Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 60 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Children's judgments of age in Sarawak
    Looft WR, Rayman JR, Rayman BB
    J Soc Psychol, 1972 Apr;86(2):181-5.
    PMID: 5013924
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  2. Bisexual feelings and opposite-sex behavior in male Malaysian medical students
    Buhrich N, Armstrong MS, McConaghy N
    Arch Sex Behav, 1982 Oct;11(5):387-93.
    PMID: 7181646
    The sexual identity of 65 Malaysian male medical students was investigated by anonymous questionnaire. Of these students, 40% were aware of homosexual feelings prior to age 15 years, and 16% were so aware currently. There were correlations between current homosexual feelings and feminine sex dimorphic behavior during childhood and between current homosexual feelings and feminine gender identity. The results are discussed in light of results of a similar questionnaire completed by 138 male medical students in Sydney, Australia.
    Study site: National University of Malaysia (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development
  3. Fulltext Effects of environment on the growth of children
    Chen ST
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Mar;41(1):72-6.
    PMID: 3796354
    A child's growth achievement depends on his genetic endowment and the environment in which he lives; Comparative studies of children of similar racial origin but growing under different environmental conditions have shown differences in their body size and shape. In general higher income families produce offspring with higher mean birth weight. This is largely due to better nutrition and care of mothers during pregnancy and childhood. Children from higher socioeconomic groups are on an average larger in size in terms of weight, height, head circumference, midarm circumference, crown-rump length and leg length. This is largely due to a better home environment including sanitation, nutrition, health and care enjoyed by the better-off children. .Generally urban children are larger than rural children mainly due to economic differences between the two areas. In most countries the secular trend to children getting larger still continues reflecting an improvement of living conditions with time. Unlike body size, body shape is less influenced by the environment and the change in body proportion brought about by environment is not permanent. In developing countries, children from higher socioeconomic families have generally thicker skinfolds. On the average, infants and preschool children of European ancestry have thicker triceps skinfolds compared with Negroes and Asians living in comparable environments. It is possible that this is due to long term adaptation to different climatic conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  4. Normal developmental pattern of preschool Malaysian children
    Chen ST
    J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1988;30(3-4):118-24.
    PMID: 3216636
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  5. Comparison between the development of Malaysian and Denver children
    Chen ST
    J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1989;31(3-4):178-85.
    PMID: 2638722
    126 Malay children from higher income families were followed-up regularly from birth to six years of age in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Their developmental performance was compared to that of Denver children. Generally, Malaysian and Denver children appear to be similar in their development during the first six years of life except for some minor differences in the personal-social, language and gross motor sectors. Malaysians appear to be slower in self-care but more advanced in "helping around the house", "playing interactive games" and in "separating from mother". They were slightly slower in gross motor function during the first year of life but more advanced during the second year of life. However, they were slightly more advanced in language development. The differences in development between the two groups of children are discussed and it is concluded that the differences can partly be explained by differences in socio-economic or cultural differences between the two groups of children. However, the influence of genetic factors cannot be dismissed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  6. Bone age of Malaysian children aged 12 to 28 months
    Chen ST, Jee FC, Mohamed TB
    J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1990;32(3-4):97-101.
    PMID: 2133763
    Between 1976 and 1979, hand radiographs of 112 Malay children, 55 males and 57 females aged from 12 to 28 months, from higher socio-economic class families were obtained and studied by two radiologists. These children were part of a longitudinal study on growth and development. A total of 268 hand and wrist radiographs were taken, which the radiologists read independently of each other using the Greulich and Pyle Atlas. The bone age was then compared with the chronological age and the difference, if any, was noted and 'scored'. It was found that 83.4% of cases for males and 94.8% of cases for females matched within the +/- 6 months discrepancy range. For practical purposes therefore, our population may use the Greulich-Pyle Atlas with a good degree of confidence. Typical hand radiographs of male and female Malay children at 12, 18 and 24 months of age are also presented and these may be used as standards for Malaysian children at the respective age groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development/physiology*
  7. Fulltext Rett syndrome--two case reports
    Siew HF, Rani JM
    Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):192-8.
    PMID: 1839426
    Two cases of girls seen in Sarawak with the diagnosis of Rett Syndrome are reported. Their ages were 6 and 2 years respectively at the time of the report. Diagnosis is made clinically as there is as yet no scientific marker. Specific diagnostic criteria were met. There was a history of slowing of development followed by loss of previously acquired skills, changes in emotional development and behaviour and the definite emergency of stereotyped behaviour especially hand wringing in both girls. Onset was early in both girls, around nine months. Both girls are profoundly retarded mentally but the regression appeared to be static at present.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development
  8. Fulltext Asperger's syndrome: a report of two cases from Malaysia
    Kasmini K, Zasmani S
    Singapore Med J, 1995 Dec;36(6):641-3.
    PMID: 8781638
    Asperger's Syndrome is a distinct variant of autism, with a prevalence rate of 10 to 26 per 10,000 of normal intelligence, and 0.4 per 10,000 in those with mild mental retardation. The syndrome now has its own clinical entity and diagnostic criteria. It is being officially listed in the ICD-10 under pervasive developmental disorder. Two such cases are described in this article. Case One lacked the ability to relate to others, was excessively preoccupied with the late actor P. Ramlee and demonstrated a peculiar behaviour of holding on to toothbrushes in his early childhood. Cognitively, he was unable to synthesise words into meaningful sentences. Similarly, Case Two was unable to relate well to others and was preoccupied with the planets and its constellations. Though he appeared intelligent with an IQ score of 101, he was unable to follow instructions at school. Both children had motor clumsiness and fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of Asperger's Syndrome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/classification; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis*; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/psychology
  9. Comparison of morbidities in very low birthweight and normal birthweight infants during the first year of life in a developing country
    Boo NY, Ong LC, Lye MS, Chandran V, Teoh SL, Zamratol S, et al.
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1996 Oct;32(5):439-44.
    PMID: 8933407
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the morbidities in the very low birthweight (VLBW; < 1500 g) and normal birthweight (NBW; > or = 2500 g) Malaysian infants during the first year of life.

    METHODOLOGY: Prospective observational cohort study of consecutive surviving VLBW infants and randomly sampled NBW infants born in the Kuala Lumpur Maternity Hospital between 1 December 1989 and 31 December 1992. Infants were followed up regularly during the first year of life, after correction for prematurity.

    RESULTS: Compared with NBW infants (n = 106), VLBW infants (n = 127) had significantly higher risk of failure to thrive (odds ratio [OR] = 8.0, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.1 to 354.3), wheezing (OR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.6 to 9.3), rehospitalization (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1 to 5.0), cerebral palsy (OR = 8.6, 95% CI: 2.0 to 77.6), neurosensory hearing loss (OR = 12.0, 95% CI: 1.7 to 513.6) and visual loss (7.9 vs 0%, P = 0.002). The mean mental developmental index (MDI) and mean psychomotor developmental index (PDI) at 1 year of age were significantly lower among VLBW infants (MDI 99 [SD = 28], PDI 89 [SD = 25]) than NBW infants (MDI 106 [SD = 18], PDI 101 [SD = 18]) (95% CI for difference between means being MDI: -14.1 to -1.7; and PDI: -17.6 to -6.0). Logistic regression analysis showed that among VLBW infants: (i) male sex, Malay ethnicity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were significant risk factors associated with wheezing; (ii) longer duration of oxygen therapy during the neonatal period, seizures after the post-neonatal period and wheezing were significant risk factors associated with rehospitalization; and (iii) longer duration of oxygen therapy during the neonatal period was a significant risk factor associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome during the first year of life.

    CONCLUSIONS: Compared with NBW infants, VLBW Malaysian infants had significantly higher risks of physical and neuro-developmental morbidities.

    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development/physiology
  10. Fulltext Neurodevelopmental outcome of Malaysian very low birth weight infants: predictive value of cranial ultrasound appearances
    Ong LC, Boo NY, Chandran V, Zulfiqar A, Zamratol SM, Allison L, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 1997 Mar;38(3):108-11.
    PMID: 9269376
    The aim of the study was to determine the predictive value of cranial ultrasound scans done in the neonatal period for neurodevelopmental outcome of the Malaysian very low birthweight (VLBW, < 1500 grams) infants assessed at 12 months of corrected age. Of the 101 infants studied, 68 (67.3%) were neurodevelopmentally normal at one year of age, 18 (17.8%) had major and 15 (14.9%) had minor neurodevelopmental impairment. Neurodevelopmental outcome was normal in 66/88 (75.0%) infants who did not have severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) or periventricular intraparenchymal echo densities (PVE) in the first week of life, and in 57/73 (78.1%) with uncomplicated scans at discharge. In contrast, 11/13 (84.6%) with parenchymal echo densities or severe intraventricular bleed in the early neonatal period and 17/28 (60.7%) with complicated scans at discharge had adverse sequelae. There was a significant association between lesions seen on cranial ultrasound in the neonatal period and subsequent neurodevelopmental impairment. Late neonatal ultrasound scans appear to be a better predictor of short-term neurodevelopmental outcome than early scans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  11. Fulltext Ascariasis, trichuriasis, and growth of schoolchildren in Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia
    Raj SM, Naing NN
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1998 Dec;29(4):729-34.
    PMID: 10772554
    A study to determine the effect of antihelminthic treatment on growth and nutritional status was undertaken on 103 children in the second grade of primary school, 71 of whom were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides or Trichuris trichiura. The median Ascaris and Trichuris intensities in the infected group were 19,600 (range; 0-488,000) and 2,800 (range; 0-84,600) eggs per gram of feces respectively. Forty-three children harbored both types of worm. Fourteen weeks after two 400 mg doses of albendazole were administered to infected children, the increases in weight, height, weight for age, height for age and weight for height were significantly higher among infected children than controls who were uninfected at baseline. The observed gains were independent of sex and socioeconomic status. Decrease in log transformed Trichuris intensity correlated with increases in weight (r=0.24; p=0.02) and weight for age (r=0.20; p=0.06) but decrease in Ascaris intensity did not correlate with increases in any of the anthropometric parameters. The results suggest that antihelminthic treatment has beneficial short-term effects on growth and nutritional status of a modest magnitude among early primary schoolchildren in the area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  12. Neurodevelopmental outcome of very low birth weight babies admitted to a Malaysian nursery
    Ho JJ, Amar HS, Mohan AJ, Hon TH
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Apr;35(2):175-80.
    PMID: 10365356
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and pattern of neurodevelopmental handicap at 2 years of age in very low birth weight infants (VLBW) admitted in 1993 to a level 3 Malaysian nursery.

    METHODS: All VLBW babies born in the hospital or referred for neonatal care during 1993 were enrolled prospectively in the study. At 2 years of age development was assessed using the Griffiths mental scales. Neurological, hearing and visual assessments were graded into five groups according to functional handicap. Control infants were randomly selected during attendance at a primary health care clinic.

    RESULTS: One hundred and fifty VLBW infants were admitted and 82 (54.6%) survived to 2 years, of whom 77 (93.9%) were assessed. The mean General Quotient (GQ) on the Griffiths Scales was 94 (15.7) for the study group and 104 (8.3) for the 60 controls. For GQ, 21 (27.3%) of the study population were 1 or more SD below the mean (18 between 1 and 2 SD and 3 > 2 SD) compared with 1 (1.6%) of the controls who was 1-2 SD below the mean. Visual impairment occurred in 2 study infants and none of the controls. There was no hearing impairment in either group. Cerebral palsy occurred in 3 (1 mild and 2 moderate-severe) of the study group and none of the controls. Functionally 18 (23.3%) of the study group had mild handicap, 1 (1.3%) moderate, 2 (2.5%) severe, 2 (2.5%) multiply severe and 54 (70.2%) were normal.

    CONCLUSION: Although survival was low, overall rates of functional handicap were similar to those reported in developed countries but the proportion with moderate or severe handicap was low.

    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development/physiology
  13. Determinants of linear growth in Malaysian children with cerebral palsy
    Zainah SH, Ong LC, Sofiah A, Poh BK, Hussain IH
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2001 Aug;37(4):376-81.
    PMID: 11532058
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the linear growth and nutritional parameters of a group of Malaysian children with cerebral palsy (CP) against a group of controls, and to determine the nutritional, medical and sociodemographic factors associated with poor growth in children with CP.

    METHODOLOGY: The linear growth of 101 children with CP and of their healthy controls matched for age, sex and ethnicity was measured using upper-arm length (UAL). Nutritional parameters of weight, triceps skin-fold thickness and mid-arm circumference were also measured. Total caloric intake was assessed using a 24-h recall of a 3-day food intake and calculated as a percentage of the Recommended Daily Allowance. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine nutritional, medical and sociodemographic factors associated with poor growth (using z-scores of UAL) in children with CP.

    RESULTS: Compared with the controls, children with CP had significantly lower mean UAL measurements (difference between means -1.1, 95% confidence interval -1.65 to - 0.59), weight (difference between means -6.0, 95% CI -7.66 to -4.34), mid-arm circumference (difference between means -1.3, 95% CI -2.06 to -0.56) and triceps skin-fold thickness (difference between means -2.5, 95% CI -3.5 to -1.43). Factors associated with low z-scores of UAL were a lower percentage of median weight (P < 0.001), tube feeding (P < 0.001) and increasing age (P < 0.001).

    CONCLUSION: A large proportion of Malaysian children with CP have poor nutritional status and linear growth. Nutritional assessment and management at an early age might help this group of children achieve adequate growth.

    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  14. Predictors of neurodevelopmental outcome of Malaysian very low birthweight children at 4 years of age
    Ong LC, Boo NY, Chandran V
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2001 Aug;37(4):363-8.
    PMID: 11532056 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00694.x
    OBJECTIVE: To determine neonatal, early developmental and social risk factors that predict the neurocognitive and behavioural outcome of very low birthweight (VLBW) preschool children at four years of age.

    METHODOLOGY: From a cohort of 151 eligible VLBW survivors born in Kuala Lumpur Maternity Hospital, 116 (76.8%) were prospectively followed up from birth till four years. A standardised neurological examination was performed at one and four years to determine the presence of impairment and cerebral palsy, respectively. Cognitive development was assessed using the Mental Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (MDI) at one year and the Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WIPPSI-R) at four years. Motor coordination was assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement-ABC). Mothers completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Parenting Stress Index (PSI) questionnaires. Logistic and multiple regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with cerebral palsy, IQ scores, Movement-ABC and CBCL scores.

    RESULTS: Factors associated with cerebral palsy were lower MDI scores at one year (P = 0.001) and late neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities (P = 0.036). Minor (P = 0.016) or major impairment (P = 0.003) at one year of age and a low level of paternal education (P = 0.01) were associated with poor motor function on the Movement-ABC scale. Lower levels of maternal education (P < 0.001), impairment at one year (P = 0.002) and late neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities (P = 0.039) predicted Full Scale IQ scores. Higher PSI scores (P = 0.001), younger mothers (P = 0.003) and late neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities (P = 0.009) were associated with worsened child behaviour scores on the CBCL scale.

    CONCLUSION: Social factors and the caregiving environment were important determinants of cognitive and behavioural outcome. Cranial ultrasound abnormalities in the late neonatal period and the developmental status at one year might be useful in identifying high risk infants in need of long-term surveillance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  15. Fulltext Use of the Griffiths Mental Scales in normal 2 year old Malaysian children
    Ho JJ, Amar HSS, Ismail R
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Sep;56(3):331-5.
    PMID: 11732079
    The Griffiths Scales for Mental Development were used to assess a group of 60 normal 2-year old Malaysian children (25 Indian, 23 Malay and 12 Chinese). The mean GQ was 104.2 (SD 9.3). This was significantly higher than the test mean of 100, p < 0.001. The mean score for Malaysian children was significantly higher on the locomotor, personal social, performance and practical reasoning subscales while they were significantly lower on the hand eye subscale and did not differ from the test mean on the hearing and speech subscale. There was a significant correlation between GQ and social class, r = -0.39, p < 0.05. Scores were lower than those currently obtained on British children, p < 0.001. Minor difficulties due to language and cultural factors arose over the interpretation of several items but with standardisation of these items the test is useful in Malaysian children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  16. Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease
    Lai NM, Rajadurai SV, Tan KH
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006.
    PMID: 16856077
    Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease have nutritional deficits that may contribute to short and long term morbidity and mortality. Increasing the daily energy intake for these infants may improve their respiratory, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development
  17. Fulltext Meeting the needs of children with disability in Malaysia
    Amar HSS
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Mar;63(1):1-3.
    PMID: 18935722
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  18. The influence of low blood lead concentrations on the cognitive and physical development of primary school children in Malaysia
    Zailina H, Junidah R, Josephine Y, Jamal HH
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2008;20(4):317-26.
    PMID: 19124326 DOI: 10.1177/1010539508322697
    This study aimed to determine the relationship between blood lead (BPb) concentrations and cognitive and physical development in school children. A total of 169 urban children and 100 industrial children of Malay ethnicity, in the age range of 6(1/2) to 8(1/2) years, were selected. BPb was determined using GF atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean cognitive score (102.55) of the children from the industrial area was significantly higher than that of the urban children (95.09; P < .001). However, no significant differences were found in the BPb levels between the 2 groups (industrial, 3.75 microg/dL; urban, 3.56 microg/dL). There was significant inverse correlation between BPb and cognitive scores for all children (P < .05). The cognitive scores for all children were influenced by BPb after adjustments (P < .05). The urban children had significantly better Weight for Height and Left Arm Circumference values than those from industrial area. There was no significant correlation between BPb and the anthropometric measurements. In conclusion, low BPb influenced the cognitive development, whereas physical development was not affected.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development*
  19. Development and implementation of a web-based system to study children with malnutrition
    Syed-Mohamad SM
    Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 2009 Jan;93(1):83-92.
    PMID: 18789553 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2008.07.011
    To develop and implement a collective web-based system to monitor child growth in order to study children with malnutrition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development
  20. Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency in a Malaysian patient, with novel adenylosuccinate lyase gene mutations
    Chen BC, McGown IN, Thong MK, Pitt J, Yunus ZM, Khoo TB, et al.
    J Inherit Metab Dis, 2010 Dec;33 Suppl 3:S159-62.
    PMID: 20177786 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9056-z
    Most cases of adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL OMIM 103050) deficiency reported to date are confined to the various European ethnic groups. We report on the first Malaysian case of ADSL deficiency, which appears also to be the first reported Asian case. The case was diagnosed among a cohort of 450 patients with clinical features of psychomotor retardation, global developmental delay, seizures, microcephaly and/or autistic behaviour. The patient presented with frequent convulsions and severe myoclonic jerk within the first few days of life and severe psychomotor retardation. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the urine revealed the characteristic biochemical markers of succinyladenosine (S-Ado) and succinyl-aminoimidazole carboximide riboside (SAICAr). The urinary S-Ado/SAICAr ratio was found to be 1.02 (type I ADSL deficiency). The patient was compound heterozygous for two novel mutations, c.445C > G (p.R149G) and c.774_778insG (p.A260GfsX24).
    Matched MeSH terms: Child Development
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links