Linear alkylbenzenes in surface sediments of an estuarine and marine environment in peninsular Malaysia

Alkhadher SAA 1 , Kadir AA 2 , Zakaria MP 3 , Al-Gheethi A 4 , Keshavarzifard M 5 , Masood N 6 Show all authors , Alenezi KM 6 , Magam SM 7

Affiliations 

  • 1 Micro-pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: sadeq@uthm.edu.my
  • 2 Micro-pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: aeslina@uthm.edu.my
  • 3 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Micro-pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Cluster of Water and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
  • 5 Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran
  • 6 Department of Chemistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
  • 7 Environmental Forensics Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra, Malaysia
Mar Pollut Bull, 2020 Apr;153:111013.
PMID: 32275559 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111013

Abstract

Linear alkylbenzenes were determined in the surface sediments of Muar River and Pulau Merambong, Peninsular Malaysia. The concentrations ranged from 87.4 ng g-1 to 188.1 ng g-1 and from 67.4 ng g-1 to 98.2 ng g-1 of dry weight, respectively. The composition profiles of LABs were characterized, and sewage treatment levels were identified. The ratios of internal to external isomers (I/E ratios) of the linear alkylbenzenes in Muar River sediments ranged from 1.7 to 2.2, whereas those of Pulau Merambong sediments ranged from 1.6 to 1.7. The calculated LAB ratios indicated that the study areas received primary and secondary sewage effluents. The degradation of linear alkylbenzenes in Muar River ranged from 33% to 43%, and that in Pulau Merambong ranged from 33% to 34%. The higher degradation indices in Muar River are a sign of improvement in wastewater treatment.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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