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Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 24 in total

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Detection of pericardial effusion by echocardiography

Singham KT, Anuar M, Ariffin M

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Jun;32(4):292-3.
PMID: 732624
Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis: an echocardiographic study

Singham KT, Ariffin M

Med J Aust, 1979 Oct 20;2(8):428-9.
PMID: 318487
The significance of atrial fibrillation in rheumatic mitral stenosis: an echocardiographic study

Singham KT, Ariffin M

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):136-9.
PMID: 548714
Fulltext Prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies in blood donors in Malaysia

Duraisamy G, Zuridah H, Ariffin MY

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Sep;48(3):313-6.
PMID: 7514258

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the chief aetiologic agent for the parenterally transmitted Non-A, Non-B (NANB) hepatitis. This preliminary study was done to determine the prevalence of anti-HCV in the blood donor population. Blood from 3,540 donors who donated blood to the Blood Services Centre, Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, from 25th August 1991 to 13th January 1992, was tested for anti-HCV using both the Ortho and Abbott 2nd Generation ELISA test kits. ELISA positive specimens were repeated twice but no confirmatory test was done. There were 53 out of 3,540 (1.49%) blood donors who were repeatedly reactive to anti-HCV by ELISA. We plan to do further tests to confirm the results, using RIBA-2 or Abbott Neutralising test. Twenty eight out of 1,713 (1.63%) Malays, 22 out of 1,373 (1.60%) Chinese and 2 out of 393 (0.50%) Indians had antibodies to HCV. There was no significant difference in prevalence in the different age groups. The majority of donors tested were males (3,511 out of 3,540) of which 53 (1.50%) were anti-HCV positive. Only 29 females were tested and all were negative. To determine infectivity of the anti-HCV positive cases we would like to introduce testing for RNA by polymerate chain reaction (PCR). Screening all donated blood for anti-HCV will decrease, but not totally eliminate, post-transfusion hepatitis.
Fulltext Retained intraspinal bullet: a rare case in a visitor to malaysia - a case report

Ariffin M, Noreen F, Nor Hamdan Y, Shaharuddin AR, Azmi B

Malays Orthop J, 2012 Nov;6(3):45-7.
PMID: 25279057 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1207.005

Firearm injuries to the spine commonly present with acute neurology caused by direct penetration or indirectly from concussive effects of bullet impact on the vertebral column. We report a case of delayed neurologic presentation of retained intra-spinal bullet in a 42 year-old African who had chronic low back pain and sciatica with a past history of gunshot injury to the spine and radiograph revealed a bullet at the L4-5 disc level. Intra-operative exploration showed a fibrous mass around the bullet compressing on the L4 existing nerve root and L5 traversing nerve root. Removal of the retained bullet resulted in a good clinical outcome with complete resolution of symptoms.
Fulltext Trapezius Rotational Flap for Cervico-thoracic Wound Breakdown in Post-radiotherapy Necrosis : A Case Report

Ariffin M, Lloyd S, Rhani S, Kamalnizat, Baharudin A

Malays Orthop J, 2014 Jul;8(2):40-2.
PMID: 25279091 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1407.001

The management of post-radiation wound breakdown over the posterior cervico thoracic region can be a challenging task for a surgeon. The aim of the treatment is to produce a well vascularized and a low tensile flap which will close a large defect. We describe the use of the lower trapezius flap to reconstruct the wound breakdown and to obtain stable tissue coverage in a patient with postradiation necrosis. This flap minimizes the disruption of the scapula-thoracic function while preserving the range of movement over the shoulder. From the literature review, it was noted that the dorsal scapular artery (DSA) and transverse cervical artery (TCA) aid in the blood supply to the trapezius muscle and prevent local necrosis during rotation of the flap. The trapezius flap is widely accepted because of the minor donor site morbidity, large arc of rotation and adequate blood supply.
Severe Cervicothoracic Kyphoscoliosis in Neurofibromatosis - A Failure Of Posterior-Only Instrumentation: A Case Report

Soh E, Muhamad-Ariffin MH, Baharudin A

Malays Orthop J, 2020 Mar;14(1):88-91.
PMID: 32296489 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2003.015

Treatment of severe spinal deformities associated with neurofibromatosis has proven to be challenging. An 11-year-old girl, with neurofibromatosis and severe cervicothoracic kyphoscoliosis, was initially treated with posterior instrumentation and fusion. Implant failure developed within a year, requiring an anterior stabilisation and fusion with a non-vascularised fibular strut graft for better stability and increased likelihood of achieving union. The posterior instrumentation was removed due to its prominence and wound breakdown. Following the removal of the posterior implant, the fibular graft fractured. The patient was maintained on a cervical collar until union was achieved. Posterior spinal fusion alone in severe spinal deformities in neurofibromatosis has a high risk of failure. A combined anterior and posterior fusion may increase the chance of success, with better stability and union rate.
Fulltext Trapezius rotational flap for cervico-thoracic wound breakdown in post-radiotherapy necrosis: a case report

Ariffin, M. H., Selvyn Lloyd, Rhani, S. A., Kamalnizat, Baharudin, A.

Malays Orthop J, 2014;8(2):40-42.
MyJurnal

The management of post-radiation wound breakdown over the posterior cervico thoracic region can be a challenging task for a surgeon. The aim of the treatment is to produce a well vascularized and a low tensile flap which will close a large defect. We describe the use of the lower trapezius flap to reconstruct the wound breakdown and to obtain stable tissue coverage in a patient with post- radiation necrosis. This flap minimizes the disruption of the scapula-thoracic function while preserving the range of movement over the shoulder. From the literature review, it was noted that the dorsal scapular artery (DSA) and transverse cervical artery (TCA) aid in the blood supply to the trapezius muscle and prevent local necrosis during rotation of the flap. The trapezius flap is widely accepted because of the minor donor site morbidity, large arc of rotation and adequate blood supply.
Fulltext Compression Behaviour of Bio-Inspired Honeycomb Reinforced Starfish Shape Structures Using 3D Printing Technology

Saufi SASA, Zuhri MYM, Dezaki ML, Sapuan SM, Ilyas RA, As'arry A, et al.

Polymers (Basel), 2021 Dec 14;13(24).
PMID: 34960939 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244388

The bio-inspired structure (e.g., honeycomb) has been studied for its ability to absorb energy and its high strength. The cell size and wall thickness are the main elements that alter the structural ability to withstand load and pressure. Moreover, adding a secondary structure can increase the compressive strength and energy absorption (EA) capability. In this study, the bio-inspired structures are fabricated by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology using polylactic acid (PLA) material. Samples are printed in the shape of a honeycomb structure, and a starfish shape is used as its reinforcement. Hence, this study focuses on the compression strength and EA of different cell sizes of 20 and 30 mm with different wall thicknesses ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. Subsequently, the deformation and failure of the structures are determined under the compression loading. It is found that the smaller cell size with smaller wall thickness offered a crush efficiency of 69% as compared to their larger cell size with thicker wall thickness counterparts. It is observed that for a 20 mm cell size, the EA and maximum peak load increase, respectively, when the wall thickness increases. It can be concluded that the compression strength and EA capability increase gradually as the cell size and wall thickness increase.
Fulltext Spinal cord injury - assessing tolerability and use of combined rehabilitation and NeuroAiD (SATURN) study - primary results of an exploratory study

Kumar R, Htwe O, Baharudin A, Rhani SA, Ibrahim K, Nanra JS, et al.

J Spinal Cord Med, 2023 Jul;46(4):682-686.
PMID: 35604343 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2067972

OBJECTIVE: MLC601/MLC901 has demonstrated neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties that enhance neurological recovery in stroke and traumatic brain injury. We aimed to evaluate its safety and potential efficacy in patients with severe spinal cord injury.
METHODS: Patients with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) A and B were included in an open-label cohort study. Each received a course of MLC601/MLC901 for 6 months in addition to standard care and rehabilitation. Key endpoints were safety, AIS grade and motor scores at month 6 (M6).
RESULTS: Among 30 patients included (mean age 42.2 ± 17.6 years, 24 men), 20 patients had AIS A while 10 patients had AIS B at baseline. Ten patients experienced 14 adverse events including one serious adverse event and six deaths, none were considered treatment-related. AIS improved in 25% of AIS A and 50% of AIS B. Improvement in ASIA motor score was seen most with cervical injury (median change from baseline 26.5, IQR: 6-55). These findings appear to be better than reported rates of spontaneous recovery for SCI AIS A and B.
CONCLUSION: MLC601/MLC901 is safe and may have a role in the treatment of patients with SCI. A controlled trial is justified.
Fulltext Osteoradionecrosis in Subaxial Cervical Spine - a Rare and Devastating Complication: A Case Report

Rashid MZ, Ariffin MH, Rhani SA, Baharudin A, Ibrahim K

Malays Orthop J, 2017 Nov;11(3):53-55.
PMID: 29326769 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1711.005

Osteoradionecrosis, a rare complication of radiation therapy, is a slow progression disease which affects the surrounding structures of spinal components. It essentially weakens the soft tissue and bony configuration and can cause nerve impingement or cord compression. We describe a patient who underwent radiotherapy for thyroid cancer and presented with cervical kyphosis with anterolisthesis of C3/C4 and C4/C5 some 32 years later. We explore the role of anterior and posterior fusion, as well as hyperbaric oxygen therapy in promoting healing.
Fulltext Transtubular Transoral Surgery for Excision of a Dystrophic Os Odontoideum: A Case Report

Ariffin MH, Ashfaq MM, Kang E

Malays Orthop J, 2016 Mar;10(1):50-52.
PMID: 28435547 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1603.009

Transoral approach to the cervico-medullary junction is a well-established procedure. However oropharyngeal complications in the form of soft tissue morbidity postoperatively do occur. We report a case of a teenage boy with traumatic quadriparesis secondary to compression of the cervico-medullary junction by an os odontoideum. Decompression was done via transoral approach through a tubular retractor system, hence obviating the need for the splitting or separate retraction of the soft palate and minimised the damage and violation of surrounding soft tissues. His neurological status improved and he was able to ambulate with support on fourth post-operative day with no soft tissue morbidity in the oral cavity. To our knowledge this is the first case reported using this technique. We conclude that adoption of this method would improve the traditional transoral approach and reduce the oropharyngeal complications.
Fulltext Experimental and numerical evaluations of composite concrete-to-concrete interfacial shear strength under horizontal and normal stresses

Al-Fasih MY, Mohamad ME, Ibrahim IS, Ahmad Y, Ariffin MAM, Sarbini NN, et al.

PLoS One, 2021;16(5):e0252050.
PMID: 34015027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252050

Effects of different surface textures on the interface shear strength, interface slip, and failure modes of the concrete-to-concrete bond are examined through finite element numerical model and experimental methods in the presence of the horizontal load with 'push-off' technique under different normal stresses. Three different surface textures are considered; smooth, indented, and transversely roughened to finish the top surfaces of the concrete bases. In the three-dimensional modeling via the ABAQUS solver, the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) is used to simulate the interface shear failure. It is observed that the interface shear strength increases with the applied normal stress. The transversely roughened surface achieves the highest interface shear strength compared with those finished with the indented and smooth approaches. The smooth and indented surfaces are controlled by the adhesive failure mode while the transversely roughened surface is dominated by the cohesive failure mode. Also, it is observed that the CZM approach can accurately model the interface shear failure with 3-29% differences between the modeled and the experimental test findings.
Fulltext Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia

Rohani A, Fakhriy HA, Suzilah I, Zurainee MN, Najdah WMAW, Ariffin MM, et al.

PLoS One, 2020;15(5):e0230860.
PMID: 32413033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230860

Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS is deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule, targeting mosquitoes that rest and feed indoor. In Sabah, the primary vector for knowlesi malaria is An. balabacensis a species known to bite outdoor. This study evaluates an alternative method, the Outdoor Residual Spray (ORS) using a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) to examine it suitability to control knowlesi malaria vector in Sabah, compared to the current method. The study was performed at seven villages in Sabah having similar type of houses (wood, bamboo and concrete). Houses were sprayed with deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at two different dosages, 25 mg/m2 and 30 mg/m2 and deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m2, sprayed indoor and outdoor. Residual activity on different walls was assessed using standard cone bioassay techniques. For larval surveillances, potential breeding sites were surveyed. Larvae were collected and identified, pre and post spraying. Adult survey was done using Human Landing Catch (HLC) performed outdoor and indoor. Detection of malaria parasite in adults was conducted via microscopy and molecular methods. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) showed higher efficacy when sprayed outdoor. The efficacy was found varied when sprayed on different types of wall surfaces. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at 25 mg/m2 was the most effective with regards to ability to high mortality and effective knock down (KD). The vector population was reduced significantly post-spraying and reduction in breeding sites as well. The number of simian malaria infected vector, human and simian malaria transmission were also greatly reduced.
A green solvent holder in electro-mediated microextraction for the extraction of phenols in water

Chong YT, Mohd Ariffin M, Mohd Tahir N, Loh SH

Talanta, 2018 Jan 01;176:558-564.
PMID: 28917790 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.068

Electro-mediated microextraction (EMM) combined with micro-high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection was successfully developed for the determination of selected phenols, namely 4-chlorophenol (4CP), 2-nitrophenol (2NP) and 2,4-dichlorophenols (2,4 DCP) in water. A solvent-impregnated agarose gel disc was utilized as a solvent holder in this study. Under optimum extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity in the range of 0.1-250µgL-1, 0.3-250µgL-1and 0.2-500µgL-1for 4CP, 2NP and 2,4 DCP, respectively with correlation coefficients of ≥ 0.9975, ultra-trace LODs (0.03-0.1µgL-1) and satisfactory relative recovery average (85.0-114.1%) for the analysis of selected phenols. The proposed method was rapid and eco-friendly as the solvent holder was constructed using minute amounts of extraction solvent immobilized within the biodegradable agarose gel disc. A comparative microextraction technique termed solvent-impregnated agarose gel liquid phase microextraction (AG-LPME) was re-optimized and validated for the extraction of phenols in water. The method offered good linearity, ultra-trace LODs ranging 0.1-0.5µgL-1and satisfactory average of relative recovery (86.1-114.1%). The EMM was superior in terms of sensitivity and time-effectiveness compared to AG-LPME. Both techniques combine extraction and pre-concentration in mini-scaled approaches using an eco-friendly solvent holder that fulfil the green chemistry concept.
Complexity in congestive heart failure: A time-frequency approach

Banerjee S, Palit SK, Mukherjee S, Ariffin M, Rondoni L

Chaos, 2016 Mar;26(3):033105.
PMID: 27036183 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941374

Reconstruction of phase space is an effective method to quantify the dynamics of a signal or a time series. Various phase space reconstruction techniques have been investigated. However, there are some issues on the optimal reconstructions and the best possible choice of the reconstruction parameters. This research introduces the idea of gradient cross recurrence (GCR) and mean gradient cross recurrence density which shows that reconstructions in time frequency domain preserve more information about the dynamics than the optimal reconstructions in time domain. This analysis is further extended to ECG signals of normal and congestive heart failure patients. By using another newly introduced measure-gradient cross recurrence period density entropy, two classes of aforesaid ECG signals can be classified with a proper threshold. This analysis can be applied to quantifying and distinguishing biomedical and other nonlinear signals.
Can hyperchaotic maps with high complexity produce multistability?

Natiq H, Banerjee S, Ariffin MRK, Said MRM

Chaos, 2019 Jan;29(1):011103.
PMID: 30709147 DOI: 10.1063/1.5079886

In this paper, we investigate the dynamical behavior in an M-dimensional nonlinear hyperchaotic model (M-NHM), where the occurrence of multistability can be observed. Four types of coexisting attractors including single limit cycle, cluster of limit cycles, single hyperchaotic attractor, and cluster of hyperchaotic attractors can be found, which are unusual behaviors in discrete chaotic systems. Furthermore, the coexistence of asymmetric and symmetric properties can be distinguished for a given set of parameters. In the endeavor of chaotification, this work introduces a simple controller on the M-NHM, which can add one more loop in each iteration, to overcome the chaos degradation in the multistability regions.
Flow injection potentiometric determination of paraquat in formulations and biological samples

Saad B, Ariffin M, Saleh MI

Talanta, 1998 Dec;47(5):1231-6.
PMID: 18967428

A flow injection potentiometric method for the rapid determination of paraquat in herbicide formulations and biological samples is described. It is based on the utilization of a flow-through potentiometric detector containing polyvinyl chloride-immobilised octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a lipophilic plasticizer (tetra-n-undecyl 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylate) and membrane additive potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate. The detector was minimally interfered by the presence of constituents such as Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), glucose, urea, lactic and citric acids at physiological levels, respectively. Good correlation between results of the proposed method and HPLC for the formulation samples was found, while results for the determination of paraquat in biological samples such as urine, vomitus and stomach washout was less satisfactory.
Fulltext Transtubular Transoral Approach for Irreducible Ventral Craniovertebral Junction Compressive Pathologies: Surgical Technique and Outcome

Ariffin MH, Mohd-Mahdi SN, Baharudin A, M Tamil A, Abdul-Rhani S, Ibrahim K, et al.

Malays Orthop J, 2023 Jul;17(2):35-42.
PMID: 37583520 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2307.006

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the use of a tubular retractor to provide access to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) sparing the soft palate with the aim of reducing complications associated with traditional transoral approach but yet allowing adequate decompression of the CVJ.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve consecutive patients with severe myelopathy (JOA-score less than 11) from ventral CVJ compression were operated between 2014-2020 using a tubular retractor assisted transoral decompression.
RESULTS: All patients improved neurologically statistically (p=0.02). There were no posterior pharynx wound infections or rhinolalia. There was one case with incomplete removal of the lateral wall of odontoid and one incidental durotomy.
CONCLUSIONS: A Tubular retractor provides adequate access for decompression of the ventral compression of CVJ. As the tubular retractor pushed away the uvula, soft palate and pillars of the tonsils as it docked on the posterior pharyngeal wall, the traditional complications associated with traditional transoral procedures is completely avoided.
Fulltext Systematical study of multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids based disposed transformer oil

Suhaimi NS, Md Din MF, Ishak MT, Abdul Rahman AR, Mohd Ariffin M, Hashim N', et al.

Sci Rep, 2020 Dec 02;10(1):20984.
PMID: 33268816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77810-8

In this paper, the electrical, dielectric, Raman and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) structure behavior of disposed transformer oil in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were systematically tested to verify their versatility for preparing better alternative transformer oil in future. MWCNT nanofluids are prepared using a two-step method with concentrations ranging from 0.00 to 0.02 g/L. The test results reveal that 0.005 g/L concentration possesses the most optimum performance based on the electrical (AC breakdown and lightning impulse) and dielectric (permittivity, dissipation factor and resistivity) behavior. According to the trend of AC breakdown strength and lightning impulse pattern, there were 212.58% and 40.01% enhancement indicated for 0.005 g/L concentration compared to the disposed transformer oil. The presence of MWCNT also yielding to the decrement of dissipation factor, increased on permittivity and resistivity behavior of disposed transformer oil which reflected to the performance of electrical properties. Furthermore, it is found that these features correlated to the structural properties as systematically verify by Raman and SAXS analysis study.

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