Morphological and genetic revision of cytoform 'L' of the Simulium (Simulium) tani complex from Taiwan, and cytoform 'D' of the S. (S.) suzukii complex (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the Nansei Islands, Japan

Takaoka H 1 , Otsuka Y 2 , Low VL 3 , Adler PH 4 , Fukuda M 5 , Huang YT 6 Show all authors , Ya'cob Z 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 Higher Institution of Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kula Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 2 Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-8580 Japan
  • 3 Higher Institution of Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kula Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: vanlun_low@um.edu.my
  • 4 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0310 USA
  • 5 Institute for Research Promotion, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama, Yufu City, Oita 879-5593, Japan
  • 6 R & D Center Composites Department, Nan Ya Plastics Corporation, Nan Lin Road, Tai Shan District, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
Acta Trop, 2021 Dec;224:106124.
PMID: 34508715 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106124

Abstract

The species status of two cytoforms of two species complexes in the Simulium (Simulium) tuberosum species-group, which are almost indistinguishable in the pupal stage, was morphologically and genetically evaluated. Cytoform 'L' of the S. (S.) tani Takaoka & Davies complex, previously recognized as S. (S.) suzukii Rubtsov in Taiwan, is described as a new species, S. (S.) jianshiense. It is morphologically distinguishable as adults from two members of the S. (S.) suzukii complex: cytoform 'C' from Hokkaido, selected to represent the type of S. (S.) suzukii sensu stricto, and cytoform 'D' from Okinawa Island and, based on our chromosomal analysis, also from Amami Island. This new species is genetically separated from both cytoforms of the S. (S.) suzukii complex with a genetic distance of 5.31-6.67%. Cytoform 'D' is distinguished from cytoform 'C' by the color of the male forecoxa and relative length of the female sensory vesicle to the third maxillary palpomere. Accordingly, the name S. (S.) ryukyuense Ogata, once regarded as a synonym of S. (S.) suzukii, is revalidated and applied to cytoform 'D'. The genetic distance between S. (S.) ryukyuense and S. (S.) suzukii sensu stricto is 1.24-1.60%.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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