Affiliations 

  • 1 Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Bauchi State University, P.M.B. 065, Gadau, Nigeria
  • 2 Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Electronic address: nurulyanirahim@usm.my
  • 3 Green Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: fsuah@usm.my
Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Dec 01;164:3965-3973.
PMID: 32910963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.029

Abstract

Chitosan-deep eutectic solvent (DES) beads were prepared from chitosan and DESs. The DESs used were choline chloride-urea (DES A) and choline chloride-glycerol (DES B). Both chitosan-DES beads were used to remove malachite green (MG) dye from an aqueous solution. The optimum pH for chitosan-DES A was recorded at pH 8.0 while optimum pH for chitosan-DES B was pH 9.0. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained for chitosan-DES A and chitosan-DES B were 6.54 mg/g and 8.64 mg/g, respectively. The optimum conditions for both chitosan-DES beads to remove MG were 0.08 g of adsorbent and 20 min of agitation time. Five kinetic models were applied to analyse the data and the results showed that the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion model fitted best with R2 > 0.999. For the adsorption capacity, results show that the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms fitted well with chitosan-DES A and chitosan-DES B, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) obtained from chitosan-DES A and chitosan-DES B were 1.43 mg/g and 17.86 mg/g, respectively. Desorption indicated good performance in practical applications.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.