MyMedR

Antibodies against malondialdehyde (MDA) in MRL/lpr/lpr mice: evidence for an autoimmune mechanism involving lipid peroxidation

Yahya MD, Pinnas JL, Meinke GC, Lung CC

J Autoimmun, 1996 Feb;9(1):3-9.

PMID: 8845052

Previous studies have shown that lipid peroxidative processes may play a role in disease pathogenesis in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Studies were thus performed to determine if an immune response against malondialdehyde (MDA), a highly reactive byproduct of lipid peroxidation, was present in these mice. By using MDA-modified mouse serum albumin (MSA) as antigens in ELISA, we found that these mice produce high levels of MDA-specific antibodies in the complement-fixing IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses. Anti-MDA antibodies were also found in MRL/+ mice but in significantly lower levels. The specificity of these antibodies was verified by inhibition ELISA. MDA may contribute to disease pathogenesis in these mice by altering the immunogenicity of self molecules, eliciting an immune response and forming immune complexes that may deposit in tissues.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Development of immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in Malaysian children

Yadav MS, Malliga N, Ablashi DV

Microbiologica, 1987 Jan;10(1):29-35.

PMID: 3033449

The pattern of seroconversion to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was determined in 98 Malaysian children aged 2 weeks to 12 years. Maternal IgG antibodies to EBV viral capsid antigen, ranging between 1:10 to 1:160 titer, were found in 70.6 percent of infants less than three months old, and dropped to 26 percent by seven to nine months. Primary infection, as denoted by emergence of EBV-IgM antibody, occurred at 4 to 6 months, and by eight years all children were seropositive. Maternal antibody titers to EBV nuclear antigen were detected in 52.9 percent of infants less than 3 months old, declined to undetectable levels by 4 to 12 months, and then increased to 40 percent by the age of 12 years. The IgA antibody to viral capsid antigen was absent in all but one infant aged one year; the child also had IgG anti-early antigen, The IgG antibody to EBV early antigen were present in 17.7 percent of the infants aged 3 months or less. This seroconversion to EBV in early life explains the absence of infectious mononucleosis in the Malaysian population. The data suggest that a subunit vaccine to protect against EBV-associated diseases, most notably nasopharyngeal carcinoma, commonly observed in Malaysians would have to be administered to infants 6-12 months of age.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Malaria antibody levels in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Yadav M, Prasad U

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1984 Jun;15(2):234-7.

PMID: 6095462

The antibody titres to P. falciparum and Epstein-Barr Virus-associated antigens were assayed in 22 patients with NPC and 43 controls. All, but one patient had antimalarial titres; 14 had titres greater than 80 and 4 patients greater than 640. Compared to controls the mean anti-malarial titre for most age groups were higher in the patients. Those patients with high anti-malarial titres also had high IgA anti-VCA titre, an antibody which has been demonstrated to be diagnostic for NPC. The peak anti-VCA (IgG) and anti-EA (IgG) antibody titres were associated with anti-falciparum titres of 320-640 and 80-160, respectively. The results are discussed in relation to the possible association between malarial infection and etiology of NPC.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Normal plasma-immunoglobulin levels in Malaysians

Yadav M, Shah FH

Lancet, 1973 Aug 25;2(7826):450-1.

PMID: 4124938

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Variation in serum immunoglobulin G, A and M levels in Malaysian blood donors

Yadav M, Shah FH

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Sep;33(1):57-71.

PMID: 750898

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Normal serum immunoglobulin G, A and M levels in full term Malaysian newborns

Yadav M, Shah FH

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Mar;33(3):247-51.

PMID: 522730

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Serum immunoglobulin levels in the Malaysian Orang Asli

Yadav M, Shah FH, Dhaliwal SS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1978 Dec;9(4):501-9.

PMID: 751216

Serum immunoglobulin G, A, M, D and E levels were determined in the forest-dwelling Orang Asli of age group 8 to 64 years. The levels are higher than observed for urban Malaysians and comparable to levels reported for populations residing in the tropics. There was no significant difference in serum levels of all the immunoglobulins studied in both sexes. The elevated serum immunoglobulins levels are discussed in terms of the nature of the immune defence developed in the Orang Asli to contend with the many parasites prevalent in their environment.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Fulltext Early diagnosis of Dengue infection using a commercial Dengue Duo rapid test kit for the detection of NS1, IGM, and IGG

Wang SM, Sekaran SD

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2010 Sep;83(3):690-5.

PMID: 20810840 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0117

A commercial Dengue Duo rapid test kit was evaluated for early dengue diagnosis by detection of dengue virus NS1 antigen and immunoglobulin M (IgM)/IgG antibodies. A total of 420 patient serum samples were subjected to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in-house IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition assay, and the SD Dengue Duo rapid test. Of the 320 dengue acute and convalescent sera, dengue infection was detected by either serology or RT-PCR in 300 samples (93.75%), as compared with 289 samples (90.31%) in the combined SD Duo NS1/IgM. The NS1 detection rate is inversely proportional, whereas the IgM detection rate is directly proportional to the presence of IgG antibodies. The sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing acute dengue infection in the SD Duo NS1/IgM were 88.65% and 98.75%, respectively. The assay is sensitive and highly specific. Detection of both NS1 and IgM by SD Duo gave comparable detection rate by either serology or RT-PCR.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Fulltext Prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection in normal individuals and hospital patients in Kuala Lumpur

Ton SH, Thiruselvam A, Lopez CG, Noriah R

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):279-81.

PMID: 6100990

110 normal, healthy adults were tested for antibody to hepatitis A (anti-HA) type IgG and 86 (78.2%) were found to be positive. An age-specific prevalence wasfound to be lowest in the lower agegroup and highest in the higher age-group. Out of 24 IgG positive individuals, only one was found to have type IgM. No significant difference in the incidence ofanti-HA type IgG was found between 42 patients in the Urology Unit, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur and normal individuals (P > 0.1). 15 patients diagnosed as viral hepatitis were investigated for HA V IgG and IgM antibodies. 13 (86.7%) were positive for type IgG. Of this, only five (33%) were positive for the type IgM, suggesting that HA V is the cause of acute viral hepatitis in 33% of cases admitted to hospital as viral hepatitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

A case of congenital malaria in Malaysia with IgM malaria antibodies

Thomas V, Chit CW

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1980;74(1):73-6.

PMID: 7001686

Congenital malaria from Malaysia is reported here for the first time. It occurred in a baby boy born to a 16-year-old primigravida who contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy. She suffered malaria during the later stages of pregnancy and at parturition. The placenta was heavily infested with various asexual stages of P. falciparum. Gametocytes were not seen. Extensive search did not show other species. Cord blood showed very light infection with young trophozoites of P. falciparum. Serological studies using IFA technique showed specific IgG and IgM antibodies to P. falciparum in maternal cord and two early neonatal sera. These serum samples showed lower levels of IgG antibodies against P. vivax and P. malariae, but there were no specific IgM antibodies against these species. The value of specific IgM antibody in the diagnosis of congenital malaria is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

The use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitation of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) venom and venom antibodies

Tan NH, Yeo KH, Jaafar MI

Toxicon, 1992 Dec;30(12):1609-20.

PMID: 1488770

The specificity and sensitivity of an indirect and two (an 'ordinary' and a 'rapid') double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures for the quantitation of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) venom were examined. The three assays were equally sensitive and the accuracy of the assays was not substantially affected by individual variation in the venom composition. The specificity of the assays was examined against 26 venoms from snakes of the families Viperidae and Elapidae. While the double sandwich ELISA procedures were sufficiently specific to be used in the clinical immunodiagnosis of C. rhodostoma bite in Malaysia, the indirect ELISA procedure exhibited extensive cross-reactivity with other Malaysian pit viper venoms. Attempts were made to improve the specificity of the indirect ELISA procedure for the quantitation of C. rhodostoma venom. A 'low ELISA cross-reactivity' venom fraction (termed VF52) was isolated from C. rhodostoma venom by repeated Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The indirect ELISA procedure using antibodies to VF52 as immunoreagent showed an improvement in specificity. The use of the indirect ELISA procedure for the detection of C. rhodostoma antibodies was also examined and the results show that the assay was sufficiently specific to be used for retrospective diagnosis of C. rhodostoma bite in Malaysia, in particular when VF52 was used as the coating antigen.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

A seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis A in Malaysia

Tan DS, Fang R, Collett D, Ooi BG

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1986 Jun;17(2):201-4.

PMID: 3538434

Sera from 494 non-icteric patients admitted with illnesses other than overt hepatitis into the various hospitals in rural and urban Malaysia were tested for IgG antibody to hepatitis A virus. The overall antibody prevalence rate was 67.0% with rates increasing steadily from childhood 10 years old and under (39.4%) to middle-age and above (96.0%). No significant differences were noted between males (68.4%) and females (65.3%). The highest rate was in the Indians (80.6%), the lowest in the Chinese (55.9%) with Malays occupying intermediate position (70.3%). The rate in the rural patients (74.7%) was higher than that in the urban patients (65.5%) especially in the 21 to 40 year age-group where the rural patients had a rate of 96.7% compared with that in urban patients (61.1%). A comparison of antibody prevalence rates in different countries was made.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Mycobacterial antibody levels and immune restoration disease in HIV patients treated in South East Asia

Sumatoh HR, Oliver BG, Kumar M, Elliott JH, Vonthanak S, Vun MC, et al.

Biomark Med, 2011 Dec;5(6):847-53.

PMID: 22103621 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.11.79

Immune restoration disease (IRD) associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis parallels the reconstitution of a pathogen-specific Th1 response. However, it is not clear whether humoral responses to M. tuberculosis antigens also rise, or whether antibody levels predict IRD. Here, humoral immunity to M. tuberculosis antigens was investigated in four Asian cohorts.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Immunoglobulin G allotypes in Malayan aborigines

Steinberg AG, Eng LI

Hum. Hered., 1972;22(3):254-8.

PMID: 4116753

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Effect of inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on the murine splenic immune response induced by Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide

Sosroseno W, Musa M, Ravichandran M, Ibrahim MF, Bird PS, Seymour GJ

Eur J Oral Sci, 2008 Feb;116(1):31-6.

PMID: 18186729 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2007.00501.x

Animal studies suggest that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) may be associated with destructive periodontal disease. l-N(6)-(1-Iminoethyl)-lysine (L-NIL) has been shown to inhibit iNOS in a selective manner, and hence the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that treatment with l-NIL may induce a T-cell helper 1 (Th1)-like immune response by Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine spleen cells in vitro. BALB/c mice were either sham-immunized or immunized with A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS. Spleen cells were stimulated with A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS in the presence or absence of L-NIL. Nitric oxide (NO), iNOS activity, specific IgG subclass antibodies, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels and cell proliferation were determined. The results showed that treatment with L-NIL suppressed both NO production and iNOS activity but enhanced specific IgG2a, IFN-gamma levels, and increased cell proliferation following stimulation with A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-stimulated cells. The results of the present study suggest that inhibition of iNOS activity by L-NIL may skew the A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-stimulated murine splenic immune response towards the Th1-like immune profile in vitro.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Delta hepatitis in Malaysia

Sinniah M, Dimitrakakis M, Tan DS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1986 Jun;17(2):229-33.

PMID: 3787309

Sera from one hundred and fifty nine Malaysian individuals were screened for the prevalence of delta markers. These included 15 HBsAg positive homosexuals, 16 acute hepatitis B cases, 9 chronic hepatitis B patients, 13 healthy HBsAg carriers and 106 intravenous (i.v.) drug abusers, of whom 27 were positive for HBsAg only and the rest were anti-HBc IgG positive but HBsAg negative. The prevalence of delta markers in the homosexuals was found to be 6.7%, in the HBsAg positive drug abusers 17.8%, in acute hepatitis B cases 12.5%. No evidence of delta infection was detected in healthy HBsAg carriers, chronic hepatitis B cases and HBsAg negative i.v. drug abusers. With reference to i.v. drug abusers, the prevalence of delta markers was higher in Malays (23%) than in Chinese (7%) although the latter had a higher HBsAg carrier rate. Although the HBsAg carrier rate in the homosexuals was high, their delta prevalence rate was low as compared to drug abusers. In Malaysia, as in other non-endemic regions, hepatitis delta virus transmission appeared to occur mainly via the parenteral and sexual routes. This is the first time in Malaysia that a reservoir of delta infection has been demonstrated in certain groups of the population at high risk for hepatitis B.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Fulltext AuNP Coupled Rapid Flow-Through Dot-Blot Immuno-Assay for Enhanced Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Specific Nucleocapsid and Receptor Binding Domain IgG

Sil BK, Jamiruddin MR, Haq MA, Khondoker MU, Jahan N, Khandker SS, et al.

Int J Nanomedicine, 2021;16:4739-4753.

PMID: 34267520 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S313140

BACKGROUND: Serological tests detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are widely used in seroprevalence studies and evaluating the efficacy of the vaccination program. Some of the widely used serological testing techniques are enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). However, these tests are plagued with low sensitivity or specificity, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive. We developed a serological test implementing flow-through dot-blot assay (FT-DBA) for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG detection, which provides enhanced sensitivity and specificity while being quick to perform and easy to use.

METHODS: SARS-CoV-2 antigens were immobilized on nitrocellulose membrane to capture human IgG, which was then detected with anti-human IgG conjugated gold nanoparticle (hIgG-AuNP). A total of 181 samples were analyzed in-house. Within which 35 were further evaluated in US FDA-approved CLIA Elecsys SARS-CoV-2 assay. The positive panel consisted of RT-qPCR positive samples from patients with both <14 days and >14 days from the onset of clinical symptoms. The negative panel contained samples collected from the pre-pandemic era dengue patients and healthy donors during the pandemic. Moreover, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FT-DBA were evaluated against RT-qPCR positive sera. However, the overall efficacies were assessed with sera that seroconverted against either nucleocapsid (NCP) or receptor-binding domain (RBD).

RESULTS: In-house ELISA selected a total of 81 true seropositive and 100 seronegative samples. The sensitivity of samples with <14 days using FT-DBA was 94.7%, increasing to 100% for samples >14 days. The overall detection sensitivity and specificity were 98.8% and 98%, respectively, whereas the overall PPV and NPV were 99.6% and 99%. Moreover, comparative analysis between in-house ELISA assays and FT-DBA revealed clinical agreement of Cohen's Kappa value of 0.944. The FT-DBA showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% when compared with commercial CLIA kits.

CONCLUSION: The assay can confirm past SARS-CoV-2 infection with high accuracy within 2 minutes compared to commercial CLIA or in-house ELISA. It can help track SARS-CoV-2 disease progression, population screening, and vaccination response. The ease of use of the assay without requiring any instruments while being semi-quantitative provides the avenue of its implementation in remote areas around the globe, where conventional serodiagnosis is not feasible.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi antibody in mother/cord pairs of sera

Shirai A, Brown GW, Gan E, Huxsoll DL, Groves MG

Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol., 1981 Feb;34(1):37-9.

PMID: 6790744

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Fulltext Antibodies to single glycolipids and glycolipid complexes in Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes

Shahrizaila N, Kokubun N, Sawai S, Umapathi T, Chan YC, Kuwabara S, et al.

Neurology, 2014 Jul 8;83(2):118-24.

PMID: 24920848 DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000577

To comprehensively investigate the relationship between antibodies to single glycolipids and their complexes and Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes and clinical features.

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

Levels of plasma immunoglobulins in Malaysians

Shah FH, Yadav M

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1973 Dec;4(4):468-73.

PMID: 4207078

Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis

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