Displaying publications 1981 - 2000 of 3446 in total

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  1. Genetic diversity of Ostreopsis ovata (Dinophyceae) from Malaysia
    Pin LC, Teen LP, Ahmad A, Usup G
    Mar Biotechnol (NY), 2001 May;3(3):246-55.
    PMID: 14961362
    The genus Ostreopsis is an important component of benthic and epiphytic dinoflagellate assemblages in coral reefs and seaweed beds of Malaysia. Members of the species may produce toxins that contribute to ciguatera fish poisoning. In this study, two species have been isolated and cultured, Ostreopsis ovata and Ostreopsis lenticularis. Analyses of the 5.8S subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions ITS1 and ITS2 of the ribosomal RNA gene sequences of these two species showed that they are separate species, consistent with morphological designations. The nucleotide sequences of the 5.8S subunit and ITS1 and ITS2 regions of the rRNA gene were also used to evaluate the interpopulation and intrapopulation genetic diversity of O. ovata found in Malaysian waters. Results showed a low level of sequence divergence within populations. At the interpopulation level, the rRNA gene sequence distinguished two groups of genetically distinct strains, representative of a Malacca Straits group (isolates from Port Dickson) and a South China Sea group (isolates from Pulau Redang and Kota Kinabalu). Part of the sequences in the ITS regions may be useful in the design of oligonucleotide probes specific for each group. Results from this study show that the ITS regions can be used as genetic markers for taxonomic, biogeographic, and fine-scale population studies of this species.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
  2. HLA-B*15:349:02, a novel variant of HLA-B*15, discovered in a Singaporean Malay bone marrow donor
    Cho L, Kaur A, Cereb N, Lin PY, Yang KL
    HLA, 2020 09;96(3):344-345.
    PMID: 32212215 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13879
    One nucleotide substitution in codon 112 of HLA-B*15:349:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-B*15:349:02.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  3. HLA-DQB1*06:132, an HLA-DQB1*06 variant, discovered in a Singaporean Malay bone marrow donor
    Cho L, Kaur A, Cereb N, Lin PY, Yang KL
    HLA, 2020 08;96(2):243-244.
    PMID: 32250029 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13889
    One nucleotide substitution in codon 38 of HLA-DQB1*06:01:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-DQB1*06:132.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  4. HLA-B*38:64, an HLA-B*38 variant, detected in a Singaporean Malay unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor
    Cho L, Kaur A, Cereb N, Lin PY, Yang KL
    HLA, 2020 08;96(2):217-218.
    PMID: 32227685 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13873
    One nucleotide substitution in codon 89 of HLA-B*38:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-B*38:64.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  5. Discovery of HLA-B*35:368, a novel HLA-B*35 variant, in a Singaporean Malay hematopoietic stem cell donor
    Kaur A, Cho L, Cereb N, Lin PY, Yang KL
    HLA, 2020 07;96(1):94-95.
    PMID: 32166893 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13862
    DNA substitutions from codons 69 to 71 of HLA-B*35:05:01:01 result in a novel allele, HLA-B*35:368.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  6. Fulltext Coenzyme Q10, oxidative stress markers, and sperm DNA damage in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia
    Alahmar AT, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Calogero AE
    Clin Exp Reprod Med, 2021 Jun;48(2):150-155.
    PMID: 34078008 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.04084
    OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in the etiology of unexplained male infertility. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a potent antioxidant that may improve semen quality and OS in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT), but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of CoQ10 on OS markers and sperm DNA damage in infertile patients with idiopathic OAT.

    METHODS: This prospective controlled study included 50 patients with idiopathic OAT and 50 fertile men who served as controls. All patients underwent a comprehensive medical assessment. Patients and controls received 200 mg of oral CoQ10 once daily for 3 months. Semen and blood were collected and analyzed for sperm parameters, seminal CoQ10 levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), and serum hormonal profile.

    RESULTS: The administration of CoQ10 to patients with idiopathic OAT significantly improved sperm quality and seminal antioxidant status and significantly reduced total ROS and SDF levels compared to pretreatment values.

    CONCLUSION: CoQ10, at a dose of 200 mg/day for 3 months, may be a potential therapy for infertile patients with idiopathic OAT, as it improved sperm parameters and reduced OS and SDF in these patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fragmentation
  7. Simulium (Gomphostilbia) aziruni: First record of a black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) attracted to a human in Malaysia
    Izwan-Anas N, Ya'cob Z, Low VL, Lourdes EY, Ramli R, Bolongan G, et al.
    Acta Trop, 2021 Jun;218:105904.
    PMID: 33775626 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105904
    Most female black flies in the genus Simulium are blood-sucking flies and they can cause various parasitic diseases in human and animal. A total of 94 species of black flies have been reported in Malaysia, however, their biting behavior and role as vector of infectious agents remain understudied. To fill in this knowledge gap, we attempted to survey adult black flies from field populations in Peninsular Malaysia. In a survey carried out in 2017 at Tasik Kenyir, Terengganu, three females were caught while attracted and landed on human skin. Further morphological and molecular analyses showed that the specimens were identical to Simulium (Gomphostilbia) aziruni Takaoka, Hashim & Chen of the Simulium gombakense species-group. This is the first report on a black fly species attracted to human in Malaysia which serves as a steppingstone towards in-depth studies for black flies in this region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  8. Fulltext Metagenomic datasets of air samples collected during episodes of severe smoke-haze in Malaysia
    James GL, Latif MT, Isa MNM, Bakar MFA, Yusuf NYM, Broughton W, et al.
    Data Brief, 2021 Jun;36:107124.
    PMID: 34095374 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107124
    Transboundary emissions of smoke-haze from land and forest fires have recurred annually during the dry period (June to October, over the past few decades) in South East Asia. Hazardous air quality has been recorded in Malaysia during these episodes. Agricultural practices such as slash-and-burn of biomass and peat fires particularly in Sumatera and Kalimantan, Indonesia, have been implicated as the major causes of the haze. Past findings have shown that a diversity of microbes can thrive in air including in smoke-haze polluted air. In this study, metagenomic data were generated to reveal the diversity of microorganisms in air during days with and without haze. Air samples were collected during non-haze (2013A01) and two haze (2013A04 and 2013A05) periods in the month of June 2013. DNA was extracted from the samples, subjected to Multiple Displacement Amplification and whole genome sequencing (Next Generation Sequencing) using the HiSeq 2000 Platform. Extensive bio-informatic analyses of the raw sequence data then followed. Raw reads from these six air samples were deposited in the NCBI SRA databases under Bioproject PRJNA662021 with accession numbers SRX9087478, SRX9087479 and SRX9087480.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
  9. Fulltext Comparative analysis of ribosomal protein gene, el14 expression between two types of colorectal carcinoma cell lines
    Melinda, Mei Lin Lau, Edmund, Sim Ui Hang
    Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(1):13-17.
    MyJurnal
    Association between the expression of ribosomal protein (RP) genes and cancer is widely known. More specifically, the extra-ribosomal functions of RPs have been linked to carcinogenesis. The ribosomal protein gene, eL14 has been reported to be associated with malignancy of the colorectum, albeit of mechanism yet unclear. Its expression in cells derived from different tissue origin of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has never been explored. Therefore, this study aims to comparatively analyse the expression pattern of eL14 between two different CRC cell lines (DLD-1 and HCT116). It involved a conventional gene expression analysis, the Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assays. Products of RT-PCR assay were resolved via an agarose gel electrophoresis method, and band intensities of amplicons were documented and quantified using TotalLab Quant software. We observed differential expression patterns of eL14 between DLD-1 and HCT116 cells, but statistical analysis revealed insignificant differences. Therefore, the relevance of eL14 as a biomarker to distinguish between different colorectal cancer cells is suggestive but not conclusive.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
  10. Spider (Araneae) predations on white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera in subtropical rice ecosystems, China
    Wang XQ, Wang GH, Zhu ZR, Tang QY, Hu Y, Qiao F, et al.
    Pest Manag Sci, 2017 Jun;73(6):1277-1286.
    PMID: 27739189 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4459
    BACKGROUND: Spiders are effective biological control agents in rice ecosystems, but the comparative study of predations among main spider species under field conditions has not been fully explored owing to a lack of practical methodology. In this study, more than 6000 spiders of dominant species were collected from subtropical rice ecosystems to compare their predations on Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (white-backed planthopper, WBPH) using DNA-based gut content analysis.

    RESULTS: The positive rates for all spider taxa were closely related to prey densities, as well as their behaviors and niches. The relationships of positive rates to prey planthopper densities for Pardosa pseudoannulata (Böes. et Str.), Coleosoma octomaculata (Böes. et Str.), Tetragnatha maxillosa Thorell and Ummeliata insecticeps (Böes. et Str.) under field conditions could be described using saturated response curves. Quantitative comparisons of predations among the four spider species confirmed that P. pseudoannulata and C. octomaculata were more rapacious than U. insecticeps and T. maxillosa under field conditions. A comparison of ratio of spiders to WBPH and positive rates between fields revealed that biological control by spiders could be effectively integrated with variety resistance.

    CONCLUSION: Generalist spiders could follow up WBPH population timely, and assemblages of spiders coupled with variety resistance could effectively suppress WBPH population. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  11. Enhancers of Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Tibouchina semidecandra Selected on the Basis of GFP Expression
    Yong WT, Henry ES, Abdullah JO
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):115-30.
    PMID: 24575204
    Genetic engineering is a powerful tool for the improvement of plant traits. Despite reported successes in the plant kingdom, this technology has barely scratched the surface of the Melastomataceae family. Limited studies have led to some optimisation of parameters known to affect the transformation efficiency of these plants. The major finding of this study was to optimise the presence of selected enhancers [e.g., monosaccharides (D-glucose, D-galactose and D-fructose), tyrosine, aluminium chloride (AICI3) and ascorbic acid] to improve the transformation efficiency of Tibouchina semidecandra. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring the disarmed plasmid pCAMBIA1304 was used to transform shoots and nodes of T. semidecandra. Different concentrations of the transformation enhancers were tested by using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. The results obtained were based on the percentage of GFP expression, which was observed 14 days post-transformation. A combination of 120 μM galactose and 100 μM tyrosine supplemented with 600 μM AICI3 in the presence of 15 mg/l ascorbic acid gave the highest percentage of positive transformants for T. semidecandra shoots. Whereas 60 μM galactose and 50 μM tyrosine with 200 μM AICI3 in the presence of 15 mg/l ascorbic acid was optimum for T. semidecandra nodes. The presence of the hygromycin phosphotransferase II (hptII) transgene in the genomic DNA of putative T. semidecandra transformants was verified by PCR amplification with specific primers.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Primers
  12. Catharanthus roseus Aqueous Extract is Cytotoxic to Jurkat Leukaemic T-cells but Induces the Proliferation of Normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    Ahmad NH, Rahim RA, Mat I
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):101-13.
    PMID: 24575203
    Research on natural products has been widely used as a strategy to discover new drugs with potential for applications in complementary medicines because they have fewer side effects than conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of crude aqueous Catharanthus roseus extract on Jurkat cells and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aqueous extract was standardised to vinblastine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and was used to determine cytotoxicity by the MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay. DNA fragmentation assay was employed to determine if cell death was due to apoptosis. The results showed that the aqueous extract induced cell death of Jurkat cells at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, cells treated at 48 and 72 hours produced higher cytotoxic effects with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.55 μg/ml and 2.38 μg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the extract induced normal PBMC proliferation, especially after 24 hours treatment with 1000 μg/ml. This result indicates that the C. roseus crude aqueous extract showed differential effects of inhibiting the proliferation of the Jurkat cell line and promoting the growth of PBMCs. These data suggest that the extract may be applicable for modulating the normal and transformed immune cells in leukaemia patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fragmentation
  13. Genome Organization of Escherichia Phage YD-2008.s: A New Entry to Siphoviridae Family
    Sellvam D, Lau NS, Arip YM
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2018 Mar;29(1):37-50.
    PMID: 29644014 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2018.29.1.3
    Malaysia is one of the countries that are loaded with mega biodiversity which includes microbial communities. Phages constitute the major component in the microbial communities and yet the numbers of discovered phages are just a minute fraction of its population in the biosphere. Taking into account of a huge numbers of waiting to be discovered phages, a new bacteriophage designated as Escherichia phage YD-2008.s was successfully isolated using Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 as the host. Phage YD-2008.s poses icosahedral head measured at 57nm in diameter with a long non-contractile flexible tail measured at 107nm; proving the phage as one of the members of Siphoviridae family under the order of Caudovirales. Genomic sequence analyses revealed phage YD-2008.s genome as linear dsDNA of 44,613 base pairs with 54.6% G+C content. Sixty-two open reading frames (ORFs) were identified on phage YD-2008.s full genome, using bioinformatics annotation software; Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST). Among the ORFs, twenty-eight of them code for functional proteins. Thirty two are classified as hypothetical proteins and there are two unidentified proteins. Even though majority of the coded putative proteins have high amino acids similarities to phages from the genus Hk578likevirus of the Siphoviridae family, yet phage YD-2008.s stands with its' own distinctiveness. Therefore, this is another new finding to Siphoviridae family as well as to the growing list of viruses in International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) database.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
  14. Fulltext Genome organization of Eschrichia phage YD-2008.s: a new entry to siphoviridae family
    Sellvam, Dharmela, Yahya Mat Arip, Nyok, Sean Lau
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2018;29(1):37-50.
    MyJurnal
    Malaysia is one of the countries that are loaded with mega biodiversity which
    includes microbial communities. Phages constitute the major component in the microbial
    communities and yet the numbers of discovered phages are just a minute fraction of
    its population in the biosphere. Taking into account of a huge numbers of waiting to be
    discovered phages, a new bacteriophage designated as Escherichia phage YD-2008.s
    was successfully isolated using Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 as the host. Phage YD-2008.s poses icosahedral head measured at 57nm in diameter with a long non-contractile
    flexible tail measured at 107nm; proving the phage as one of the members of Siphoviridae
    family under the order of Caudovirales. Genomic sequence analyses revealed phage
    YD-2008.s genome as linear dsDNA of 44,613 base pairs with 54.6% G+C content.
    Sixty-two open reading frames (ORFs) were identified on phage YD-2008.s full genome,
    using bioinformatics annotation software; Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology
    (RAST). Among the ORFs, twenty-eight of them code for functional proteins. Thirty two are
    classified as hypothetical proteins and there are two unidentified proteins. Even though
    majority of the coded putative proteins have high amino acids similarities to phages from the
    genus Hk578likevirus of the Siphoviridae family, yet phage YD-2008.s stands with its’ own
    distinctiveness. Therefore, this is another new finding to Siphoviridae family as well as to the
    growing list of viruses in International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) database.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
  15. Fulltext Phytochemicals and Cytotoxicity of Quercus infectoria Ethyl Acetate Extracts on Human Cancer Cells
    Yusof WNSW, Abdullah H
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Apr;31(1):69-84.
    PMID: 32963712 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.1.5
    Conventional and modern cancer treatment were reported to manifest adverse effects to the patients. More researches were conducted to search for selective cytotoxic agent of plant natural product on cancer cells. The presences of wide range phytochemicals in Quercus infectoria (QI) extract have been implicated with the cytotoxic effect against various types of cancer cell which remain undiscovered. This present study aimed to evaluate cytotoxic effect of QI extracts on selected human cancer cells and then, the most potent extract was further analysed for general phytochemical constituents. QI galls were extracted successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol yielded three main extracts; n-hexane (QIH), ethyl acetate (QIEA) and methanol (QIM), respectively. The most potent extract was qualitatively analysed for the present of tannin, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Next, the extracts were tested to determine the cytotoxic activity against cervical cancer cells (HeLa), breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and liver cancer cells (Hep G2) using MTT assay. Cytotoxic activity of QI extracts against normal fibroblast (L929) cell line was also evaluated to determine the cytoselective property. Meanwhile, DMSO-treated cells served as negative control while cisplatin-treated cells served as positive control. The most potent extract then chosen to be further investigated for DNA fragmentation as hallmark of apoptosis using Hoechst staining. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannin, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. QIEA extract exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with (IC50 value = 6.33 ± 0.33 μg/mL) and showed cytoselective property against L929 cells. DNA fragmentation revealed QIEA induced apoptosis in the treated cells. The richness of phytochemical constituents in QIEA extract might contribute to the potency of cytotoxic activity towards HeLa cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Fragmentation
  16. Fulltext Population Genetic Structure of Ornate Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus hexodon) in Thailand
    Supmee V, Songrak A, Suppapan J, Sangthong P
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2021 Mar;32(1):63-82.
    PMID: 33936551 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2021.32.1.4
    Ornate threadfin bream (Nemipterus hexodon) is an economically important fishery species in Southeast Asia. In Thailand, N. hexodon decreased dramatically due to overexploitation for commercial purposes. To construct an effective sustainable management plan, genetic information is necessary. Thus, in our study, the population genetic structure and demographic history of N. hexodon were investigated using 419 bp of the mitochondrial DNA sequence in cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtDNA COI). A total of 142 samples was collected from nine localities in the Gulf of Thailand (Chonburi, Samut Songkhram, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Songkhla), and the Andaman Sea (Satun, Trang, Krabi, Phang Nga). Fourteen polymorphic sites defined 18 haplotypes, revealing a high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity among nine localities. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, pairwise F
    ST
    , and minimum spanning network result revealed that the genetic structure of N. hexodon was separated into two populations: the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea population. The genetic structure of N. hexodon can be explained by a disruption of gene flow from the geographic barrier and the Pleistocene isolation of the marine basin hypothesis. Neutrality tests, Bayesian skyline analysis, mismatch distribution, and the estimated values of population growth suggested that N. hexodon had experienced a population expansion. The genetic information would certainly help us gain insight into the population genetic structure of N. hexodon living on the coast of Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Mitochondrial
  17. Fulltext Alternative RNA Extraction Method in Vibrio vulnificus Infected BrownMarbled Grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
    Fahmeeda Mohamad Jazamuddin, Wan Mohd Aizat, Hoe-Han Goh, Chen-Fei Low, Syarul Nataqain Baharum
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2019;30(2):2012-209.
    MyJurnal
    Vibriosis is a prevalent aquatic disease caused by Vibrio species and has led to massive loss of brown-marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. The complexity of molecular mechanisms associated with immune defence can be studied through transcriptomics analysis. High quality and quantity of total RNAs are crucial for the veracity of RNA sequencing and gene expression analysis. A low quality RNA will compromise downstream analysis, resulting in loss of time and revenue to re-acquire the data again. Thus, a reliable and an efficient RNA isolation method is the first and most important step to obtain high quality RNA for gene expression studies. There are many aspects need to be considered when deciding an extraction method, such as the cost-effectiveness of the protocol, the duration of chemical exposure, the duration required for a complete extraction and the number of sample-transferring. A good RNA extraction protocol must be able to produce high yield and purity of RNA free from enzyme inhibitors, such as nucleases (RNase), phenols, alcohols or other chemicals carryover, apart from protein and genomic DNA contamination, to maintain isolated RNA integrity in storage condition. In this study, TransZolTM Up produced clean and pure RNA samples from control gills only but not from the infected gill and whole-body tissues. Modified conventional CTAB (conventional hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) method was then used as an alternative method to isolate RNA from gill and whole-body tissues of Vibrio-infected E. fuscoguttatus. Modified CTAB method produced intact RNA on gel electrophoresis with higher RIN number (>6.5) for infected gill and whole-body tissues, suggesting that this method could also be used to isolate high quality RNA from fish samples. Therefore, this method is potentially suitable to be used to extract RNA from other fish species especially those that have been infected.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Contamination
  18. Fulltext Distribution of mosquito larvae in various breeding sites in National Zoo Malaysia
    Muhammad-Aidil R, Imelda A, Jeffery J, Ngui R, Wan Yusoff WS, Aziz S, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2015 Mar;32(1):183-6.
    PMID: 25801269 MyJurnal
    Mosquitoes are principal vectors of major vector-borne diseases. They are widely found throughout urban and rural areas in Malaysia. They are responsible for various vector-borne diseases such as dengue, malaria, filariasis and encephalitis. A total of 158 mosquito larvae specimens were collected from the National Zoo, Malaysia, from 11 types of breeding habitats during the study period from end of May 2007 to July 2007. Aedes albopictus was the predominant species (35.4%), followed by Tripteroides aranoides (26.6%), Lutzia halifaxii (11.4%), Aedes alboscutellatus (10.1%), Aedes caecus (8.9%), Armigeres spp. (4.4%), Malaya genurostris (2.5%) and Culex vishnui (0.6%). It is important to have a mosquito free environment in a public place like the zoo. Routine larval surveillance should be implemented for an effective mosquito control program in order to reduce mosquito population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  19. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pet and stray cats in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Tan LP, Megat Abd Rani PA, Sharma RSK, Syed Hussain SS, Watanabe M
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Sep 01;37(3):542-550.
    PMID: 33612769 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.3.542
    Toxoplasma gondii, a zoonotic protozoan that has a worldwide distribution, is known to infect many warm-blooded vertebrates. The feline species including domestic cats are the definitive hosts for Toxoplama gondii and shed the infective oocyst. There is lack of information on the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to determine both the seroprevalence of T. gondii and the prevalence of T. gondii DNA in cats' feces in Klang Valley, Malaysia. 198 blood and 201 fecal samples were collected from pet and stray cats from the local council, Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL) and University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia respectively. The overall seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats in the Klang Valley was found to be 5.5%. There was a high prevalence (10.5%) of T. gondii DNA detected in the cat fecal samples in both pet and stray cats suggestive of T. gondii oocyst shedding. Stray cats showed a higher seroprevalence and molecular prevalence of T. gondii than the pet cats. However, comparative analysis using Chi-square test showed no significant difference between both groups (P>0.05). Higher prevalence (10.5%) of cats shedding T. gondii DNA as compared to the seroprevalence (5.5%) was found in the cat population in the Klang Valley. The high prevalence of cats shedding T. gondii DNA is alarming as this may directly reflect the number of oocysts excreted into the environment posing a significant public health hazard.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
  20. Fulltext Molecular quantitation and characterization of Vibrio cholerae from different seafood obtained from wetmarket and supermarket
    Vengadesh, L., Son, R., Yoke-Kqueen, C.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(1):45-50.
    MyJurnal
    Vibrio cholerae still represents a significant threat to human health worldwide despite the advances in hygiene, consumer knowledge, food treatment and food processing. In Malaysia, statistics in year 2009 have shown that among the food and water borne diseases, food poisoning has the highest incidence rate of 36.17 per 100,000 populations and with a mortality rate of 0.01 per 100,000 populations. In this study, 22 seafood samples comprising of fish, squid, crustacean and mollusks purchased from wet market and supermarket were analyzed. The Most Probable Number (MPN) and real time PCR was used to enumerate the Vibrio cholerae in seafood sample. The results showed that MPN-real time PCR of the samples from wet market had a maximum of >1100 MPN/g compare to 93 MPN/g enumerated from the MPN plate. The MPN-real time PCR in the samples from supermarket indicated 290 MPN/g as compared to 240 MPN/g enumerated from the MPN plate. The standard curves showed that there was a good linear correlation between the Ct values. The minimum level of detection of Vibrio cholerae standard DNA at targeted gene was 3 x 10-5 ng/μl.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
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