MyMedR

A survey of amphistomes of cattle and buffaloes slaughtered at the Shah Alam abattoir, Selangor, Malaysia

Ambu S

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1978 Sep;9(3):443-4.

PMID: 749230

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Update: outbreak of Nipah virus--Malaysia and Singapore, 1999

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 1999 Apr 30;48(16):335-7.

PMID: 10366143

During March 1999, health officials in Malaysia and Singapore, in collaboration with Australian researchers and CDC, investigated reports of febrile encephalitic and respiratory illnesses among workers who had exposure to pigs. A previously unrecognized paramyxovirus (formerly known as Hendra-like virus), now called Nipah virus, was implicated by laboratory testing in many of these cases. Febrile encephalitis continues to be reported in Malaysia but has decreased coincident with mass culling of pigs in outbreak areas. No new cases of febrile illness associated with Nipah virus infection have been identified in Singapore since March 19, 1999, when abattoirs were closed. This report summarizes interim findings from ongoing epidemiologic and laboratory investigations in Malaysia and Singapore.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak of Hendra-like virus--Malaysia and Singapore, 1998-1999

JAMA, 1999 May 19;281(19):1787-8.

PMID: 10340348

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Outbreak of Hendra-like virus--Malaysia and Singapore, 1998-1999

Can. Commun. Dis. Rep., 1999 Jun 15;25(12):108-12.

PMID: 10390905

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Update on the new virus in Malaysia

Caplan CE

CMAJ, 1999 Jun 15;160(12):1697.

PMID: 10410627

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Trailing a virus

Gibbs WW

Sci. Am., 1999 Aug;281(2):80-7.

PMID: 10443039

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and tonic immobility reactions to preslaughter handling in broiler chickens treated with ascorbic acid

Zulkifli I, Che Norma MT, Chong CH, Loh TC

Poult Sci, 2000 Mar;79(3):402-6.

PMID: 10735209

Stress and fear responses were evaluated in broiler chicks that were pretreated for 24 h with 0 ppm (control) or 1,200 ppm of L-ascorbic acid (AA) in their drinking water. The birds were subsequently subjected to either upright handling (UH) or inverted (IH) handling for about 45 s. Heterophil (H) counts, lymphocyte (L) counts, and H/L ratios (H/L) ratios were determined immediately (T0) and at 20 h (T20) following the handling treatment. The H/L ratios were similar for both groups at T0, whereas 20 h after the handling treatment, AA-supplemented birds had lower ratios than controls, resulting in a significant water treatment x time of blood sampling interaction. Inverted handling had negligible effect on H/L ratios but augmented tonic immobility (TI) durations as compared with UH. Irrespective of handling procedure, supplemental AA reduced underlying fearfulness, as measured by TI reaction. Neither water treatment nor handling method had significant effect on number of attempts to induce TI.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Nipah viral encephalitis or Japanese encephalitis? MR findings in a new zoonotic disease

Lim CC, Sitoh YY, Hui F, Lee KE, Ang BS, Lim E, et al.

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2000 Mar;21(3):455-61.

PMID: 10730635

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An epidemic of suspected Japanese encephalitis occurred in Malaysia in 1998-1999 among pig farmers. In neighboring Singapore, an outbreak occurred among pig slaughterhouse workers. It was subsequently established that the causative agent in the outbreak was not the Japanese encephalitis virus but a previously unknown Hendra-like paramyxovirus named Nipah virus.

METHODS: The brain MR images of eight patients with Nipah virus infection were reviewed. All patients tested negative for acute Japanese encephalitis virus. Seven patients had contrast-enhanced studies and six had diffusion-weighted examinations.

RESULTS: All patients had multiple small bilateral foci of T2 prolongation within the subcortical and deep white matter. The periventricular region and corpus callosum were also involved. In addition to white matter disease, five patients had cortical lesions, three had brain stem involvement, and a single thalamic lesion was detected in one patient. All lesions were less than 1 cm in maximum diameter. In five patients, diffusion-weighted images showed increased signal. Four patients had leptomeningeal enhancement and four had enhancement of parenchymal lesions.

CONCLUSION: The brain MR findings in patients infected with the newly discovered Nipah paramyxovirus are different from those of patients with Japanese encephalitis. In a zoonotic epidemic, this striking difference in the appearance and distribution of lesions is useful in differentiating these diseases. Diffusion-weighted imaging was advantageous in increasing lesion conspicuity.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Risk factors for Nipah virus infection among abattoir workers in Singapore

Chew MH, Arguin PM, Shay DK, Goh KT, Rollin PE, Shieh WJ, et al.

J Infect Dis, 2000 May;181(5):1760-3.

PMID: 10823780

During 10-19 March 1999, 11 workers in 1 of 2 Singaporean abattoirs developed Nipah-virus associated encephalitis or pneumonia, resulting in 1 fatality. A case-control study was conducted to determine occupational risk factors for infection. Case patients were abattoir A workers who had anti-Nipah IgM antibodies; control subjects were randomly selected abattoir A workers who tested negative for anti-Nipah IgM. All 13 case patients versus 26 (63%) of 41 control subjects reported contact with live pigs (P=.01). Swine importation from Malaysian states concurrently experiencing a Nipah virus outbreak was banned on 3 March 1999; on 19 March 1999, importation of Malaysian pigs was banned, and abattoirs were closed. No unusual illnesses among pigs processed during February-March were reported. Contact with live pigs appeared to be the most important risk factor for human Nipah virus infection. Direct contact with live, potentially infected pigs should be minimized to prevent transmission of this potentially fatal zoonosis to humans.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Malaysia culls pigs as Nipah virus strikes again

Ahmad K

Lancet, 2000 Jul 15;356(9225):230.

PMID: 10963210

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Traceback systems used during recent epizootics in Asia

Ozawa Y, Ong BL, An SH

Rev. - Off. Int. Epizoot., 2001 Aug;20(2):605-13.

PMID: 11548530

Traceback systems in most countries of Asia are not well developed, as indicated by responses to a questionnaire by veterinary officials in thirteen countries. Marking of animals for traceback is practised only in a limited number of countries in specific areas or zones and for specific purposes only. In Malaysia, traceback has been undertaken by marking farm code tattoos on pigs. This enables the identification of the farm of origin of pigs found to be infected by Nipah virus in sero-surveillance programmes. The origin of the foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus that surfaced in the Republic of Korea in March 2000 was investigated through several epidemiological studies of suspected sources of contamination such as imported hay, yellow sand, milk collection trucks and feed delivery trucks. None of these studies gave results that indicated the origin of the FMD virus. The origin of the FMD virus that was recorded in Japan in March 2000 was also investigated in epidemiological studies; in this case, imported wheat straw was incriminated as the most likely source of infection. Comparative studies of the pathogenicities of FMD (type O) viruses isolated in Taipei China, the Republic of Korea and Japan, suggest that these viruses might have originated as vaccine strains used in a third country.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Commentary: paramyxoviruses, pigs and abattoirs

Bellini WJ

Int J Epidemiol, 2001 Oct;30(5):1020-1.

PMID: 11689514

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Nipah virus infection among abattoir workers in Malaysia, 1998-1999

Sahani M, Parashar UD, Ali R, Das P, Lye MS, Isa MM, et al.

Int J Epidemiol, 2001 Oct;30(5):1017-20.

PMID: 11689513

BACKGROUND: An outbreak of encephalitis primarily affecting pig farmers occurred during 1998-1999 in Malaysia and was linked to a new paramyxovirus, Nipah virus, which infected pigs, humans, dogs, and cats. Because five abattoir workers were also affected, a survey was conducted to assess the risk of Nipah infection among abattoir workers.

METHODS: Workers from all 143 registered abattoirs in 11 of 13 states in Malaysia were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Participants were interviewed to ascertain information on illness and activities performed at the abattoir. A serum sample was obtained to test for Nipah virus antibody.

RESULTS: Seven (1.6 %) of 435 abattoir workers who slaughtered pigs versus zero (0%) of 233 workers who slaughtered ruminants showed antibody to Nipah virus (P = 0.05). All antibody-positive workers were from abattoirs in the three states that reported outbreak cases among pig farmers. Workers in these three states were more likely than those in other states to have Nipah antibody (7/144 [4.86%] versus 0/291 [0%], P < 0.001) and report symptoms suggestive of Nipah disease in pigs admitted to the abattoirs (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Nipah infection was not widespread among abattoir workers in Malaysia and was linked to exposure to pigs. Since it may be difficult to identify Nipah-infected pigs capable of transmitting virus by clinical symptoms, using personal protective equipment, conducting surveillance for Nipah infection on pig farms which supply abattoirs, and avoiding handling and processing of potentially infected pigs are presently the best strategies to prevent transmission of Nipah virus in abattoirs.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Fulltext Condemnation of lungs in abattoirs in peninsular Malaysia due to parasitic infection from 1998-2004

Lat-Lat H, Hassan L, Rehana AS, Sheikh-Omar AR, Chandrasegaram S

Trop Biomed, 2006 Jun;23(1):61-8.

PMID: 17041553

A study on causes of lung condemnation in 25 abattoirs from peninsular Malaysia for a period of seven years (1998-2004) was conducted by examining the records at the Department of Veterinary Services headquarters in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 5.3% of lungs from 233,417 cattle and buffaloes were condemned from 1998 to 2004. The main cause of condemnation was congestion (2.98%). The percentage of lungs that were condemned due to parasitic infection among the total population slaughtered was low (0.11%). Parasitic infection contributed to 2.1% of all lungs condemned. It was also found that the prevalence of parasitic infection in the lungs was generally much higher in buffaloes than in cattle.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Fulltext Lungworm of cattle in Malaysia

Lat-Lat H, Sani RA, Hassan L, Sheikh-Omar AR, Jeyabalan S, Hishammfariz M, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2010 Aug;27(2):236-40.

PMID: 20962721 MyJurnal

Bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus is highly endemic in temperate regions. However, the occurrence of the lungworm has not been reported in any South East Asian country. The main aim of the present study was to detect the presence of lungworm in cattle in peninsular Malaysia and to examine the morphology of the parasite. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 602 animals from four large scale government cattle farms and one dairy smallholder farm were sampled. In addition, 283 lungs from 11 abattoirs around the country were examined. Faecal samples were examined using the Baermann technique while post-mortem examination was performed on the lungs. Approximately 5% of faecal samples and 1% of lungs were positive for lungworm. Based on the morphology of adult lungworm, eggs and first stage larvae, Malaysian bovine lungworms were D. viviparus.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Campylobacter in chicken carcasses and slaughterhouses in Malaysia

Rejab SB, Zessin KH, Fries R, Patchanee P

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2012 Jan;43(1):96-104.

PMID: 23082559

This study was conducted to determine the Campylobacter contamination rate of chicken carcasses and the processing lines of modern processing plants in Malaysia. Three hundred sixty samples were collected from 24 flocks of broiler chickens at 12 modern poultry processing plants in 6 states of Malaysia. Fresh fecal droppings were collected from crates in the arrival area. Neck skin samples were taken from processed chicken carcasses at 3 different processing stages: before inside-outside washing, after inside-outside washing and post chilling. Swab samples from the scalding tank, chilling tank and conveyer belt before chilling were also collected to determine contamination with Campylobacter in the slaughter house environment prior to slaughter. Isolation for Campylobacter was performed following ISO 10272-1:2006(E). The overall of contamination rate with Campylobacter at the 12 plants was 61.0% (220/360). Eighty point six percent of the samples from before the inside-outside wishing step were contaminated with Campylobacter, as were 62.5% of the samples after the inside washing and 38.9% after the post-chilling step. This study shows extensive contamination of chicken carcasses and slaughtering houses in Malaysia with Campylobacter.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

Comparison of Campylobacter contamination levels on chicken carcasses between modern and traditional types of slaughtering facilities in Malaysia

Rejab SB, Zessin KH, Fries R, Patchanee P

J Vet Med Sci, 2012 Jan;74(1):121-4.

PMID: 21891977

A total of 360 samples including fresh fecal droppings, neck skins, and swab samples was collected from 24 broiler flocks and processed by 12 modern processing plants in 6 states in Malaysia. Ninety samples from 10 traditional wet markets located in the same states as modern processing plants were also collected. Microbiological isolation for Campylobacter was performed following ISO 10272-1:2006 (E). The overall rate of contamination for Campylobacter in modern processing plants and in traditional wet markets was 61.1% (220/360) and 85.6% (77/90), respectively. Campylobacter jejuni was detected as the majority with approximately 70% for both facilities. In the modern processing plants, the contamination rate for Campylobacter gradually declined from 80.6% before the inside-outside washing to 62.5% after inside-outside washing and to 38.9% after the post chilling step. The contamination rate for Campylobacter from processed chicken neck skin in traditional wet markets (93.3%) was significantly (P<0.01) higher than in modern processing plants (38.9%).

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs/standards*

Fulltext Prevalence of multidrug resistance Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chickens slaughtered in selected markets, Malaysia

Mansouri-najand L, Saleha AA, Wai SS

Trop Biomed, 2012 Jun;29(2):231-8.

PMID: 22735845 MyJurnal

The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in live chickens sold at wet markets in Selangor, Malaysia and the multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles of the isolates. Cloacal swabs were taken from the chickens before slaughter and their caecal mucosae were swabbed after slaughter. Of the 90 chickens examined, 68 (75.6%) were positive for Campylobacter. Campylobacter were recovered from caecal swabs (53/90) and cloacal swabs (34/90) and Campylobacter coli (46 isolates) were identified slightly more than Campylobacter jejuni (41 isolates), but these differences were not significant (p<0.05). The most frequently observed resistance was to cephalothin (95.5%), followed by tetracycline (80.8%), erythromycin (51.4%), enrofloxacin (42.4%) and gentamicin (24.4%). Multidrug resistance (resistant to four or more antibiotics) was detected in 35.3% isolates. Campylobacter jejuni showed nine resistance profiles and the most common was to gentamicin-eryhtromycin-enrofloxacin-cephalothin-tetracycline (32.4%) combination while C. coli showed six profiles, with cephalothin-tetracycline (32.2%) combination being most common.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs

Stunning and animal welfare from Islamic and scientific perspectives

Nakyinsige K, Man YB, Aghwan ZA, Zulkifli I, Goh YM, Abu Bakar F, et al.

Meat Sci, 2013 Oct;95(2):352-61.

PMID: 23747629 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.04.006

The transformation of an animal into pieces fit for human consumption is a very important operation. Rather than argue about halal slaughter without stunning being inhumane or stunning being controversial from the Islamic point of view, we discuss slaughter, stunning and animal welfare considering both Islamic and animal welfare legislation requirements. With the world Muslim population close to two billion, the provision of halal meat for the Muslim community is important both ethically and economically. However, from the animal welfare standard point of view, a number of issues have been raised about halal slaughter without stunning, particularly, about stressful methods of restraint and the latency of the onset of unconsciousness. This paper sets out to, discuss the methods of stunning that are acceptable by Islamic authorities, highlight the requirements for stunning to be acceptable in Islam and suggest practical ways to improve the humanness of slaughter.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs/legislation & jurisprudence*

Halal and kosher slaughter methods and meat quality: a review

Farouk MM, Al-Mazeedi HM, Sabow AB, Bekhit AE, Adeyemi KD, Sazili AQ, et al.

Meat Sci, 2014 Nov;98(3):505-19.

PMID: 24973207 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.05.021

There are many slaughter procedures that religions and cultures use around the world. The two that are commercially relevant are the halal and kosher methods practiced by Muslims and Jews respectively. The global trade in red meat and poultry produced using these two methods is substantial, thus the importance of the quality of the meat produced using the methods. Halal and kosher slaughter per se should not affect meat quality more than their industrial equivalents, however, some of their associated pre- and post-slaughter processes do. For instance, the slow decline in blood pressure following a halal pre-slaughter head-only stun and neck cut causes blood splash (ecchymosis) in a range of muscles and organs of slaughtered livestock. Other quality concerns include bruising, hemorrhages, skin discoloration and broken bones particularly in poultry. In addition to these conventional quality issues, the "spiritual quality" of the meat can also be affected when the halal and kosher religious requirements are not fully met during the slaughter process. The nature, causes, importance and mitigations of these and other quality issues related to halal and kosher slaughtering and meat production using these methods are the subjects of this review.

Matched MeSH terms: Abattoirs*

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