PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data of 2360 patients from APASL-ACLF Research Consortium (AARC) was analysed. Multivariate logistic regression model (PIRO score) was developed from a derivation cohort (n=1363) which was validated in another prospective multicentric cohort of acute on chronic liver failure patients (n=997).
RESULTS: Factors significant for P component were serum creatinine[(≥2 mg/dL)OR 4.52, 95% CI (3.67-5.30)], bilirubin [(<12 mg/dL,OR 1) vs (12-30 mg/dL,OR 1.45, 95% 1.1-2.63) vs (≥30 mg/dL,OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.2)], serum potassium [(<3 mmol/LOR-1) vs (3-4.9 mmol/L,OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.05-1.97) vs (≥5 mmol/L,OR 4.34, 95% CI 1.67-11.3)] and blood urea (OR 3.73, 95% CI 2.5-5.5); for I component nephrotoxic medications (OR-9.86, 95% CI 3.2-30.8); for R component,Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome,(OR-2.14, 95% CI 1.4-3.3); for O component, Circulatory failure (OR-3.5, 95% CI 2.2-5.5). The PIRO score predicted acute kidney injury with C-index of 0.95 and 0.96 in the derivation and validation cohort. The increasing PIRO score was also associated with mortality (P
METHODS: A total of 1756 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively recruited. Among them, data of 1639 patients met the criteria for analysis. There were 1182 Chinese, 195 Indian, and 262 Malay patients. The main outcome was postoperative AKI, defined as a 25% or greater increase in preoperative to a maximum postoperative serum creatinine level within 3 days after surgery.
RESULTS: Five hundred and seventy-nine patients (35.3%) developed AKI after cardiac surgery. Ethnicity was shown to be an independent predictor of AKI after cardiac surgery with Indians and Malays having a higher risk of developing AKI when compared with Chinese patients (odds ratio: Indian vs Chinese 1.44, Malay vs Chinese 1.51).
CONCLUSIONS: Indians and Malays have a higher risk of developing AKI after cardiac surgery than Chinese in a South East Asian population. Ethnicity was shown to be an independent predictor of AKI after cardiac surgery.
METHODS: Perioperative data from 3008 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery from 2008 to 2011 at the two main heart centers in Singapore was analyzed prospectively, and confirmatory analysis was conducted with the generalized structural equation model.
RESULTS: Diabetes was significantly associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and postoperative hyperglycemia. Postoperative AKI, Malay ethnicity, and blood transfusion were associated with postoperative dialysis. Postoperative AKI and blood transfusion were also associated with postoperative arrhythmias. In turn, postoperative dialysis and arrhythmias increased the odds of 30-day mortality by 7.7- and 18-fold, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that diabetes is directly associated with postoperative hyperglycemia and AKI, and indirectly associated with arrhythmias and 30-day mortality. Further, we showed that ethnicity not only affects the prevalence of diabetes, but also postoperative diabetes-related outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: Identify the predictive factors for development of CI-AKI in patients prescribed NAC.
DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional.
SETTING: A tertiary hospital in Malaysia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: All adult patients who were prescribed NAC for prevention of CI-AKI were identified through an NAC drug us.age monitoring card maintained by the inpatient pharmacy. The study was conducted from March to July 2017.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Statistically significant predictive fac.tors for development of CI-AKI despite NAC administration.
SAMPLE SIZE: 152 RESULTS: The most commonly recognized risk factors for CI-AKI present in the study population were renal impairment (n=131, 86.2%), anemia (n=107, 70.4%), and diabetes mellitus (n=90, 59.2%). Hydration therapy was initiated in 128 patients (84.2%) prior to the contrast-enhanced procedure. Sixty-one (40.1%) were treated with nephrotoxic medications concomitantly with NAC. Fifteen (9.9%) patients developed AKI. Hypotension (OR: 6.02; 95% CI 1.25-28.97) and use of high contrast volume (OR: 6.56; 95% CI: 1.41-30.64) significantly increased the odds for AKI. Prior hydration therapy (OR: 0.13; 95% CI 0.03-0.59) showed protective effects.
CONCLUSION: The risk predictors identified for CI-AKI were hypotension, high contrast volume and prior hydration therapy.
LIMITATION: May not have identified other confounding factors for development of CI-AKI.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.