Pediatric Severe Sepsis and Shock in Three Asian Countries: A Retrospective Study of Outcomes in Nine PICUs

Samransamruajkit R 1 , Wong JJ 2 , Smathakane C 3 , Anantasit N 4 , Sunkonkit K 5 , Ong J 6 Show all authors , Lee OPE 7 , Lee PC 8 , Phumeetham S 9 , Sultana R 2 , Lapwanich U 1 , Lee JH 2 , Kongkiattikul L 1 , Pediatric Sepsis Asian Collaboration (PEDSAC) Investigators and on behalf of the Pediatric Acute and Critical Care Medicine Asian Network (PACCMAN)

Affiliations 

  • 1 Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 2 Department of Pediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
  • 3 Hat Yai Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary & Critical care, Department of Pediatrics, Songkhla Province, Thailand
  • 4 Pediatric Critical Care Division, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 5 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • 6 Pediatric Critical Care Division, Department of Pediatrics, National University, Singapore
  • 7 Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sarawak General Hospital, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 8 Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, National University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 9 Pediatric Critical Care Division, Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Pediatr Crit Care Med, 2021 08 01;22(8):713-721.
PMID: 33729727 DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002680

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Pediatric sepsis remains a major health problem and is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. This study aims to characterize epidemiologic, therapeutic, and outcome features of pediatric severe sepsis and septic shock in three Asian countries.

DESIGN: A multicenter retrospective study with longitudinal clinical data over 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours of PICU admission. The primary outcome was PICU mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors at PICU admission that were associated with mortality.

SETTING: Nine multidisciplinary PICUs in three Asian countries.

PATIENTS: Children with severe sepsis or septic shock admitted to the PICU from January to December 2017.

INTERVENTION: None.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 271 children were included in this study. Median (interquartile range) age was 4.2 years (1.3-10.8 yr). Pneumonia (77/271 [28.4%]) was the most common source of infection. Majority of patients (243/271 [90%]) were resuscitated within the first hour, with fluid bolus (199/271 [73.4%]) or vasopressors (162/271 [59.8%]). Fluid resuscitation commonly took the form of normal saline (147/199 [74.2%]) (20 mL/kg [10-20 mL/kg] over 20 min [15-30 min]). The most common inotrope used was norepinephrine 81 of 162 (50.0%). Overall PICU mortality was 52 of 271 (19.2%). Improved hemodynamic variables (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, and arterial lactate) were seen in survivors within 6 hours of admission as compared to nonsurvivors. In the multivariable model, admission severity score was associated with PICU mortality.

CONCLUSIONS: Mortality from pediatric severe sepsis and septic shock remains high in Asia. Consistent with current guidelines, most of the children admitted to these PICUs received fluid therapy and inotropic support as recommended.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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