majority involved both the upper and lower eyelids (65%). DLQI scoring shows that a majority (58%) did not disrupt their quality of life.

CONCLUSION: Vascular type POH was the frequent most form observed, and involvement tends to occur on both eyelids. A majority of noted that POH does not affect they QOL, but the due consideration must be given in those whom are moderately and minimally affected. A thorough and comprehensive holistic approach is required in managing POH despite its focal presentation as it does affect a patient's quality of life.