Citation: Guidelines for Adult Vaccination, Second Edition. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy; 2014
Older version: Guidelines for Adult Vaccination, First Edition. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy; 2003
Keywords: CPG
Citation: Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Hypertension, 5th Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2018
Training Manual: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=944
Older versions
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Hypertension, 4th Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2013
http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=634
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Hypertension, 3rd Edition. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2008
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Hypertension, 2nd Edition. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2002
Keywords: CPG
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Osteoporosis, Second Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2015
Older versions:
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Osteoporosis. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Osteoporosis Society, Malaysia; 2001
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Osteoporosis, Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Osteoporosis Society, Malaysia; 2006
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Osteoporosis, First Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2012
Keywords: CPG
Citation: Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Epilepsy 2017. Epilepsy Council, Malaysia Society of Neuroscience.
Older version: Citation: Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Epilepsy 2010. Epilepsy Council, Malaysia Society of Neuroscience.
http://www.neuro.org.my/MSN_GUIDELINE/MSN_GUIDELINE_Consensus%20Guidelines%20on%20the%20Management%20of%20Epilepsy%202010.pdf
Keywords: CPG
Citation: Guidelines for the Management of Adult HIV Infection With Antiretroviral Therapy. Third Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2011
Old version:
Second Edition (2001, revised 2004)
Keywords: CPG
Citation: Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Second Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2019
Quick Reference: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=313
Training Manual: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=315
Patient Information Leaflet: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=327
Older version:
Citation: Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), First Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2007
Keywords: CPG
Citation: Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2017
Quick Reference: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=869
Training Manual: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=904
Keywords: CPG
Citation:
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Breast Cancer, Third Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2019
Quick reference: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=462
Training manual: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=410
Patient information leaflet: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=549
Older versions: Second Edition (2010); First Edition (2002)
Keywords: CPG
Variations of the sciatic nerve have been extensively studied in the past including its relationship with the piriformis muscle and associated clinical conditions like piriformis syndrome and sciatica. In the present study we noticed some interesting variations of the sciatic nerve, which were slightly different from the cases described earlier. In the previous studies most of the authors described the higher division of sciatic nerve and none of them discussed its formation. In this study we tried to look its formation from the sacral plexus and its divisions in the thigh. We noticed that in one cadaver the two components of the sciatic nerve originated directly from the sacral plexus and coursed down without merging in the thigh. Should this be called a higher division or non formation of the sciatic nerve? On the other hand in two other cadavers, the two divisions after emerging separately from the sacral plexus, united in the gluteal region and in the thigh respectively. Should we call this as higher division or low formation of the sciatic nerve? In two other cadavers the sciatic nerve emerged from the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis and divided in the gluteal region itself. Ideally this should be called as higher division of sciatic nerve.
Wormian bones are a subset of the small intrasutural bones that lie between the cranial sutures formed by the bones of the skull vault. They are formed due to additional ossification centres in or near sutures. They are usually considered as normal variants and seem to be determined genetically in certain populations. They have been linked with rapid cranial expansion as they appear in great number in hydrocephalic skulls. They are commonly found in the lambdoid suture and fontanelles but are occasionally seen in other sutures especially the coronal, squamosal, and sagittal sutures. We examined 25 dried human skulls with the aim to find out the occurrence and variations of Wormian bones, and surprisingly we found Wormian bones in the coronal, squamosal, and sagittal sutures in 6 skulls. These are uncommon sites of occurrence of sutural bones as reported in the literature. These findings prompted us to report these cases as their presence can lead to confusion in diagnosis in cases of skull fractures.
We present the case of a 16-year-old boy presented with 2-week episode of wor-sening lower abdominal pain. Clinically, there was a tender palpable mass on the suprapubic region. Ultrasonography showed an absent spleen at its usual area, instead suprapubic mass suggestive of ectopic spleen was identified. An emer-gency laparotomy revealed a congested spleen in the pelvic cavity. Splenectomy was undertaken as it was non-viable. The patient was discharged uneventfully with triple vaccinations. We describe this unique entity with its literature review. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 400-402).
Landfills are a potential threat to human health and the environment, especially from the detrimental and toxic heavy metals. This study focuses on the assessment of heavy metals contamination in leachate and surface soils from different landfills in Malaysia. Maximum quality rating scale (QRS) values of As (787) and Cr (552) denotes progressive deterioration of leachate contamination in landfill. The impacted soils showed high heavy metal concentrations especially at non-sanitary unlined landfills, as compared to background values, and natural soil nearby the landfills. In addition, to examine the environmental impacts of the landfill area (soil) in more detail, specific indexes; geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution index (PI) and integrated pollution index (IPI) were determined. Maximum As (3.122) and Cd (2.633) for Igeo and As (34.037) and Cd (20.881) for PI revealed that the soil samples in non-sanitary landfills were moderate to strongly polluted. The difference in range of IPI values for sanitary (0.294-0.322) and non-sanitary landfill soils (1.263-1.956) confirmed advanced decline of the soil quality in non-sanitary landfills. Arsenic concentrations were found to be statistically significant (ANOVA) for leachate and impacted soil in landfills investigated. It is also important to realize that rise in metal contents in landfill environments were not only caused by anthropogenic sources such as from the waste disposed, but also some other factors such as redox conditions, anoxic environments, pH, oxidation state of metals and microbial activities. Those conditions will actively promotes leaching of metals from waste and also natural soils in the landfill.
Alpha(α)-thalassemia is a blood disorder caused by many types of inheritable α-globin gene mutations which causes no-to-severe clinical symptoms, such as Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis that leads to early foetal death. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to provide an update from year 2010 to 2020 on the prevalence of α-thalassemia in Southeast Asia. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and SCOPUS databases for related studies published from 2010 to 2020, based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Heterogeneity of included studies was examined with the I2 index and Q-test. Funnel plots and Egger's tests were performed in order to determine publication bias in this meta-analysis. Twenty-nine studies with 83,674 subjects were included and pooled prevalence rates in this meta-analysis were calculated using random effect models based on high observed heterogeneity (I2 > 99.5, p-value < 0.1). Overall, the prevalence of α-thalassemia is 22.6%. The highest α-thalassemia prevalence was observed in Vietnam (51.5%) followed by Cambodia (39.5%), Laos (26.8%), Thailand (20.1%), and Malaysia (17.3%). No publication bias was detected. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that a high prevalence of α-thalassemia occurred in selected Southeast Asia countries. This meta-analysis data are useful for designing thalassemia screening programs and improve the disease management.