Development of formaldehyde-free bio-board produced from mushroom mycelium and substrate waste

Khoo SC 1 , Peng WX 2 , Yang Y 2 , Ge SB 3 , Soon CF 4 , Ma NL 5 Show all authors , Sonne C 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 2 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
  • 3 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
  • 4 Microelectronics & Nanotechnology - Shamsudin Research Centre (MiNT-SRC), Institute for Integrated Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Malaysia
  • 5 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Anhui Juke Graphene Technology Co., Ltd. Bozhou, 233600, China. Electronic address: nyukling@umt.edu.my
  • 6 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-Added Products, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Arctic Research Center (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: cs@bios.au.dk
J Hazard Mater, 2020 12 05;400:123296.
PMID: 32947701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123296

Abstract

Synthetic adhesives in the plywood industry are usually volatile compounds such as formaldehyde-based chemical which are costly and hazardous to health and the environment. This phenomenon promotes an interest in developing bio-boards without synthetic adhesives. This study proposed a novel application of natural mycelium produced during mushroom cultivation as natural bio-adhesive material that convert spent mushroom substrate (SMS) into high-performance bio-board material. Different types of spent mushroom substrates were compressed with specific designed mould with optimal temperature at 160 °C and 10 mPa for 20 min. The bio-board made from Ganoderma lucidum SMS had the highest internal bonding strength up to 2.51 mPa. This is far above the 0.4-0.8 range of China and US national standards. In addition, the material had high water and fire resistance, high bonding and densified structures despite free of any adhesive chemicals. These properties and the low cost one step procedure show the potential as a zero-waste economy chain for sustainable agricultural practice for waste and remediation.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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