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Sleep Quality and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mental Wellbeing Variance in Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 International Online Survey

Trabelsi K 1 , Ammar A 2 , Masmoudi L 1 , Boukhris O 1 , Chtourou H 1 , Bouaziz B 3 Show all authors , Brach M 4 , Bentlage E 4 , How D 4 , Ahmed M 4 , Mueller P 5 , Mueller N 5 , Hsouna H 1 , Elghoul Y 1 , Romdhani M 6 , Hammouda O 1 , Paineiras-Domingos LL 7 , Braakman-Jansen A 8 , Wrede C 8 , Bastoni S 8 , Pernambuco CS 9 , Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ 10 , Taheri M 11 , Irandoust K 11 , Bragazzi NL 12 , Strahler J 13 , Washif JA 14 , Andreeva A 15 , Bailey SJ 16 , Acton J 16 , Mitchell E 16 , Bott NT 17 , Gargouri F 3 , Chaari L 18 , Batatia H 18 , Khoshnami SC 19 , Samara E 20 , Zisi V 21 , Sankar P 22 , Ahmed WN 23 , Ali GM 24 , Abdelkarim O 24 , Jarraya M 1 , Abed KE 1 , Moalla W 1 , Souissi N 1 , Aloui A 6 , Souissi N 6 , Gemert-Pijnen LV 8 , Riemann BL 25 , Riemann L 26 , Delhey J 27 , Gómez-Raja J 28 , Epstein M 29 , Sanderman R 30 , Schulz S 31 , Jerg A 31 , Al-Horani R 32 , Mansi T 33 , Dergaa I 34 , Jmail M 35 , Barbosa F 36 , Ferreira-Santos F 36 , Šimunič B 37 , Pišot R 37 , Pišot S 37 , Gaggioli A 38 , Steinacker J 31 , Zmijewski P 39 , Apfelbacher C 40 , Glenn JM 41 , Khacharem A 42 , Clark CCT 43 , Saad HB 44 , Chamari K 45 , Driss T 46 , Hoekelmann A 2 , On Behalf Of The Eclb-Covid Consortium 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
  • 2 Institute of Sport Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
  • 3 Multimedia InfoRmation Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
  • 4 Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
  • 5 Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
  • 6 Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
  • 7 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil
  • 8 Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, 7522 Enschede, The Netherlands
  • 9 Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro 20261-063, Brasil
  • 10 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Management, Canadian University of Dubai, Dubai 117781, United Arab Emirates
  • 11 Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran
  • 12 Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
  • 13 Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
  • 14 Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
  • 15 Department of Sports Biomechanics, Moscow Center of Advanced Sport Technologies, 129272 Moscow, Russia
  • 16 School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK
  • 17 Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  • 18 Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT (UMR 5505), BP 7122 Toulouse, France
  • 19 UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
  • 20 Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 17674 Athens, Greece
  • 21 Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece
  • 22 Consultant in Internal Medicine and Diabetes, MGM Muthoot Hospitals Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689645, India
  • 23 Consultant Family Physician, CRAFT Hospital and Research Centre, Kodungallur, Kerala 680664, India
  • 24 Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
  • 25 Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
  • 26 PharmD, BCBS, PharmIAD, Inc., Savannah, GA 30458, USA
  • 27 Institute of Social Science, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
  • 28 FundeSalud, Department of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, 06800 Merida, Spain
  • 29 The E-Senior Association, 75020 Paris, France
  • 30 Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
  • 31 Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075 Ulm, Germany
  • 32 Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
  • 33 Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
  • 34 PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
  • 35 Digital Research Centre of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
  • 36 Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
  • 37 Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
  • 38 Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart I UNICATT, 20123 Milano, Italy
  • 39 Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland
  • 40 Institute for Social Medicine and Health Economy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
  • 41 Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
  • 42 UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes, LIRTES-EA 7313, Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, 94000 Creteil, France
  • 43 Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
  • 44 Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche "Insuffisance Cardiaque", Université de Sousse, Sousse LR12SP09, Tunisie
  • 45 ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha 29222, Qatar
  • 46 Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 Apr 19;18(8).
PMID: 33921852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084329

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 lockdown could engender disruption to lifestyle behaviors, thus impairing mental wellbeing in the general population. This study investigated whether sociodemographic variables, changes in physical activity, and sleep quality from pre- to during lockdown were predictors of change in mental wellbeing in quarantined older adults.

METHODS: A 12-week international online survey was launched in 14 languages on 6 April 2020. Forty-one research institutions from Europe, Western-Asia, North-Africa, and the Americas, promoted the survey. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses "pre" and "during" the lockdown period. Participants responded to the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

RESULTS: Replies from older adults (aged >55 years, n = 517), mainly from Europe (50.1%), Western-Asia (6.8%), America (30%), and North-Africa (9.3%) were analyzed. The COVID-19 lockdown led to significantly decreased mental wellbeing, sleep quality, and total physical activity energy expenditure levels (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the change in total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure (F(2, 514) = 66.41 p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the decrease in mental wellbeing from pre- to during lockdown (p < 0.001, R2: 0.20).

CONCLUSION: COVID-19 lockdown deleteriously affected physical activity and sleep patterns. Furthermore, change in the total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure were significant predictors for the decrease in mental wellbeing.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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