Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 57 in total

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  1. Tualang honey supplement improves memory performance and hippocampal morphology in stressed ovariectomized rats
    Al-Rahbi B, Zakaria R, Othman Z, Hassan A, Mohd Ismail ZI, Muthuraju S
    Acta Histochem, 2014 Jan;116(1):79-88.
    PMID: 23810156 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.05.004
    Recently, our research team has reported that Tualang honey was able to improve immediate memory in postmenopausal women comparable with that of estrogen progestin therapy. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of Tualang honey supplement on hippocampal morphology and memory performance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats exposed to social instability stress. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: (i) sham-operated controls, (ii) stressed sham-operated controls, (iii) OVX rats, (iv) stressed OVX rats, (v) stressed OVX rats treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), and (vi) stressed OVX rats treated with Tualang honey. These rats were subjected to social instability stress procedure followed by novel object recognition (NOR) test. Right brain hemispheres were subjected to Nissl staining. The number and arrangement of pyramidal neurons in regions of CA1, CA2, CA3 and the dentate gyrus (DG) were recorded. Two-way ANOVA analyses showed significant interactions between stress and OVX in both STM and LTM test as well as number of Nissl-positive cells in all hippocampal regions. Both E2 and Tualang honey treatments improved both short-term and long-term memory and enhanced the neuronal proliferation of hippocampal CA2, CA3 and DG regions compared to that of untreated stressed OVX rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  2. Fulltext Tualang honey exerts antioxidant and antidepressant-like effects in stress-exposed rats
    Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman, Rahimah Zakaria, Che Badariah Abdul Aziz, Zahiruddin Othman
    Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2019;4(1):15-25.
    MyJurnal
    Recent evidence has exhibited dietary influence on the manifestation of depressive-like behaviour induced by stressor tasks. The present study examined the effects of Tualang honey supplement administered with the goal of preventing or attenuating the occurrence of depressive-like behaviour in male rats subjected to noise stress. Forty-eight adult male rats were randomly divided into the following groups: i) nonstressed with placebo, ii) nonstressed with honey, iii) stressed with placebo, and iv) stressed with honey. Tualang honey (200 mg/kg body weight) was administered for 28 days. Stressed rats were subjected to loud noise 100 dB(A) 4 hours daily for 14 days. Forced swimming test was performed to evaluate depressive-like behaviour. Stressed control rats displayed significant increase in depressive-like behaviour, serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone, and brain oxidative stress markers levels, with significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities and total antioxidant status. Honey supplementation successfully counteracted the stress effects whereby the honey treated rats exhibited significant decrease in depressive-like behaviour and levels of ACTH, corticosterone, and oxidative stress markers, with significant increase in antioxidant enzymes activities and total antioxidant status. In conclusion, Tualang honey mediated antidepressant-like effects in stressed rats, possibly acting via restoration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through its antioxidant properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone
  3. Tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation prevents foetal loss in females mated with corticosterone-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats
    Abd Aziz NAA, Chatterjee A, Chatterjee R, Durairajanayagam D
    Andrologia, 2019 Apr;51(3):e13199.
    PMID: 30461035 DOI: 10.1111/and.13199
    This study examined whether tocotrienol supplementation to corticosterone-treated male rats could prevent foetal loss in females upon their mating. Epididymides of adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with proven fertility were surgically separated at the testis-caput junction. Twenty-four hours post-surgery, these animals received for 7 days either: tocopherol-stripped corn oil (Control), corticosterone 25 mg/kg s.c. (CORT), CORT 25 mg/kg s.c. and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) 100 mg/kg orally (CORT + TRF) or TRF 100 mg/kg orally (TRF). On day 8, males were cohabited with proestrus females. A spermatozoa-positive vaginal smear indicated pregnancy. Males were euthanised for analysis of testosterone and antioxidant activities. Reproductive organs were weighed. On day 8 of pregnancy, females were laparotomised to count the number of implantation sites. Pregnancy was continued until term. Number of pups delivered and their weights were determined. Data were analysed using ANOVA. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in CORT + TRF group compared with CORT group. Enzymatic antioxidant activities, testosterone level and reproductive organ weights were significantly higher in CORT + TRF group compared with CORT group. Number of implantation sites and live pups delivered, and their birth weights from females mated with CORT + TRF males were significantly higher compared to CORT group. Therefore, TRF prevents foetal loss in females mated with CORT + TRF-treated males.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/pharmacology*
  4. Fulltext Tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol reduce corticosterone and noradrenalin levels in rats exposed to restraint stress
    Nur Azlina MF, Nafeeza MI
    Pharmazie, 2008 Dec;63(12):890-2.
    PMID: 19177905
    This study investigates the effects of tocotrienol (TT) or alpha-tocopherol (TF) supplementation on corticosterone level, noradrenalin level and gastric lesions in rats exposed to restraint stress. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 equally sized groups; two control groups were given olive oil, while the treated group was supplemented with either tocotrienol of tocopherol orally at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. After 28 days of treatment, one control group, TT group and TF group were subjected to restraint stress, 2 hours daily for 4 consecutive days. After the last exposure to stress, plasma samples were taken to determine the corticosterone and noradrenalin levels, after which the rats were sacrificed. The stomach was excised for the evaluation of gastric lesions. Our findings showed that TT and TF were able to maintain the corticosterone level to the prestress values, while only TT was able to maintain the noradrenalin level in rats exposed to stress. Tocotrienol was found to be better in preventing formation of gastric lesions compared to TF. As a conclusion, the protective effect of vitamin E was related to the ability to inhibit stress induced elevation of corticosterone and noradrenalin levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood*
  5. Fulltext The role of heat shock protein 70 in resistance to Salmonella enteritidis in broiler chickens subjected to neonatal feed restriction and thermal stress
    Soleimani AF, Zulkifli I, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR, Raha AR
    Poult Sci, 2012 Feb;91(2):340-5.
    PMID: 22252346 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01703
    Environmental stressors may influence chicken performance and susceptibility to pathogens, such as Salmonella enteritidis. This study was conducted to determine the effects of heat shock protein (Hsp)70 expression on resistance to Salmonella enteritidis infection in broiler chickens subjected to heat exposure. Chicks were divided into 3 feeding regimens: ad libitum feeding (control); 60% feed restriction on d 4, 5, and 6 (FR60); and 60% feed restriction on d 4, 5, and 6 plus 1,500 mg/kg of quercetin (FR60Q). On d 35, all of the chickens were individually inoculated with 1 mL of Salmonella enteritidis (1.5 × 10(8) cfu/bird) and exposed to an ambient temperature of 37 ± 1°C and 70% RH for 3 h/d. The FR60 and FR60Q chickens had significantly lower Salmonella enteritidis colonization and lower Hsp70 expression than that of the control chickens following the heat exposure period. The least colonization was observed in the FR60Q group (1.38 log(10) cfu/g in the spleen and 1.96 log(10) cfu/g in the cecal content) and the highest was in the control group (2.1 log(10) cfu/g in the spleen and 4.42 log(10) cfu/g in the cecal content). It appears that neonatal feed restriction can enhance resistance to Salmonella enteritidis colonization in heat-stressed broiler chicks, and the underlying mechanism could be associated with the lower expression of Hsp70.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood; Corticosterone/metabolism
  6. The relationship between adrenocortical function and Hsp70 expression in socially isolated Japanese quail
    Soleimani AF, Zulkifli I, Omar AR, Raha AR
    Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 2012 Feb;161(2):140-4.
    PMID: 22036750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.10.003
    Physiological responses to social isolation stress were compared in 56-day-old male Japanese quail. Birds were fed pretreated diets for 3 days as follows: (i) Basal diet (control); (ii) Basal diet+1500 mg/kg metyrapone (BM); (iii) Basal diet+30 mg/kg corticosterone (BCO); (iv) Basal diet+250 mg/kg ascorbic acid (BC); (v) Basal diet+250 mg/kg α-tocopherol (BE); (vi) Basal diet+250 mg/kg ascorbic acid and 250 mg/kg α-tocopherol (BCE). The birds were subsequently socially isolated in individual opaque brown paper box for 2 hours. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentration and heart and brain heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) expressions were determined before stress and immediately after stress. Two hours of isolation stress elevated CORT concentration significantly in the control and BE birds but not in the BC, BCE and BM birds. There was a significant reduction in CORT concentration after isolation stress in the BCO group. Isolation stress increased Hsp 70 expression in the brain and heart of control and BM birds. However, brain and heart Hsp 70 expressions were not significantly altered in the isolated BC, BCE and BE birds. Although, the CORT concentration of BM birds was not affected by isolation stress, Hsp70 expression in both brain and heart were significantly increased. Moreover, exogenous corticosterone supplementation did not result in elevation of Hsp 70 expression. It can be concluded that, although Hsp 70 induction had not been directly affected by CORT concentration, it may be modulated by the HPA axis function via activation of ACTH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  7. Fulltext The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet
    Hashim KN, Chin KY, Ahmad F
    Molecules, 2023 Mar 20;28(6).
    PMID: 36985762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062790
    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension that increase an individual's tendency to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Kelulut honey (KH) produced by stingless bee species has a rich phenolic profile. Recent studies have demonstrated that KH could suppress components of MetS, but its mechanisms of action are unknown. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control rats (C group) (n = 6), MetS rats fed with a high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet (HCHF group) (n = 6), and MetS rats fed with HCHF diet and treated with KH (HCHF + KH group) (n = 6). The HCHF + KH group received 1.0 g/kg/day KH via oral gavage from week 9 to 16 after HCHF diet initiation. Compared to the C group, the MetS group experienced a significant increase in body weight, body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG) and leptin, as well as the area and perimeter of adipocyte cells at the end of the study. The MetS group also experienced a significant decrease in serum HDL levels versus the C group. KH supplementation reversed the changes in serum TG, HDL, leptin, adiponectin and corticosterone levels, SBP, DBP, as well as adipose tissue 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) level, area and perimeter at the end of the study. In addition, histological observations also showed that KH administration reduced fat deposition within hepatocytes, and prevented deterioration of pancreatic islet and renal glomerulus. In conclusion, KH is effective in preventing MetS by suppressing leptin, corticosterone and 11βHSD1 levels while elevating adiponectin levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone
  8. Fulltext Supplementary feeding increases nestling feather corticosterone early in the breeding season in house sparrows
    Salleh Hudin N, De Neve L, Strubbe D, Fairhurst GD, Vangestel C, Peach WJ, et al.
    Ecol Evol, 2017 08;7(16):6163-6171.
    PMID: 28861222 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3114
    Several studies on birds have proposed that a lack of invertebrate prey in urbanized areas could be the main cause for generally lower levels of breeding success compared to rural habitats. Previous work on house sparrows Passer domesticus found that supplemental feeding in urbanized areas increased breeding success but did not contribute to population growth. Here, we hypothesize that supplementary feeding allows house sparrows to achieve higher breeding success but at the cost of lower nestling quality. As abundant food supplies may permit both high- and low-quality nestlings to survive, we also predict that within-brood variation in proxies of nestling quality would be larger for supplemental food broods than for unfed broods. As proxies of nestling quality, we considered feather corticosterone (CORT f), body condition (scaled mass index, SMI), and tarsus-based fluctuating asymmetry (FA). Our hypothesis was only partially supported as we did not find an overall effect of food supplementation on FA or SMI. Rather, food supplementation affected nestling phenotype only early in the breeding season in terms of elevated CORT f levels and a tendency for more variable within-brood CORT f and FA. Early food supplemented nests therefore seemed to include at least some nestlings that faced increased stressors during development, possibly due to harsher environmental (e.g., related to food and temperature) conditions early in the breeding season that would increase sibling competition, especially in larger broods. The fact that CORT f was positively, rather than inversely, related to nestling SMI further suggests that factors influencing CORT f and SMI are likely operating over different periods or, alternatively, that nestlings in good nutritional condition also invest in high-quality feathers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone
  9. Short- and long-term effects of glycyrrhizic acid in repetitive stress
    Ainsah O, Nabishah BM, Osman CB, Khalid BA
    Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 1999 7 1;26(5-6):444-8.
    PMID: 10386236
    1. This study was carried out to determine the effect of short-term and long-term ingestion of glycyrrhizic acid on the response to 2 h of restraint stress by measuring locomotor activity and plasma corticosterone levels. 2. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups, each group having eight rats. Group 1 (control) was given ordinary tap water, while groups 2 (short term), 3 and 4 (both long term) were given tap water containing 1 mg/mL glycyrrhizic acid to drink for 10 days, 4 weeks and 9 weeks, respectively. All the rats were subjected to 2 h of restraint stress and the locomotor activity assessed using an activity test in an open field arena followed by blood sampling to determine the plasma corticosterone level. These procedures were repeated daily for 14 days. 3. The basal locomotor activity scores for rats given glycyrrhizic acid for 10 days or 4 weeks were similar to those of controls; however, that of the rats treated long term with glycyrrhizic acid was significantly lower (21.0 +/- 3.0 squares crossed; P < 0.0005). Following the first period of restraint stress there was a highly significant decrease in locomotor activity, which remained significantly lower until the seventh and subsequent periods, indicating an adaptation to the repeated stress had occurred. Although the decrease in locomotor activity was partially blocked and adaptation to repetitive stress was enhanced in the rats given glycyrrhizic acid for 10 days, this was not seen in rats treated with glycyrrhizic acid for 4 or 9 weeks. The corticosterone levels in control rats were significantly elevated for 4-5 days following the exposure to repetitive stress but decreased gradually from day 7 onwards. However, both short- and long-term glycyrrhizic acid-treated rats had higher plasma corticosterone levels than the controls (P < 0.05). 4. In conclusion, repetitive restraint stress caused decreased locomotor activity associated with increased plasma corticosterone levels, both of which, in normal rats, decreased with adaptation to stress. The stress response was partially blocked and adaptation enhanced in rats given glycyrrhizic acid for 10 days, but not in rats given glycyrrhizic acid for 4 and 9 weeks. Glycyrrhizic acid ingestion caused high plasma corticosterone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  10. Fulltext Serum leptin and corticosterone levels after exposure to noise stress in rats
    Chandralekha G, Jeganathan R, Viswanathan, Charan JC
    Malays J Med Sci, 2005 Jan;12(1):51-6.
    PMID: 22605947
    Even though extensive studies have been conducted on the effect of noise exposure on hearing apparatus / auditory system, information on the effect of noise on the other body functions is sparse. The present study examined the effect of exposure of albino rats to acute and chronic noise stress on two important interlaced endocrine levels. In acute experiments the animals were exposed to 120 dB noise for a duration of 1, 2, 3 hrs. In chronic experiments the animals were exposed to noise for one hour daily for 30, 60 and 90 days. Plasma corticosterone and leptin levels were measured in these animals. There was significant elevation in the levels of corticosterone and leptin after exposure to noise stress. The elevation in corticosterone level after noise stress is in agreement with earlier reports. So noise acts like a stressor and elevates the secretion of the corticosterone, the stress hormone and leptin, the product of the ob gene there is an elevation in leptin levels after noise stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone
  11. Regeneration of adrenal cortical tissue after adrenal autotransplantation
    Nabishah BM, Khalid BA, Morat PB, Zanariyah A
    Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes, 1998;106(5):419-24.
    PMID: 9831309
    This study tested the possibility of adrenal autotransplantation in rats. Since the cortex and the medulla of the adrenal gland were from different origin embryologically, either whole adrenal glands (ADR), or capsule and cortex (CAP) or medulla (MED) were autotransplanted in the subcutaneous tissue. The functions of regenerated adrenal nodules were tested by measuring plasma corticosterone levels every fortnight. At the end of 9 weeks the rats were exposed to hypovolemic shock followed by naloxone injection to reverse the shock response. Results showed that rats transplanted with either cortex or whole adrenal started secreting corticosterone at 5 weeks post-transplantation (107.73 +/- 21.98 ng/ml, 126.04 +/- 48.41 ng/ml, respectively). Corticosterone levels increased to the value which were not significantly different from control by 9 weeks post-transplantation. However, rats transplanted with adrenal medulla showed very low corticosterone levels. Nine weeks post-transplantation, the mean blood pressure (MBP) of the CAP group was 135 +/- 13 mmHg and was not significantly different from sham-operated controls, whereas MBP of MED group was significantly lower than sham-operated animals (99 +/- 11 mmHg versus 141 +/- 9 mmHg). The MBP of the ADR group was also lower compared to sham-operated controls (112 +/- 17 mmHg P < 0.05). The MBP of the adrenal group was not statistically significant compared to the CAP group. After 1% body weight haemorrhage, the MBP decreased significantly in ADR (45 +/- 5 mmHg, P < 0.05) and MED group (36 +/- 9 mmHg, P < 0.001) compared to sham-operated rats (78 +/- 11 mmHg) but not in the CAP (56 +/- 9 mmHg). It was concluded that autotransplanted whole adrenal or adrenocortical tissues survived subcutaneously and produced sufficient corticosterone to alleviate haemorrhagic shock. Adrenal medullary tissue failed to regenerate subcutaneously and the presence of adrenal medullary tissue may suppressed the growth of transplanted adrenal gland.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  12. Fulltext Prenatal auditory stimulation induces physiological stress responses in developing embryos and newly hatched chicks
    Hanafi SA, Zulkifli I, Ramiah SK, Chung ELT, Kamil R, Awad EA
    Poult Sci, 2023 Feb;102(2):102390.
    PMID: 36608455 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102390
    Prenatal stress may evoke considerable physiological consequences on the developing poultry embryos and neonates. The present study aimed to determine prenatal auditory stimulation effects on serum levels of ceruloplasmin (CPN), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), corticosterone (CORT), and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) regulations in developing chicken embryos and newly hatched chicks. Hatching eggs were subjected to the following auditory treatments; 1) control (no additional sound treatment other than the background sound of the incubator's compressors at 40 dB), 2) noise exposure (eggs were exposed to pre-recorded traffic noise at 90 dB) (NOISE), and 3) music exposure (eggs were exposed to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K 488 at 90 dB) (MUSIC). The NOISE and MUSIC treatments were for 20 min/h for 24 h (a total of 8 h/d), starting from embryonic days (ED) 12 to hatching. The MUSIC (1.37 ± 0.1 ng/mL) and NOISE (1.49 ± 0.2 ng/mL) treatments significantly elevated CPN at ED 15 compared to the Control (0.82 ± 0.04 ng/mL) group and post-hatch day 1 (Control, 1.86 ± 0.2 ng/mL; MUSIC, 2.84 ± 0.4 ng/mL; NOISE, 3.04 ± 0.3 ng/mL), AGP at ED 15 (Control, 39.1 ± 7.1 mg/mL; MUSIC, 85.5 ± 12.9 mg/mL; NOISE, 85.4 ± 15.1 mg/mL) and post-hatch day 1 (Control, 20.4 ± 2.2 mg/mL; MUSIC, 30.5 ± 4.7 mg/mL; NOISE, 30.3 ± 1.4 mg/mL). CORT significantly increased at ED 15 in both MUSIC (9.024 ± 1.4 ng/mL) and NOISE (12.15 ± 1.6 ng/mL) compared to the Control (4.39 ± 0.7 ng/mL) group. On the other hand, MUSIC exposed embryos had significantly higher Hsp70 expression than their Control and NOISE counterparts at ED 18 (Control, 12.9 ± 1.2 ng/mL; MUSIC, 129.6 ± 26.4 ng/mL; NOISE, 13.3 ± 2.3 ng/mL) and post-hatch day 1 (Control, 15.2 ± 1.7 ng/mL; MUSIC, 195.5 ± 68.5 ng/mL; NOISE, 13.2 ± 2.7 ng/mL). In conclusion, developing chicken embryos respond to auditory stimulation by altering CPN, AGP, CORT, and Hsp70. The alterations of these analytes could be important in developing embryos and newly hatched chicks to cope with stress attributed to auditory stimulation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone
  13. Piper sarmentosum prevents glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic bone resorption by increasing 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity
    Suhana MR, Farihah HS, Faizah O, Nazrun SA, Norazlina M, Norliza M, et al.
    Clin Ter, 2011;162(4):313-8.
    PMID: 21912818
    Osteoporosis is a proven complication of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Concern on glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis has increased dramatically in recent years with the widespread use of synthetic glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid action in bone depends upon the activity of 11βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme (11βHSD1). This enzyme plays an important role in regulating corticosteroids by locally interconverting cortisone into active cortisol. This has been demonstrated in primary cultures of human, mouse or rat osteoblasts. Therefore, inhibition of this enzyme may reduce bone resorption markers. Piper sarmentosum (Ps) is a potent inhibitor of 11βHSD1 in liver and adipose tissue. In this study we determined the effect of Ps on 11βHSD1 activity in bones of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  14. Piper sarmentosum Effects on 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Enzyme in Serum and Bone in Rat Model of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis
    Mohamad Asri SF, Mohd Ramli ES, Soelaiman IN, Mat Noh MA, Abdul Rashid AH, Suhaimi F
    Molecules, 2016 Nov 15;21(11).
    PMID: 27854305
    Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is one of the common causes of secondary osteoporosis. Piper sarmentosum (Ps) extract possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we determined the correlation between the effects of Ps leaf water extract with the regulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) type 1 enzyme activity in serum and bone of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into following: G1: sham-operated group administered with intramuscular vehicle olive oil and vehicle normal saline orally; G2: adrenalectomized (adrx) control group given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 μg/kg/day) and vehicle normal saline orally; G3: adrx group given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 μg/kg/day) and water extract of Piper sarmentosum (125 mg/kg/day) orally. After two months, the femur and serum were taken for ELISA analysis. Results showed that Ps leaf water extract significantly reduced the femur corticosterone concentration (p < 0.05). This suggests that Ps leaf water extract was able to prevent bone loss due to long-term glucocorticoid therapy by acting locally on the bone cells by increasing the dehydrogenase action of 11β-HSD type 1. Thus, Ps may have the potential to be used as an alternative medicine against osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture in patients on long-term glucocorticoid treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood; Corticosterone/metabolism
  15. Fulltext Physiological responses of 3 chicken breeds to acute heat stress
    Soleimani AF, Zulkifli I, Omar AR, Raha AR
    Poult Sci, 2011 Jul;90(7):1435-40.
    PMID: 21673158 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01381
    Domestic animals have been modified by selecting individuals exhibiting desirable traits and culling the others. To investigate the alterations introduced by domestication and selective breeding in heat stress response, 2 experiments were conducted using Red Jungle Fowl (RJF), village fowl (VF), and commercial broilers (CB). In experiment 1, RJF, VF, and CB of a common chronological age (30 d old) were exposed to 36 ± 1°C for 3 h. In experiment 2, RJF, VF, and CB of common BW (930 ± 15 g) were subjected to similar procedures as in experiment 1. Heat treatment significantly increased body temperature, heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, and plasma corticosterone concentration in CB but not in VF and RJF. In both experiments and irrespective of stage of heat treatment, RJF showed lower heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, higher plasma corticosterone concentration, and higher heat shock protein 70 expression than VF and CB. It can be concluded that selective breeding for phenotypic traits in the domestication process has resulted in alterations in the physiology of CB and concomitantly the ability to withstand high ambient temperature compared with RJF and VF. In other words, domestication and selective breeding are leading to individuals that are more susceptible to stress rather than resistant. It is also apparent that genetic differences in body size and age per se may not determine breed or strain variations in response to heat stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood
  16. Fulltext Neuroprotective effects of Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. against high-dose corticosterone-induced oxidative stress in PC-12 cells
    Lew SY, Lim SH, Lim LW, Wong KH
    BMC Complement Med Ther, 2020 Nov 11;20(1):340.
    PMID: 33176761 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03132-x
    BACKGROUND: Hericium erinaceus is a culinary and medicinal mushroom in Traditional Chinese Medicines. It has numerous pharmacological effects including immunomodulatory, anti-tumour, anti-microbial, anti-aging and stimulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis, but little is known about its potential role in negating the detrimental effects of oxidative stress in depression. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of H. erinaceus standardised aqueous extract (HESAE) against high-dose corticosterone-induced oxidative stress in rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells, a cellular model mimicking depression.

    METHODS: PC-12 cells was pre-treated with HESAE for 48 h followed by 400 μM corticosterone for 24 h to induce oxidative stress. Cells in complete medium without any treatment or pre-treated with 3.125 μg/mL desipramine served as the negative and positive controls, respectively. The cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities, aconitase activity, mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and number of apoptotic nuclei were quantified. In addition, HESAE ethanol extract was separated into fractions by chromatographic methods prior to spectroscopic analysis.

    RESULTS: We observed that PC-12 cells treated with high-dose corticosterone at 400 μM had decreased cell viability, reduced endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities, disrupted mitochondrial function, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, pre-treatment with HESAE ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/mL had increased cell viability, decreased LDH release, enhanced endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities, restored MMP, attenuated intracellular ROS and protected from ROS-mediated apoptosis. The neuroprotective effects could be attributed to significant amounts of adenosine and herierin III isolated from HESAE.

    CONCLUSIONS: HESAE demonstrated neuroprotective effects against high-dose corticosterone-induced oxidative stress in an in vitro model mimicking depression. HESAE could be a potential dietary supplement to treat depression.

    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/adverse effects*
  17. Fulltext Neuroprotective effects of 1`δ-1`-acetoxyeugenol acetate on Aβ(25-35) induced cognitive dysfunction in mice
    Jayasingh Chellammal HS, Veerachamy A, Ramachandran D, Gummadi SB, Manan MM, Yellu NR
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2019 Jan;109:1454-1461.
    PMID: 30551397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.189
    The progressive accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is neurotoxic and leads to Alzheimer's type dementia. Accumulation of Aβ has been associated with dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the effect of 1`δ-1`-acetoxyeugenol acetate (DAEA), isolated from Alpinia galanga (L.), on Aβ(25-35) induced neurodegeneration in mice. Mice were treated with three different doses of DAEA (12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) for 28 days. Aβ(25-35) was injected by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection on the 15th day of 28 days. Open field, water maze and step-down inhibitory tests were performed on the 27th day to determine the habituation memory, spatial learning, and short- and long-term memory, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Corticosterone, biogenic amines (serotonin and dopamine), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and antioxidant parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and vitamin C were evaluated in brain homogenates after behavioural tests to ascertain the cognitive improvement through neuro-immune-endocrine modulation. The DAEA treatment with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg resulted in significant (p < 0.001) improvement of habituation memory and step-down inhibitory avoidance task. In spatial learning, the cognitive improvement was significantly improved (p < 0.001) by reduction in escape latency. In the biochemical study, the significant (p < 0.001) reduction of AChE indicates the preeminent neuroprotection. Corticosterone and TNF-α were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced and biogenic amines were increased with antioxidant markers, which signify the potential influence of DAEA on neuroprotection. Our investigation revealed that the drug DAEA attenuates stress mediated through the HPA axis and regulates the neuroendocrine and neuroimmune function to improve the cognition. DAEA could be a potential lead candidate for the treatment of neurodegeneration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/metabolism
  18. Fulltext Neonatal feed restriction modulates circulating levels of corticosterone and expression of glucocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein 70 in aged Japanese quail exposed to acute heat stress
    Soleimani AF, Zulkifli I, Omar AR, Raha AR
    Poult Sci, 2011 Jul;90(7):1427-34.
    PMID: 21673157 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01403
    This study aimed to determine the effect of neonatal feed restriction on plasma corticosterone concentration (CORT), hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression, and heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 expression in aged male Japanese quail subjected to acute heat stress. Equal numbers of chicks were subjected to either ad libitum feeding (AL) or 60% feed restriction on d 4, 5, and 6 (FR). At 21 (young) and 270 (aged) d of age, birds were exposed to 43 ± 1°C for 1 h. Blood and hippocampus samples were collected to determine CORT and Hsp 70 and GR expressions before heat stress and following 1 h of heat stress, 1 h of post-heat stress recovery, and 2 h of post-heat stress recovery. With the use of real-time PCR and enzyme immunoassay, we examined the hippocampal expression of GR and Hsp 70 and CORT. The GR expression of the young birds increased following heat stress and remained consistent throughout the period of recovery. Conversely, no significant changes were noted on GR expression of aged birds. Although both young and aged birds had similar CORT before and during heat stress, the latter exhibited greater values following 1 and 2 h of recovery. Within the young group, feeding regimens had no significant effect on Hsp 70 expression. However, neonatal feed restriction improved Hsp 70 expression in aged birds. Neonatal feed restriction, compared with the AL group, resulted in higher CORT on d 21 but the converse was noted on d 270. Neonatal feed restriction appears to set a robust reactive hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal response allowing the development of adaptive, healthy, and resilient phenotypes in aged quail as measured by a higher hippocampal Hsp 70 expression along with lower CORT.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood*
  19. Naloxone and vitamin E block stress-induced reduction of locomotor activity and elevation of plasma corticosterone
    Ainsah O, Nabishah BM, Osman CB, Khalid BA
    Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes, 1999;107(7):462-7.
    PMID: 10595599
    Normal rats, on being repetitively stressed by being restrained in a tight container for two hours, had higher levels of plasma corticosterone compared to pre stress values. These rats also reacted to the stress by a behavioral response in which there was marked decrease in locomotor activity assessed by the open field test (pre stress: 71.3 +/- 2.6 squares crossed versus post stress: 14.3 +/- 2.5 squares crossed) by counting the number of squares entered by the rat over 5 minutes. By the 6th to 7th exposures to the repetitive stress, the rats adapted to the stress and had normal plasma corticosterone levels and locomotor activity scores comparable to the pre stress values. These responses to stress were completely blocked by the administration of 0.32 microg/100 g BW of naloxone i.p at 10 minutes prior to the stress. In rats fed with rat chow supplemented with 90 mg/kg rat chow or 150 mg/kg rat chow of vitamin E, there was significant reduction of the plasma corticosterone levels and improvement in the locomotor activity. Stress thus caused opioid mediated increase in plasma corticosterone and reduction in locomotor activity which could be blocked by naloxone. These stress responses probably also involved generation of oxygen free radicals which were scavenged by the vitamin E, thus reducing the effects of repetitive stress on locomotor activity and serum corticosterone levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood*
  20. Fulltext Mood and memory function in ovariectomised rats exposed to social instability stress
    Al-Rahbi B, Zakaria R, Othman Z, Hassan A, Muthuraju S, Wan Mohammad WM
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:493643.
    PMID: 23841073 DOI: 10.1155/2013/493643
    This study aims to compare the effects of social instability stress on memory and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour between sham-operated controls and ovariectomised (OVX) rats. Forty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups, (n = 10 per group). These were non-stressed sham-operated control rats, stressed sham-operated control rats, non-stressed OVX rats, and stressed OVX rats. The rats were subjected to social instability stress procedure for 15 days. Novel object recognition, open field, and forced swim tests were conducted after the stress procedure. Serum estradiol, ACTH and corticosterone levels were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Lower serum estradiol level and uterine weight with higher weight gain were observed in OVX rats compared to sham-operated controls. Serum ACTH, and corticosterone levels were higher in stressed compared to non-stressed groups. Memory deficit and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour were significantly increased in stressed compared to non-stressed OVX rats but these changes were not seen in sham-operated controls. These results suggest that the high circulating corticosterone acts synergistically with low circulating estradiol to exert negative effects on mood and memory function.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corticosterone/blood*
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