MyMedR

Utilization of greenhouse gases through dry reforming: screening of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts and kinetic studies

Fan MS, Abdullah AZ, Bhatia S

ChemSusChem, 2011 Nov 18;4(11):1643-53.

PMID: 22191096

A series of bimetallic catalysts containing nickel supported over MgO-ZrO2 were tested for activity in the dry reforming of carbon dioxide. A nickel-cobalt bimetallic catalyst gave the best performance in terms of conversion and coke resistance from a range of Ni-X bimetallic catalysts, X=Ca, K, Ba, La, and Ce. The nitrogen-adsorption and hydrogen-chemisorption studies showed the Ni-Co bimetallic supported catalyst to have good surface area with high metal dispersion. This contributed to the high catalytic activity, in terms of conversion activity and stability of the catalyst, at an equimolar methane/carbon dioxide feed ratio. The kinetics of methane dry reforming are studied in a fixed-bed reactor over an Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst in the temperature range 700-800 °C by varying the partial pressures of CH4 and CO2. The experimental data were analyzed based on the proposed reaction mechanism using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. The activation energies for methane and carbon dioxide consumption were estimated at 52.9 and 48.1 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The lower value of CO2 activation energy compared to the activation energy of CH4 indicated a higher reaction rate of CO2, which owes to the strong basicity of nanocrystalline support, MgO-ZrO2.

Tips for odontogenic infections

Bhatia S, Kohli S

Br Dent J, 2020 12;229(12):760-761.

PMID: 33339909 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2516-4

The feasibility study of crude palm oil transesterification at 30 °C operation

Sim JH, Kamaruddin AH, Bhatia S

Bioresour Technol, 2010 Dec;101(23):8948-54.

PMID: 20675129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.039

The objective of this research is to investigate the potential of transesterification of crude palm oil (CPO) to biodiesel at 30 degrees C. The mass transfer limitations problem crucial at 30 degrees C due to the viscosity of CPO has been addressed. The process parameters that are closely related to mass transfer effects like enzyme loading, agitation speed and reaction time were optimized. An optimum methanol to oil substrate molar ratio at 6.5:1 was observed and maintained throughout the experiments. The optimum operating condition for the transesterification process was found at 6.67 wt% of enzyme loading and at 150 rpm of agitation speed. The corresponding initial reaction and FAME yield obtained at 6 h were 89.29% FAME yield/hr and 85.01%, respectively. The 85% FAME yield obtained at 30 degrees C operation of CPO transesterification shows that the process is potentially feasible for the biodiesel synthesis.

Fulltext The Need for Dental Digital Photography Education

Kohli S, Bhatia S

Aust Dent J, 2016 Mar;61(1):125.

PMID: 29896871 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12405

Tattoo in the Oral Cavity

Bhatia S, Kohli S, Selvadurai SS

Am J Med, 2021 06;134(6):e390-e391.

PMID: 33359776 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.11.016

Fulltext Targeting natural products against SARS-CoV-2

Al-Harrasi A, Behl T, Upadhyay T, Chigurupati S, Bhatt S, Sehgal A, et al.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Jun;29(28):42404-42432.

PMID: 35362883 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19770-2

The human coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a novel coronavirus; the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Natural products, secondary metabolites show positive leads with antiviral and immunotherapy treatments using genomic studies in silico docking. In addition, it includes the action of a mechanism targeting the SARS-CoV-2. In this literature, we aimed to evaluate the antiviral movement of the NT-VRL-1 unique terpene definition to Human coronavirus (HCoV-229E). The effects of 19 hydrolysable tannins on the SARS-CoV-2 were therefore theoretically reviewed and analyzed utilising the molecular operating surroundings for their C-Like protease 3CLpro catalytic dyad residues Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (MOE 09). Pedunculagin, tercatan, and castalin were detected as interacting strongly with SARS-receptor Cov-2's binding site and catalytic dyad (Cys145 and His41). SARS-CoV-2 methods of subunit S1 (ACE2) inhibit the interaction of the receiver with the s-protein once a drug molecule is coupled to the s-protein and prevent it from infecting the target cells in alkaloids. Our review strongly demonstrates the evidence that natural compounds and their derivatives can be used against the human coronavirus and serves as an area of research for future perspective.

Supercritical fluid reactive extraction of Jatropha curcas L. seeds with methanol: A novel biodiesel production method

Lim S, Hoong SS, Teong LK, Bhatia S

Bioresour Technol, 2010 Sep;101(18):7180-3.

PMID: 20395131 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.134

The novel biodiesel production technology using supercritical reactive extraction from Jatropha curcas L. oil seeds in this study has a promising role to fill as a more cost-effective processing technology. Compared to traditional biodiesel production method, supercritical reactive extraction can successfully carry out the extraction of oil and subsequent esterification/transesterification process to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) simultaneously in a relatively short total operating time (45-80 min). Particle size of the seeds (0.5-2.0 mm) and reaction temperature/pressure (200-300 degrees C) are two primary factors being investigated. With 300 degrees C reaction temperature, 240 MPa operating pressure, 10.0 ml/g methanol to solid ratio and 2.5 ml/g of n-hexane to seed ratio, optimum oil extraction efficiency and FAME yield can reach up to 105.3% v/v and 103.5% w/w, respectively which exceeded theoretical yield calculated based on n-hexane Soxhlet extraction of Jatropha oil seeds.

Subcritical water liquefaction of oil palm fruit press fiber in the presence of sodium hydroxide: an optimisation study using response surface methodology

Mazaheri H, Lee KT, Bhatia S, Mohamed AR

Bioresour Technol, 2010 Dec;101(23):9335-41.

PMID: 20656481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.004

Thermal decomposition of oil palm fruit press fiber (FPF) into a liquid product (LP) was achieved using subcritical water treatment in the presence of sodium hydroxide in a high pressure batch reactor. This study uses experimental design and process optimisation tools to maximise the LP yield using response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The independent variables were temperature, residence time, particle size, specimen loading, and additive loading. The mathematical model that was developed fit the experimental results well for all of the response variables that were studied. The optimal conditions were found to be a temperature of 551 K, a residence time of 40 min, a particle size of 710-1000 microm, a specimen loading of 5 g, and a additive loading of 9 wt.% to achieve a LP yield of 76.16%.

Subcritical water liquefaction of oil palm fruit press fiber for the production of bio-oil: effect of catalysts

Mazaheri H, Lee KT, Bhatia S, Mohamed AR

Bioresour Technol, 2010 Jan;101(2):745-51.

PMID: 19740652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.042

Decomposition of oil palm fruit press fiber (FPF) to various liquid products in subcritical water was investigated using a high-pressure autoclave reactor with and without the presence of catalyst. When the reaction was carried in the absence of catalyst, the conversion of solid to liquid products increased from 54.9% at 483 K to 75.8% at 603 K. Simultaneously, the liquid yield increased from 28.8% to 39.1%. The liquid products were sub-categorized to bio-oil (benzene soluble, diethylether soluble, acetone soluble) and water soluble. When 10% ZnCl(2) was added, the conversion increased slightly but gaseous products increased significantly. However, when 10% Na(2)CO(3) and 10% NaOH were added independently, the solid conversion increased to almost 90%. In the presence of catalyst, the liquid products were mainly bio-oil compounds. Although solid conversion increased at higher reaction temperature, but the liquid yield did not increase at higher temperature.

Sub/supercritical liquefaction of oil palm fruit press fiber for the production of bio-oil: effect of solvents

Mazaheri H, Lee KT, Bhatia S, Mohamed AR

Bioresour Technol, 2010 Oct;101(19):7641-7.

PMID: 20510608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.072

Thermal decomposition of oil palm fruit press fiber (FPF) with sub/supercritical methanol, ethanol, acetone, and 1,4-dioxane treatments were investigated using a high-pressure autoclave reactor. When FPF was decomposed with methanol, ethanol, and acetone from 483 to 603 K, the highest degree of conversion obtained were 81.5%, 77.8%, and 67.9% while the highest liquid product yield (LP) obtained were 38.0%, 36.9%, and 38.5%, respectively. For the case of 1,4-dioxane, the conversion of FPF increased from 18.30% to 80.00%, while LP yield increased dramatically from 13.30% to 50.90% (consisting of 42.3% bio-oil compounds) when the reaction temperature was increased from 483 to 563 K. However, the conversion of FPF and LP yield decreased to 69.60% and 24.10%, respectively, when the temperature was further increased to 603 K. Comparison between all the solvents, subcritical 1,4-dioxane treatment was found very effective in the degradation of FPF to produce bio-oil component.

Selection of best impregnated palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx

Sumathi S, Bhatia S, Lee KT, Mohamed AR

J Hazard Mater, 2010 Apr 15;176(1-3):1093-6.

PMID: 20018447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.037

This work examines the impregnated carbon-based sorbents for simultaneous removal of SO(2) and NOx from simulated flue gas. The carbon-based sorbents were prepared using palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) impregnated with several metal oxides (Ni, V, Fe and Ce). The removal of SO(2) and NOx from the simulated flue gas was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor. The results showed that PSAC impregnated with CeO(2) (PSAC-Ce) reported the highest sorption capacity among other impregnated metal oxides for the simultaneous removal of SO(2) and NOx. PSAC-Ce showed the longest breakthrough time of 165 and 115 min for SO(2) and NOx, respectively. The properties of the pure and impregnated PSAC were analyzed by BET, FTIR and XRF. The physical-chemical features of the PSAC-Ce sorbent indicated a catalytic activity in both the sorption of SO(2) and NOx. The formation of both sulfate (SO(4)(2-)) and nitrate (NO(3-)) species on spent PSAC-Ce further prove the catalytic role played by CeO(2).

Fulltext Root canal morphology of permanent teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography

Pan JYY, Parolia A, Chuah SR, Bhatia S, Mutalik S, Pau A

BMC Oral Health, 2019 01 14;19(1):14.

PMID: 30642318 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0710-z

BACKGROUND: To determine the root canal morphology of human permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

METHODS: A total of 208 CBCT images were examined retrospectively. Prevalence of an extra root/canal and internal morphology based on Vertucci's classification were observed in human maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth. Variations in the external and internal morphology were compared in relation to gender and tooth side (left vs right) using Pearson Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests with significance level set at p

Reply to Javed et al, 'Comments on Pulpal and Periapical Status of the Vital Teeth Used as Abutment for Fixed Prosthesis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis'

Kohli S, Bhatia S, Al-Haddad A, Pulikkotil SJ, Jamayet NB

J Prosthodont, 2022 02;31(2):94-95.

PMID: 34967986 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13465

Pulpal and Periapical Status of the Vital Teeth Used as Abutment for Fixed Prosthesis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kohli S, Bhatia S, Al-Haddad A, Pulikkotil SJ, Jamayet NB

J Prosthodont, 2022 Feb;31(2):102-114.

PMID: 34516686 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13433

PURPOSE: This is a systematic review to identify the incidence of pulp necrosis and/or periapical changes among vital teeth which are used as an abutment for crown and fixed partial dentures (FPDs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two reviewers independently searched two electronic databases, PubMed and Scopus. The search was complemented from references of included studies and published reviews. Studies published in the English language through January 2021 that had assessed and documented the clinical and radiographic failure of crown or FPD in vital permanent teeth due to pulpal or periapical pathology with a follow-up of at least 12 months were selected. Data screening, data collection and extraction of data was performed. Quality of studies involved was analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies. Meta-analysis was done using random effects model. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots.

RESULTS: Electronic searches provided 10,075 records among which 20 studies were selected for systematic review and 7 studies were selected for meta-analysis. With respect to quality assessment, all the studies involved were considered as high quality as the score in scale ranged between 6 and 9 as per the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies. The meta-analyses showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of the loss of pulp vitality or pulp necrosis through clinical and radiographic examination with the follow up period of 5 years: p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00, I2 = 77.84%; 10 years: p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.88-0.95, I2 = 93.59%; 15 years: p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96, I2 = 94.83%; and 20 years: p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.94-0.96, I2 = 95.01%.

CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis revealed clinical and radiographic success rate ranging between 92% to 98% at different follow up periods ranging between 5 years and 20 years. Future high-quality randomized clinical controlled trials with a larger population are required to confirm the evidence as only observational studies were considered in this paper.

Production of biofuel from waste cooking palm oil using nanocrystalline zeolite as catalyst: process optimization studies

Taufiqurrahmi N, Mohamed AR, Bhatia S

Bioresour Technol, 2011 Nov;102(22):10686-94.

PMID: 21924606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.08.068

The catalytic cracking of waste cooking palm oil to biofuel was studied over different types of nano-crystalline zeolite catalysts in a fixed bed reactor. The effect of reaction temperature (400-500 °C), catalyst-to-oil ratio (6-14) and catalyst pore size of different nanocrystalline zeolites (0.54-0.80 nm) were studied over the conversion of waste cooking palm oil, yields of Organic Liquid Product (OLP) and gasoline fraction in the OLP following central composite design (CCD). The response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum value of the operating variables for maximum conversion as well as maximum yield of OLP and gasoline fraction, respectively. The optimum reaction temperature of 458 °C with oil/catalyst ratio=6 over the nanocrystalline zeolite Y with pore size of 0.67 nm gave 86.4 wt% oil conversion, 46.5 wt% OLP yield and 33.5 wt% gasoline fraction yield, respectively. The experimental results were in agreement with the simulated values within an experimental error of less than 5%.

Process optimization studies of lead (Pb(II)) biosorption onto immobilized cells of Pycnoporus sanguineus using response surface methodology

Yus Azila Y, Mashitah MD, Bhatia S

Bioresour Technol, 2008 Dec;99(18):8549-52.

PMID: 18599293 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.056

A central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the biosorption of Pb(II) ions onto immobilized cells of Pycnoporus sanguineus. The independent variables were initial Pb(II) concentration, pH and biomass loading. The combined effects of these variables were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) using quadratic model for predicting the optimum point. Under these conditions the model predicted a maximum of 97.7% of Pb(II) ions removal at pH 4, 200mg/L of initial Pb(II) concentration with 10g/L of biosorbent. The experimental values are in good agreement with predicted values within +0.10 to +0.81% error.

Pretreatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using Moringa oleifera seeds as natural coagulant

Bhatia S, Othman Z, Ahmad AL

J Hazard Mater, 2007 Jun 25;145(1-2):120-6.

PMID: 17141409

Moringa oleifera seeds, an environmental friendly and natural coagulant are reported for the pretreatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME). In coagulation-flocculation process, the M. oleifera seeds after oil extraction (MOAE) are an effective coagulant with the removal of 95% suspended solids and 52.2% reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The combination of MOAE with flocculant (NALCO 7751), the suspended solids removal increased to 99.3% and COD reduction was 52.5%. The coagulation-flocculation process at the temperature of 30 degrees C resulted in better suspended solids removal and COD reduction compared to the temperature of 40, 55 and 70 degrees C. The MOAE combined with flocculant (NALCO 7751) reduced the sludge volume index (SVI) to 210mL/g with higher recovery of dry mass of sludge (87.25%) and water (50.3%).

Placement with modifications

Bhatia S, Kohli S

Br Dent J, 2021 07;231(1):3.

PMID: 34244624 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3237-z

Fulltext Pertinence of nutriments for a stalwart body

Kaur R, Sood A, Kanotra M, Arora S, Subramaniyan V, Bhatia S, et al.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Oct;28(39):54531-54550.

PMID: 34435290 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16060-1

Nutrition plays a significant role in the prevention and treatment of common diseases. Some superb dietary choices such as functional foods and nutriments can surely help fight against certain diseases and provide various advantages to an individual's health. Plants have been regarded as a primary source of highly effective conventional drugs leading to the development of potential novel agents, which may boost the treatment. Growing demand for functional foods acts as an aid for the producers to expand in agriculture and pave the way for innovation and research by the nutraceutical industry. The given review highlights how various functional foods such as tomatoes, chocolates, garlic and flaxseed are currently being defined, their sources, benefit in treating various ailments and the challenges with their use.

Personality traits and learning

Kohli S, Bhatia S

Br Dent J, 2021 02;230(4):186.

PMID: 33637900 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-2752-2

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 66 in total