Displaying publications 301 - 320 of 1281 in total

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  1. Calcareous deposits in the subdeltoid bursa
    Tan KC
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;5:60-1.
    Matched MeSH terms: Shoulder Pain
  2. Haemorrhage into a hydronephrotic sac
    Day LF
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1932;7:61-2.
    Matched MeSH terms: Abdominal Pain
  3. Does inappropriate prescribing affect elderly patients' quality of life? A study from a Malaysian tertiary hospital
    Akkawi ME, Nik Mohamed MH, Md Aris MA
    Qual Life Res, 2019 Jul;28(7):1913-1920.
    PMID: 30830646 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02153-5
    PURPOSE: To investigate the association between potentially inappropriate medication (PIM)/potential prescribing omission (PPO) and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among community-dwelling hospitalized elderly patients.

    METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that took place in a Malaysian tertiary hospital. Patients ≥ 65 years old with at least one medication on admission were recruited. The patients' prehospitalization medications were reviewed to identify PIMs/PPOs using version 2 of the STOPP/START criteria. HRQoL was assessed using the EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D) and EuroQol-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). The association between the presence of PIM/PPO and the patients' HRQoL was analyzed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Multiple linear regression models were applied to determine the effect of exposure to PIM/PPO on the patients' HRQoL, adjusting for confounders.

    RESULTS: Out of 517 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 502 patients (97%) accepted to be involved in the study and completed the HRQoL questionnaire. The mean (SD) age was 72.4 (5.9) years. 393 (78.3%) of the patients had problems in at least one EQ-5D dimension with pain/discomfort problem being the most reported complaint. The mean (SD) values of the EQ-5D index and the EQ-VAS were 0.734 (0.214) and 59.6 (14.2), respectively, which are lower than those seen in the general Malaysian population. PIM and PPO were found in 28.5% and 45.6% of the patients, respectively. No significant differences were found in the EQ-5D dimensions, EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS between patients who had PIM/PPO and those who did not. Age, sex, and comorbidities were significantly associated with the patients' HRQoL.

    CONCLUSION: PIM and PPO are not uncommon among hospitalized elderly patients; however, it does not significantly affect their HRQoL as measured by the EQ-5D-3L instrument.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pain/drug therapy*; Pain Management/methods
  4. Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology: a development protocol
    Nagendrababu V, Kishen A, Murray PE, Nekoofar MH, de Figueiredo JAP, Priya E, et al.
    Int Endod J, 2019 Sep;52(9):1290-1296.
    PMID: 30985938 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13125
    The regulated use of animals in endodontic research is often necessary to investigate the biological mechanisms of endodontic diseases and to measure the preclinical efficacy, biocompatibility, toxicology and safety of new treatments, biomaterials, sealers, drugs, disinfectants, irrigants, devices and instruments. Animal testing is most crucial in situations when research on humans is not ethical, practical or has unknown health risks. Currently, there is a wide variability in the quality of manuscripts that report the results of animal studies. Towards the goal of improving the quality of publications, guidelines for preventing disability, pain, and suffering to animals, and enhanced reporting requirements for animal research have been developed. These guidelines are referred to as Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE). Henceforth, causing any form of animal suffering for research purposes is not acceptable and cannot be justified under any circumstances. The present report describes a protocol for the development of welfare and reporting guidelines for animal studies conducted in the specialty of Endodontology: the Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) guidelines. The PRIASE guidelines will be developed by adapting and modifying the ARRIVE guidelines and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publication (CLIP) principles. The development of the new PRIASE guidelines will include a five-step consensus process. An initial draft of the PRIASE guidelines will be developed by a steering committee. Each item in the draft guidelines will then be evaluated by members of a PRIASE Delphi Group (PDG) for its clarity using a dichotomous scale (yes or no) and suitability for its inclusion using a 9-point Likert scale. The online surveys will continue until each item achieves this standard, and a set of items are agreed for further analysis by a PRIASE Face-to-face Consensus Meeting Group (PFCMG). Following the consensus meeting, the steering committee will finalize and confirm the PRIASE guidelines taking into account the responses and comments of the PFCMG. The PRIASE guidelines will be published and disseminated internationally and updated periodically based on feedback from stakeholders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  5. Fulltext Infusion phlebitis assessment method used in paediatric setting: a systematic review of literature
    Li Tsu Chong, Deena Clare Thomas, Renie Martha Joanes, Rose A Nain
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):62-0.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Phlebitis may localise to the insertion site or travel along the vein. The risk of phlebitis is higher in children as they have thin and weak blood vessels and move continuously due to the pain associated with insertion. Therefore, regular assessment of the risk of developing phlebitis is crucial. This review aimed to identify infusion phlebitis assessment tool used in the paediatric setting. Methods: Electronic databases used were Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. A total of ten studies which assess the development of infusion phlebitis on hos- pitalised children included in this reviewed. Study findings were discussed and concluded with a recommendation for clinical practice and future studies. Results: Phlebitis development rate was the primary outcome measures in ten studies. Of ten studies, six provided no actual definition of phlebitis. Eight reported phlebitis incidence and/or severity, eight used a scale and two used a definition alone in assessing the development of phlebitis. This review identified five different phlebitis assessment scales. Conclusion: Although there are applicable phlebitis scales can be used for paediatric setting, Limited studies have been conducted on infusion phlebitis assessment method in chil- dren. Therefore, it is suggested that more studies and vigorous test needed to identify applicable assessment tools in paediatric setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  6. Contralateral Effects of Eccentric Exercise and DOMS of the Plantar Flexors: Evidence of Central Involvement
    Marathamuthu S, Selvanayagam VS, Yusof A
    Res Q Exerc Sport, 2020 Sep 25.
    PMID: 32976088 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1819526
    Purpose: Peripheral and central factors play important roles in the reduction of motor performance following damaging eccentric exercise and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Following this regime, contralateral limbs could also be affected; however, the factors involved remain inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to distinguish the peripheral and central factors following eccentric contraction and DOMS of the plantar flexors in treated and contralateral homologous limbs. Methods: Ten males (BMI = 25.08 ± 1.69kgm-2; age = 28.70 ± 4.24 years) were randomly assigned to experimental (DOM) or control (CON) groups. The DOM group performed a damaging eccentric exercise, while the CON group rested. Plasma creatine kinase (CK), pain rating scale (PRS), muscle stiffness, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and neural voluntary activation (VA) were measured before, after 10 min, and after 24, 48, and 72 hr on treated and contralateral limbs. Results: Following exercise, CK increased until after 48 hr, while PRS increased until after 72 hr compared to the CON group. Importantly, MVC was reduced at all time points, with the greatest reduction observed after 24 hr (-16%), while VA was affected until after 48 hr, with the greatest reduction at after 10 min (-7%). Interestingly, a "cross-over effect" was observed in contralateral limbs when PRS, MVC, and VA were negatively affected following the same pattern (time line) as treated limbs (-13% peak MVC reduction; -3.5% peak VA reduction). Conclusion: These findings suggest a substantial central contribution to the reduction in force immediately following eccentric exercise and to a lesser extent during the latter part of DOMS in both treated and contralateral limbs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain Measurement
  7. Exploration of Patient-Related Barriers to Effective Cancer Pain Management in a Diverse Multicultural Developing Country
    Kiu DKL, Lee ZFD, Voon PJ
    J Pain Symptom Manage, 2021 07;62(1):75-80.
    PMID: 33197524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.11.011
    CONTEXT: Cancer pain prevalence is high despite well-established international guidelines on pain management and improved accessibility to treatment. Inadequate cancer pain management can be attributed to barriers related to patients, health care professionals, and health care system.

    OBJECTIVES: To identify patient-related barriers to effective cancer pain management in a diverse multicultural developing country.

    DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey study was carried out using Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form to measure effectiveness of pain management and Barriers Questionnaire II to explore patient-related barriers to effective pain management.

    SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Patients on strong opioids treated in a comprehensive cancer unit of a public hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia.

    RESULTS: Among 133 subjects surveyed, 66% reported no pain or mild pain, 34% moderate pain, and 10% severe pain. Despite good pain control, 71% of patients still reported moderate-to-severe interference with daily activities. Fatalism scored the highest median Barriers Questionnaire II score among the four domains of patient-related barriers followed by harmful effects, physiological effects, and communication factor.

    CONCLUSION: Cancer pain is generally well controlled with more than half of patients reporting mild pain. However, degree of interference with daily activities is still high despite good cancer pain control. Fatalistic mentality need to be addressed for effective cancer pain management. Further studies on health care professional-related barriers and health system-related barriers are urgently needed to provide a comprehensive approach of holistic pain management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pain Management
  8. Perineal skin tear repair following vaginal birth; skin adhesive versus conventional suture - a randomised controlled trial
    Dasrilsyah RA, Kalok A, Ng BK, Ali A, Teik Chew K, Lim PS
    J Obstet Gynaecol, 2021 Feb;41(2):242-247.
    PMID: 32530340 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1740917
    This was a prospective randomised controlled trial comparing the effects of first-degree perineal tear repair using adhesive glue versus conventional suturing in terms of pain score, wound complication and patient's satisfaction. One hundred and twenty one women were randomised. The skin adhesive group had a significantly lower pain score at rest as well as during sitting, walking and micturition during the first week of delivery compared to the suture group. The time taken to become pain free was significantly shorter in the tissue adhesive group (3.18 vs. 8.65 days, p < .001). Only two patients who had skin glue experienced wound gaping. No significant difference was observed in the level of satisfaction between the adhesive and suture groups. Tissue adhesive is better than subcuticular suture for repairing first-degree perineal tear as it causes less pain and has shorter recovery time.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject. First- and second-degree tears following vaginal delivery are common and involved a third of women. Suturing of these tears is advocated to avoid wound gaping and poor healing.What the results of this study add. For first-degree tear repair, tissue adhesive is better than conventional suture in terms of pain reduction and recovery time.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research. Skin adhesive is an ideal method for first-degree perineal tear repair especially in out of hospital settings such as home birth or midwifery-led centre. A larger scale study is needed to establish its feasibility for second- and third-degree tears repair.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain Measurement/methods; Pain Management/methods
  9. Fulltext Outbreak of pneumonia in an army recruit training centre, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, July-August, 2000
    Mohamed Paid, Y., Muhammad Amir, K., Mustafa Bakri, A., Low, S.H.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(1):35-0.
    MyJurnal
    An outbreak of pneumonia occurred among 1,491 recruits undergoing training at the Army Recruit Training Center, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembihxn, between july to August 2000. They had reported for training 2 weeks before and were placed in new modern concrete 4 floors buiMing with well ventilated dorm. A total of 70 recruits were ajjfected and one died. The attack rate was 4.7% and the case fatality rate was 1.4%. The outbreak ajfected recruits from all the jive companies; J (21/299,
    30.0%) , G (19/298, 27.1 %), I (14/298, 20.0%), H (13/298, 18.6%) and F (3/298, 4.3%) . The main presenting symptoms were fever (68/70, 97.1%), cough (62/70, 88.6%), and chest pain (35/70, 50 .0%) . This was a common site outbreak with the mode of spread from person to person through infected droplet. The outbreak has three peaks, which was at lst, 4th and 6th week respectively and lasted for eight weeks. The organisms isobted through blood culture were Streptococcal pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All the cases were managed and treated as in-patients at four dijjferent hospitals depending on the severity of the illness. The main control activities carried out were separation of ill recruits from the healthy, reducing the number of recruits in the dormitories and encourage recruits to drink a lot of water while in training.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chest Pain
  10. Malrotated Subhepatic Caecum with Subhepatic Appendicitis: Diagnosis and Management
    Chong HC, Chai FY, Balakrishnan D, Asilah SM, Adila IN, Syibrah KZ
    Case Rep Surg, 2016;2016:6067374.
    PMID: 27648337
    Subhepatically located caecum and appendix is a very rare entity. It occurs due to the anomaly in fetal gut rotation that results in an incomplete rotation and fixation of the intestine. Appendicitis, which is a common surgical emergency, in combination with the abnormal subhepatic location, presents a great challenge in its diagnosis and management. Here, we describe a 42-year-old male with chronic dyspepsia who presented with sepsis and severe pain at his right hypochondriac and epigastric region. The final diagnosis was acute appendicitis of the subhepatic appendix. Our discussion focuses on the diagnostic approach and clinical and surgical management. We hope that our report will increase the awareness among the clinicians and hasten the management of such rare condition to avoid complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  11. Fulltext Relative efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and topical capsaicin in osteoarthritis: protocol for an individual patient data meta-analysis
    Persson MS, Fu Y, Bhattacharya A, Goh SL, van Middelkoop M, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, et al.
    Syst Rev, 2016 Sep 26;5(1):165.
    PMID: 27686859
    BACKGROUND: Pain is the most troubling issue to patients with osteoarthritis (OA), yet current pharmacological treatments offer only small-to-moderate pain reduction. Current guidelines therefore emphasise the need to identify predictors of treatment response. In line with these recommendations, an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis will be conducted. The study aims to investigate the relative treatment effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and topical capsaicin in OA and to identify patient-level predictors of treatment response.
    METHODS: IPD will be collected from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of topical NSAIDs and capsaicin in OA. Multilevel regression modelling will be conducted to determine predictors for the specific and the overall treatment effect.
    DISCUSSION: Through the identification of treatment responders, this IPD meta-analysis may improve the current understanding of the pain mechanisms in OA and guide clinical decision-making. Identifying and prescribing the treatment most likely to be beneficial for an individual with OA will improve the efficiency of patient management.
    SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
    CRD42016035254.
    KEYWORDS: Capsaicin; Individual patient data meta-analysis; NSAIDs; Osteoarthritis; Topical
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  12. Fulltext “Medicated oxygen” – the wonder drug for anxious children
    Niekla S. Andiesta, Zeinab Abbas Hasan, Chooi Gait Toh
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2013;7(2):47-50.
    MyJurnal
    Pain and anxiety management is of paramount importance in dentistry especially for child patients. The term “Medicated Oxygen” or “Magic Air” refers to a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen gases that is commonly used for partial sedation in pediatric dental populations. The gas is colorless and virtually odorless with a faint, sweet smell. Nitrous oxide sedation is administered by inhalation, absorbed by diffusion through the lungs, and eliminated via respiration. In children, sedation may accelerate the delivery of dental treatment that requires patient serenity and may allow the patient to tolerate unpleasant procedures by reducing anxiety, discomfort, or pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  13. Fulltext The relationship between carrying activity and low back pain: a critical review of biomechanics studies
    Hanif Farhan, M. R., White, P. J, Warner, M., Adam, J. E.
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2015;13(2):1-10.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this review was to systematically explore the underlying musculoskeletal biomechanical mechanisms of carrying and to describe its potential relationship with low back pain. This literature review was carried out using AMED, CINAHL, Compendex and MEDLINE electronic databases. Articles published from 2004 to 2012 were selected for consideration. Articles were considered if at least one measurement of kinetics, kinematics or other related musculoskeletal parameters related to biomechanics were included within the study. After combining the main keywords, 677 papers were identified. However, only 10 studies met all the inclusion criteria. Age, body mass index, gender and level of physical activity were identified as the factors that may influence the biomechanics of carrying activity. Carrying a loaded backpack was reported leading to posterior pelvic tilt, reduced lumbar lordosis, but increased cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis and trunk forward lean. Furthermore, while carrying bilaterally, lumbo-pelvic coordination was also reported to be more in-phase, as well as reduced coordination variability in transverse plane. Future studies investigating the biomechanics of a standardized carrying activity for clinical test are recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Low Back Pain
  14. Fulltext Integrated Care Pathway (ICP) on management of Occupational Related Chronic Low Back Pain (OCLBP) in Malaysia: a critical review
    Shahruz Idzwan Azmi, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Noor Hassim Ismail
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(2):60-68.
    MyJurnal
    Occupational Related Chronic Low Back Pain (OCLBP) is a globally recognized illness that causes reduction in productivity and substantial economic burden to the countries. It requires a multidisclipinary approach involving employer, healthcare provider, compensatory and enforcement agencies. However there is no specific guideline or pathway that has integrated the roles of each responsible agency. The objective of this article is to highlight the need and to propose a coordinated approach through the concept of Integrated Care Pathway (ICP). Therefore, we reviewed international and local guidelines as well as published articles on chronic low back pain and care pathway. We believed that development of a pathway will be able to organize the role of management at every level, reducing the variations in the management, addressing issues of communicating the findings between the responsible stakeholders, fulfilling the requirements as the laws, allows effective and feasible approaches to take place in terms of cost and practicality, and increase the awareness on occupational diseases. Expected challenges such as limitation of resources, unawareness and lack of understanding on OCLBP from every level are issue that we agreed can be bridged through ICP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Low Back Pain
  15. Fulltext Ischial Tuberosity Tuberculosis : An Unusual Location andPresented as Chronic Gluteal Abscess
    Krishnan, H., Yoon, T.R., Park, K.S.
    Malays Orthop J, 2010;4(1):42-45.
    MyJurnal
    This case report describes an unusual case of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of the ischial tuberosity presenting with chronic gluteal pain of 4 years duration. The patient presented when the pain became intolerable; at that time, the ischial tuberosity was debrided and curetted while incision and drainage were used to treat the gluteal abscess. Antituberculosis chemotherapy was administered (for a period of one year) following histopathological confirmation of tuberculosis. At four yearspostoperatively, the patient has no pain and is symptom free. Furthermore, radiographs shows that the right ischial tuberosity osteomyelitis has healed. Prompt diagnosis and treatment resulted in a good clinical outcome in this patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  16. Fulltext Localised pigmented villonodular synovitis presenting as anterior knee pain
    Goh JH, Saravanan S, Ng WM, Looi LM, Ali R
    Malays Orthop J, 2010;4(1):50-52.
    MyJurnal
    We report a case of a 21 years old female who presented with a history of anterior knee pain for previous 3 months. Pain was localized to the anteromedial aspect of the left knee and aggravated by flexion. Clinical examination revealed a 2x2cm painful lump on the anteromedial aspect of the left medial condyle with no effusion. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an anterosuperior tear of the medial collateral ligament. The patient subsequently underwent left knee arthroscopic examination. Two yellowish pedunculated masses arising from the anteromedial portion of the synovium were discovered and completely excised. Histopathological examination of the excision biopsy revealed pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) with marked central necrosis. One year post excision, she is well with no signs or symptoms of recurrence. This case highlights an uncommon cause of anterior knee pain. Localized PVNS typically presents with mechanical symptoms, however, pain could arise from pedicle torsion and necrosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  17. Fulltext Combined ultrasound and IVU for the management of childhood Urolithiasis: a case report
    Fathinul Fikri, A.S., Abdul Jalil Nordin
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(2):327-330.
    MyJurnal
    The incidence of ureteric calculus as a cause for severe abdominal pain in children is mounting, especiallyin the tropical country. The course of illness may be non-specific but a swift detection via non-invasiveimaging modalities singly or in combination may avert unnecessary radiation hazard and futile surgery ina young child. In this paper, we discussed a case of an 11 year-old boy who was presented with a suddenonset of the right side severe abdominal colic whose a bedside ultrasound was positive for hydronephrosisfor which localisation of stone was further confirmed via a low dose limited intravenous urography (IVU).It is important to note that data available on the value of a combined ultrasound and the limited IVU inan emergency setting when urolithiais is being suspected in children with abdominal pain are particularlyscarce. Hence, this case documented the potential value of a combined ultrasound and a limited IVUstudy as a unique combined armamentarium used in a suspected childhood urolithiasis in the tropics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Abdominal Pain
  18. Fulltext Myositis Ossificans in a 4-year-old Child
    Boo, H.W., Vasanthie, B., Zulkifli, O.
    Malays Orthop J, 2010;4(3):19-21.
    MyJurnal
    Sprengel’s shoulder and myositis ossificans (MO) are rarely seen concomitantly. This report is about a rare case in a 4 year-old girl who presented with right shoulder deformity and pain associated with right proximal arm swelling.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  19. Fulltext An evaluation of practices, perceptions and understanding about use of acetaminophen (paracetamol) among malaysian consumers: a qualitative study
    Tan SF, Chong CP, Chooi WT
    Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2015;13(1):25-41.
    MyJurnal
    An assessment on the use of acetaminophen (paracetamol) among consumers would
    provide guidance for implementing strategies to overcome the misuse of acetaminophencontaining
    products. This study aims to evaluate Malaysian consumers’ practices,
    perceptions and understanding regarding the use of acetaminophen. A semi-structured
    qualitative study utilising face-to-face interviews was conducted among 14 consumers
    aged 24 to 82 years old who live in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Transcripts of all the
    interviews were generated from audio tapes and were analysed for the issues and themes
    emerging from the text; the transcripts were independently coded and verified by experts.
    The consumers had a positive attitude towards the popularity, safety and efficacy of
    acetaminophen. The consumers predominantly used acetaminophen for pain and fever.
    Some consumers tended to increase the frequency and dosage of acetaminophen
    consumption if their condition persisted. Consumers had difficulty recognising the generic
    acetaminophen-containing products available in the market. Health literacy investigations
    have found that consumers have a lack of knowledge regarding the correct dosing
    regimen for acetaminophen in adults and children. The consumers were not aware of the
    precautions and toxicities of acetaminophen. To increase awareness of acetaminophen
    poisoning in Malaysia, the consumers suggested that educational tools regarding the
    proper use of acetaminophen are needed from the Ministry of Health and policy-makers.
    The information gained from this study emphasises the importance of educational
    interventions to educate the public on the proper use of acetaminophen in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
  20. Fulltext Ganglion of the Flexor Tendon Sheath at the A2 Pulley - Case Report
    Gunaseelan P, Jeremy P, Chua CK, Rashdeen F
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Mar;9(1):28-29.
    PMID: 28435592 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1503.002
    There are few reported cases of flexor tendon sheath ganglion arising from the A2 pulley. We report a case of a flexor tendon sheath ganglion in a 17-year old female who presented with pain, triggering and a swelling at the base of her right ring finger. During the excision biopsy, a ganglion measuring 0.5×0.8×0.4 cm in size was removed from the A2 pulley area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain
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