Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 72 in total

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  1. Fulltext AN INVESTIGATION OF KENAF PLANT FIBRES AS REINFORCEMENTS IN INTERWOVEN KENAF/POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET)/EPOXY HYBRID GREEN COMPOSITES
    NURUL AIMI NADIA IBRAHIM, MOHAMAD AWANG, SURIANI MAT JUSOH
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2020;2(2):23-32.
    MyJurnal
    Renewable materials have some bearing on the environment and have since increased research works related to polymer composites. This work was conducted to investigate the effects of interwoven kenaf fibres and the use of kenaf fibres in composites. In this research, interwoven between kenaf and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was prepared and epoxy was used as the polymer matrix to form composites. The kenaf fibre composites with various kenaf fibre contents (2, 5, 8, and 10 wt %) interwoven with (PET) fibres were prepared by using open mould method. The properties of kenaf/PET/epoxy composites (KPTE) were studied. The kenaf fibre composites characterization was determined based on their mechanical properties, water absorption, morphology and thermal properties. The tensile strength test was performed using Testometric machine. The finding shows that the strength increases as the amount of kenaf fibres in the composites increases. The composites with 10% kenaf fibres interwoven PET displayed the highest tensile strength (85.3 ± 2.9 MPa) while unfilled epoxy show the lowest tensile strength (64.1 ± 16.5 MPa). The addition of kenaf fibres minimally increases the water absorption up to about 1.4%. The increases of kenaf fibres also reduces the overall thermal stability of the composites compared to the PET and epoxy resin composites. The morphology properties of KPTE composites support the tensile properties surface of the composites. This study assists to propose the kenaf fibres as a potential filler for properties improvements in epoxy-based composites contributing to the development of another environment-friendly material.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  2. Fulltext Analysis of glass-reinforced epoxy material for radio frequency resonator
    Zaman MR, Islam MT, Misran N, Yatim B
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:831435.
    PMID: 24977230 DOI: 10.1155/2014/831435
    A radio frequency (RF) resonator using glass-reinforced epoxy material for C and X band is proposed in this paper. Microstrip line technology for RF over glass-reinforced epoxy material is analyzed. Coupling mechanism over RF material and parasitic coupling performance is explained utilizing even and odd mode impedance with relevant equivalent circuit. Babinet's principle is deployed to explicate the circular slot ground plane of the proposed resonator. The resonator is designed over four materials from different backgrounds which are glass-reinforced epoxy, polyester, gallium arsenide (GaAs), and rogers RO 4350B. Parametric studies and optimization algorithm are applied over the geometry of the microstrip resonator to achieve dual band response for C and X band. Resonator behaviors for different materials are concluded and compared for the same structure. The final design is fabricated over glass-reinforced epoxy material. The fabricated resonator shows a maximum directivity of 5.65 dBi and 6.62 dBi at 5.84 GHz and 8.16 GHz, respectively. The lowest resonance response is less than -20 dB for C band and -34 dB for X band. The resonator is prototyped using LPKF (S63) drilling machine to study the material behavior.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins/chemistry*
  3. Fulltext Effects of salivary pH on coating durability of two different aesthetic archwire coatings under a simulated intraoral environment
    Abdulkader YC, Kamaruddin AF, Mydin RBSMN
    Saudi Dent J, 2020 Sep;32(6):306-313.
    PMID: 32874071 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.09.010
    Objectives: This study compared the effects of normal salivary pH, and acidic pH found in patients with poor oral hygiene, on the durability of aesthetic archwire coated with epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

    Methods: The posterior parts of the archwires were sectioned into 20 mm segments (N = 102) and divided among six groups. Four groups were treated with different pH levels and two served as controls. The specimens were immersed in individual test tubes containing 10 ml of artificial saliva adjusted to a pH of 6.75 or 3.5. The tubes were sealed and stored in a 37 °C water bath for 28 days. After 28 days, the specimens were ligated to brackets embedded in an acrylic block and subjected to mechanical stress using an electronic toothbrush for 210 s. The specimens were photographed, and images were measured for coating loss using AutoCAD® software. Surface morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

    Results: Significant coating loss (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  4. Immunolabelling of prolactin at ultrastructural level using the protein A-gold technique on Epon-embedded tissue
    Ng KH, Tan KL, Gan SK, Looi LM
    Malays J Pathol, 1992 Jun;14(1):29-33.
    PMID: 1469915
    The use of the colloidal-gold technique in electron microscopy immunocytochemistry has provided important information on the in situ localisation of intracellular antigens. We have developed a post-embedding technique for prolactin localisation on resin-embedded human pituitary tissue sections by the use of the protein-A gold conjugate. Human pituitary tissue obtained at autopsy was processed for electron microscopical study without post-osmication and then embedded in Epon. The indirect immunoperoxidase method was used for light microscopical targetting of lactotroph cells for subsequent electron microscopical antigen localisation. Ultra-thin sections were labelled with human anti-human prolactin followed by protein-A gold conjugate. Specific labelling was observed over secretory granules with a density of 15-30 particles per granule, as determined by the Quantimet 570 image analysis system. This technique provides a means of studying the pathophysiology of hormonal secretion at ultrastructural level and can be a useful tool in diagnostic and research investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  5. Fulltext Application of the Gaussian Mixture Model to Classify Stages of Electrical Tree Growth in Epoxy Resin
    Mas'ud AA, Sundaram A, Ardila-Rey JA, Schurch R, Muhammad-Sukki F, Bani NA
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Apr 06;21(7).
    PMID: 33917472 DOI: 10.3390/s21072562
    In high-voltage (HV) insulation, electrical trees are an important degradation phenomenon strongly linked to partial discharge (PD) activity. Their initiation and development have attracted the attention of the research community and better understanding and characterization of the phenomenon are needed. They are very damaging and develop through the insulation material forming a discharge conduction path. Therefore, it is important to adequately measure and characterize tree growth before it can lead to complete failure of the system. In this paper, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) has been applied to cluster and classify the different growth stages of electrical trees in epoxy resin insulation. First, tree growth experiments were conducted, and PD data captured from the initial to breakdown stage of the tree growth in epoxy resin insulation. Second, the GMM was applied to categorize the different electrical tree stages into clusters. The results show that PD dynamics vary with different stress voltages and tree growth stages. The electrical tree patterns with shorter breakdown times had identical clusters throughout the degradation stages. The breakdown time can be a key factor in determining the degradation levels of PD patterns emanating from trees in epoxy resin. This is important in order to determine the severity of electrical treeing degradation, and, therefore, to perform efficient asset management. The novelty of the work presented in this paper is that for the first time the GMM has been applied for electrical tree growth classification and the optimal values for the hyperparameters, i.e., the number of clusters and the appropriate covariance structure, have been determined for the different electrical tree clusters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  6. Fulltext An investigation of microstructural, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4
    Mustaffa MS, Azis RS, Abdullah NH, Ismail I, Ibrahim IR
    Sci Rep, 2019 Oct 29;9(1):15523.
    PMID: 31664142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52233-2
    The enhancement of microwave absorbing properties in nickel zinc ferrite (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) via multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) growth is studied in this research work. Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 was initially synthesized by mechanical alloying followed by sintering at 1200 °C and the microstructural, electromagnetic and microwave characteristics have been scrutinized thoroughly. The sintered powder was then used as a catalyst to grow MWCNT derived from chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The sample was mixed with epoxy resin and a hardener for preparation of composites. The composite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 shown a maximum reflection loss (RL) of -19.34 dB at the frequency and bandwidth of 8.46 GHz and 1.24 GHz for an absorber thickness of 3 mm for losses less than -10 dB. This acquired result indicates that multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 could be used as a microwave absorber application in X-band.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  7. Fulltext Electrosprayed Multi-Core Alginate Microcapsules as Novel Self-Healing Containers
    Hia IL, Pasbakhsh P, Chan ES, Chai SP
    Sci Rep, 2016 10 03;6:34674.
    PMID: 27694922 DOI: 10.1038/srep34674
    Alginate microcapsules containing epoxy resin were developed through electrospraying method and embedded into epoxy matrix to produce a capsule-based self-healing composite system. These formaldehyde free alginate/epoxy microcapsules were characterized via light microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Results showed that epoxy resin was successfully encapsulated within alginate matrix to form porous (multi-core) microcapsules with pore size ranged from 5-100 μm. The microcapsules had an average size of 320 ± 20 μm with decomposition temperature at 220 °C. The loading capacity of these capsules was estimated to be 79%. Under in situ healing test, impact specimens showed healing efficiency as high as 86% and the ability to heal up to 3 times due to the multi-core capsule structure and the high impact energy test that triggered the released of epoxy especially in the second and third healings. TDCB specimens showed one-time healing only with the highest healing efficiency of 76%. The single healing event was attributed by the constant crack propagation rate of TDCB fracture test. For the first time, a cost effective, environmentally benign and sustainable capsule-based self-healing system with multiple healing capabilities and high healing performance was developed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  8. Fulltext A Study on Microwave Absorption Properties of Carbon Black and Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 Nanocomposites by Tuning the Matching-Absorbing Layer Structures
    Ibrahim IR, Matori KA, Ismail I, Awang Z, Rusly SNA, Nazlan R, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2020 Feb 21;10(1):3135.
    PMID: 32081972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60107-1
    Microwave absorption properties were systematically studied for double-layer carbon black/epoxy resin (CB) and Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4/epoxy resin (F) nanocomposites in the frequency range of 8 to 18 GHz. The Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via high energy ball milling with subsequent sintering while carbon black was commercially purchased. The materials were later incorporated into epoxy resin to fabricate double-layer composite structures with total thicknesses of 2 and 3 mm. The CB1/F1, in which carbon black as matching and ferrite as absorbing layer with each thickness of 1 mm, showed the highest microwave absorption of more than 99.9%, with minimum reflection loss of -33.8 dB but with an absorption bandwidth of only 2.7 GHz. Double layer absorbers with F1/CB1(ferrite as matching and carbon black as absorbing layer with each thickness of 1 mm) structure showed the best microwave absorption performance in which more than 99% microwave energy were absorbed, with promising minimum reflection loss of -24.0 dB, along with a wider bandwidth of 4.8 GHz and yet with a reduced thickness of only 2 mm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  9. Fulltext Surface profile analysis of laminated transfemoral prosthetic socket fabricated with different ratios of epoxy resin and acrylic resin
    Zainuddin NAMN, Razak NAA, Karim MSA, Osman NAA
    Sci Rep, 2023 Feb 15;13(1):2664.
    PMID: 36792914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21990-y
    Acrylic and epoxy are common types of resin used in fabricating sockets. Different types of resin will affect the internal surface of a laminated socket. This paper is to determine the best combination of ratio for epoxy and acrylic resin for a laminated prosthesis socket and to evaluate the surface profile analysis of different combinations of laminated prosthetic sockets for surface roughness. Transfemoral sockets were created using various resin-to-hardener ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 3:2, 2:3, and 1:3 for epoxy resin and 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, and 100:5 for acrylic resin. Eight layers of stockinette consisting of four elastic stockinette and four Perlon stockinette were used. A sample with a size of 4 cm × 6 cm was cut out from the socket on the lateral side below the Greater Trochanter area. The Mitutoyo Sj-210 Surface Tester stylus was run through the sample and gave the Average Surface Roughness value (Ra), Root Mean Square Roughness value (Rq), and Ten-Point Mean Roughness value (Rz). Epoxy resin shows a smoother surface compared to acrylic resin with Ra values of is 0.766 µm, 0.9716 µm, 0.9847 µm and 1.5461 µm with 3:2, 3:1, 2:1 and 2:3 ratio respectively. However, for epoxy resin with ratio 1:3, the resin does not cure with the hardener. As for acrylic resin the Ra values are 1.0086 µm, 2.362 µm, 3.372 µm, 4.762 µm and 6.074 µm with 100: 1, 100:2, 100:5, 100:4 and 100:3 ratios, respectively. Epoxy resin is a better choice in fabricating a laminated socket considering the surface produced is smoother.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins*
  10. Epoxidation and hydroxylation of liquid natural rubber
    Nur Hanis Adila Azhar, Nur Hanis Adila Azhar Hamizah Md Rasid, Siti Fairus M. Yusoff
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:485-491.
    Liquid natural rubber (LNR) was functionalized into liquid epoxidized natural rubber (LENR) and hydroxylated LNR (LNROH)
    via oxidation using a Na2
    WO4
    /CH3
    COOH/H2
    O2
    catalytic system. Microstructures of LNR and functionalized LNRs
    were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The
    effect of CH3
    COOH, H2
    O2
    , Na2
    WO4
    , reaction time and temperature. reaction time and temperature on epoxy content were
    investigated. LNR-OH was obtained when oxidation reaction was conducted at a longer reaction time, higher temperature
    or excess amount of catalyst. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reported the thermal behavior of functionalized LNRs.
    Molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  11. Rapid extraction of bisphenol a by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic
    Shan TO, Mee LN, Marinah Mohd Ariffin, Saw HL
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:615-621.
    Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor with widespread applications, especially in the production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic technique has been developed for the extraction of bisphenol A from water and soft drink. The 1-undecanol has been applied as the extraction solvent because of its low density and melting point and high affinity to the analyte. The technique offered rapid and simple analysis as the 1-undecanol was homogeneously dispersed in the sample solution to speed the extraction and the collection of extraction solvent was simplified by centrifugation, cooling and melting steps.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  12. Mechanical properties of short random oil palm fibre reinforced epoxy composites
    Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff, Mohd Sapuan Salit, Napsiah Ismail, Riza Wirawan
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39:333-336.
    This paper presents the study of mechanical properties of short random oil palm fibre reinforced epoxy (OPF/epoxy) composites. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) was selected as the fibre and epoxy as the matrix. Composite plate with four different volume fractions of oil palm fibre was fabricated, (5 vol%, 10 vol%, 15 vol% and 20 vol%). The fabrication was made by hand-lay up techniques. The tensile and flexural properties showed a decreasing trend as the fibre loading was increased. The highest tensile properties was obtained for the composite with fibre loading of 5 vol% and there were no significant effect for addition of more than 5 vol% to the flexural properties. Interaction between fibre and matrix was observed from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  13. Mechanical and thermal properties of graphene oxide filled epoxy nanocomposites
    Noorhafanita Norhakim, Sahrim Ahmad, Chin HC, Nay MH
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:603-609.
    In this study, graphene oxide (Go) filled epoxy nanocomposites were prepared using hot pressed method. The GO was produced using modified Hummers' method. The produced GO at different compositions (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt%) were mixed with epoxy before the addition of hardener using ultra-sonication. The produced epoxy nanocomposites were characterized in terms of mechanical and thermal properties. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were significantly enhanced by the addition of GO. About 50% of increment in the flexural strength of the composite sample filled with 03 wt% of GO as compared to the neat epoxy sample. However, only slight improvement in the impact strength of the composite were obtained by adding 0.1 wt% of GO.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  14. Dimensional and structural stability of gamma irradiated stacked die quad flat no leads (QFN)
    Siew PF, Wan Yusmawati Wan Yusoff, Azman Jalar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:827-832.
    The physical properties and structural stability of the Quad Flat No-Leads (QFN) package with different gamma radiation doses have been investigated. The packages were irradiated with Co-60 gamma radiation with varying doses of 5 Gy, 50 Gy, 500 Gy, 5 kGy and 50 kGy with operating dose of 2.54 kGylh at room temperature. The infinite focus microscope (IFM) was used to measure the dimensional change and slantinglwarpage behaviour, while the 3D CT Scan X-ray machine was used to determine the occurrence of deflection on a wire in package due to exposure. It is believed that radiation effect on ceramic filler in the epoxy mold compound (EMC) plays an important role to induce the defects and resulted in swelling of the package. The slantinglwarpage behaviour is believed to be caused by the swelling behaviour of ceramic filler and further induced structural stability. The induced stress on the EMC structural after the dimensional change and slantinglwarpage failure leads to the occurrence of wire sweep. The finding suggests that defect production in swelled ceramic filler leads to the occurrence of dimensional and structure instability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  15. Fracture toughness and impact strength of hollow epoxy particles-toughened polyester composite
    Low L, Abu Bakar A
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:443-448.
    Hollow epoxy particles (HEP) serving as reinforcing fillers were prepared using the water-based emulsion method in this study. HEP was incorporated into the polyester matrix at various loading, ranging from 0 wt% to 9 wt%, to toughen the brittle polyester thermoset. The polyester composites were prepared using the casting technique. The fracture toughness and impact strength of the polyester composites increased with increasing the HEP loading up to 5 wt%, after which
    there was a drop. The improvement in fracture toughness and impact strength is attributed to the good polymer-filler interaction. This finding was further supported by the scanning electron micrograph, in which it was shown that the polyester resin was interlocked into the pore regions of the HEP filler. The reduction in fracture toughness and impact strength of the polyester composite were believed to be attributed to the filler agglomeration. This filler-filler interaction would create stress concentration areas and eventually weakened the interfacial adhesion between the polymer matrix and the filler particles. Hence, lower fracture toughness and impact strength of the highly HEP-filled polyester composites (above 5 wt%) were detected.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  16. The effect of waterborne epoxy resin emulsion on the physical properties of oil well cement
    Tang X, Yang Y, Xie Y
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1543-1550.
    The main objective of this work was to investigate the influence of waterborne epoxy resin emulsion (WER) on the physical properties of oil well cement slurries. Cement slurries containing 5%, 10% and 15% of WER bwoc were compared with WER-free slurries. The rheological behavior was carried out according to API standard. Uniaxial compressive strength and shear bond strength of cement stone were evaluated at the ages of 24, 48 and 72 h. The experimental results illustrate that the addition of WER does not alter the rheological behavior. The addition of WER has increased the shear bond strength almost 52% at 24 h of aging for 10% WER bwoc when compared with unmodified slurry. The enhancement on shear bond strength was attributed to the mechanical anchoring and resin film forming at the interface
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  17. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes/woven kenaf fabric-reinforced epoxy laminated composites
    Nurul Hidayah Ismail, Mohd Hafizi Mohamad, Mariatti Jaafar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:563-569.
    This study was carried out to investigate the effect of adding 1 vol% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) into
    woven kenaf/epoxy laminated composites on their flexural properties and to compare between two techniques used to
    incorporate MWCNT into the composite which are spraying and solution techniques. Furthermore, the effect of MWCNT
    addition in woven glass/woven kenaf/epoxy hybrid composites at the same filler concentration on the flexural properties
    were also investigated. All the laminated composites with and without MWCNT were fabricated using vacuum bagging
    method. The flexural properties of the composite samples with and without MWCNT were evaluated by applying threepoint
    bending test. The results were supported by morphological observation. It was found that the addition of MWCNT
    using both spraying and solution techniques reduced the flexural strength and flexural modulus of MWCNT/woven kenaf/
    epoxy composites, with obvious reduction trend was shown by former technique. The morphological observation of the
    composites fracture surface showed that delamination failure occurred in MWCNT/woven kenaf/epoxy laminated composite
    prepared by spraying technique. Further investigation on hybrid composites showed that MWCNT/woven glass/woven
    kenaf/epoxy laminated hybrid composites exhibited significant improvement in the flexural properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  18. Fulltext Properties and Characterization of New Approach Organic Nanoparticle-Based Biocomposite Board
    Ismail I, Arliyani, Jalil Z, Mursal, Olaiya NG, Abdullah CK, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 28;12(10).
    PMID: 32998404 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102236
    Conventionally, panel boards are produced with material flex or microparticle with P.U. or U.F. as adhesives. However, in this study, nanoparticle with epoxy resin as an adhesive was used to produce nanoboard. Coconut shell nanoparticle composite with epoxy resin as an adhesive was prepared using a compression molding technique. The coconut shell particles were originally 200 mesh size and then milled mechanically with a ball mill for the duration of 10, 20, 30, and 40 h (milling times) to produce nanoparticles. The composition ratio of the composite is 85 vol.% of coconut shell and 15 vol.% of epoxy resin. The formation of nanoparticles was observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical, physical, and microstructure properties of the composite were examined with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and universal testing machine. The results established that the properties of the composite (microstructures, mechanical, and physical) are influenced by the duration of milling of coconut shell particles. The modulus and flexural strength of the composite improved with an increase in the milling time. The density, thickness swelling, and porosity of the composite were also influenced by the milling times. The result suggested that the composite properties were influenced by the particle size of the coconut shell. The coconut shell nanoparticle composite can be used in the manufacturing of hybrid panels and board.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  19. Fulltext Moisture Absorption Effects on Mode II Delamination of Carbon/Epoxy Composites
    Wong KJ, Johar M, Koloor SSR, Petrů M, Tamin MN
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 22;12(9).
    PMID: 32971855 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092162
    It is necessary to consider the influence of moisture damage on the interlaminar fracture toughness for composite structures that are used for outdoor applications. However, the studies on the progressive variation of the fracture toughness as a function of moisture content M (%) is rather limited. In this regard, this study focuses on the characterization of mode II delamination of carbon/epoxy composites conditioned at 70 °C/85% relative humidity (RH). End-notched flexure test is conducted for specimens aged at various moisture absorption levels. Experimental results reveal that mode II fracture toughness degrades with the moisture content, with a maximum of 23% decrement. A residual property model is used to predict the variation of the fracture toughness with the moisture content. Through numerical simulations, it is found that the approaches used to estimate the lamina and cohesive properties are suitable to obtain reliable simulation results. In addition, the damage initiation is noticed during the early loading stage; however, the complete damage is only observed when the numerical peak load is achieved. Results from the present research could serve as guidelines to predict the residual properties and simulate the mode II delamination behavior under moisture attack.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
  20. Fulltext Characterization of Hybrid Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch/Woven Kenaf Fabric-Reinforced Epoxy Composites
    Hanan F, Jawaid M, Paridah MT, Naveen J
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 09;12(9).
    PMID: 32916779 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092052
    In this research, the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) mat/woven kenaf fabric-reinforced epoxy composites have been investigated. The oil palm EFB/woven kenaf fabrics were varied, with weight ratios of 50/0 (T1), 35/15 (T2), 25/25 (T3), 15/35 (T4) and 0/50 (T5). The composites were fabricated using a simple hand lay-up technique followed by hot pressing. The result obtained shows that an increase in kenaf fiber content exhibited higher tensile and flexural properties. On the other hand, the opposite trend was observed in the impact strength of hybrid composites, where an increase in kenaf fiber content reduced the impact strength. This can be corroborated with the physical properties analysis, where a higher void content, water absorption and thickness swelling were observed for pure oil palm EFB (T1) composites compared to other samples. The scanning electron microscopy analysis results clearly show the different failure modes of the tensile fractured samples. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and shows significant differences between the obtained results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epoxy Resins
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