Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 218 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Telemetric EEG and the rat: a guide for neuroscientists
    Abdullah JM, Rafiqul Islam M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2012 Oct;19(4):1-5.
    PMID: 23613643
    Telemetric EEG in the rat's brain has been used for experiments which tests the effects of an antiepileptic compound on it's antiseizures activity. A simple classification correlating epileptiform discharge and Racine's behavioral activity is discussed.
  2. Gene frequencies of human platelet alloantigens in Kelantan, Malaysia
    Bhaskar S, Abdullah JM, Yusoff NM, Prasad A
    Singapore Med J, 2007 Jun;48(6):598-9.
    PMID: 17538770
  3. Fulltext Malignant rhabdoid tumour of the brain
    Abdullah JM, Rahman ZA, Ariff AR, Jaafar H, Phang KS
    Singapore Med J, 2004 Jun;45(6):286-8.
    PMID: 15181525
    Rhabdoid tumour is a rare childhood tumour with poor prognosis. We report a 13-month-old Malay girl suffering from this tumour that was located at the left fronto-temporo-parietal region of the brain. Computed tomography showed a large irregular enhancing mass that caused obstructive hydrocephalus. The tumour did not reduce in size after three operations and finally the patient succumbed to the disease four months after diagnosis.
  4. Fulltext Updates on knowledge, attitude and preventive practices on tuberculosis among healthcare workers
    Abd Wahab F, Abdullah S, Abdullah JM, Jaafar H, Md Noor SS, Wan Mohammad WMZ, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Nov;23(6):25-34.
    PMID: 28090176 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.6.3
    Ranking as the most communicable disease killer worldwide, tuberculosis, has accounted with a total of 9.6 million new tuberculosis cases with 1.5 million tuberculosis-related deaths reported globally in 2014. Tuberculosis has remain as an occupational hazard for healthcare workers since 1920s and due to several tuberculosis outbreaks in healthcare settings in the early 1990s, the concern about the transmission to both patients and healthcare workers has been raised. Healthcare workers have two to three folds greater the risk of active tuberculosis than the general population. Several studies on knowledge, attitude and practices on tuberculosis among healthcare workers worldwide have revealed that majority of the participated healthcare workers had good knowledge on tuberculosis. Most of the healthcare workers from South India and South Africa also reported to have positive attitude whereas a study in Thailand reported that most of the healthcare providers have negative attitude towards tuberculosis patients. Nevertheless, majority of the healthcare workers have low level of practice on tuberculosis prevention. An improved communication between healthcare workers and the patients as well as their families is the key to better therapeutic outcomes with good knowledge, attitude and preventive practice towards tuberculosis.
  5. Modelling COVID-19 Scenarios for the States and Federal Territories of Malaysia
    Ahmad NA, Mohd MH, Musa KI, Abdullah JM, Othman NA
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Oct;28(5):1-9.
    PMID: 35115883 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.5.1
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19 disease, which has become pandemic since December 2019. In the recent months, among five countries in the Southeast Asia, Malaysia has the highest per-capita daily new cases and daily new deaths. A mathematical modelling approach using a Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) technique was used to generate data-driven 30-days ahead forecasts for the number of daily cases in the states and federal territories in Malaysia at four consecutive time points between 27 July 2021 and 26 August 2021. Each forecast was produced using SSA prediction model of the current major trend at each time point. The objective is to understand the transition dynamics of COVID-19 in each state by analysing the direction of change of the major trends during the period of study. The states and federal territories in Malaysia were grouped in four categories based on the nature of the transition. Overall, it was found that the COVID-19 spread has progressed unevenly across states and federal territories. Major regions like Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Negeri Sembilan were in Group 3 (fast decrease in infectivity) and Labuan was in Group 4 (possible eradication of infectivity). Other states e.g. Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Kelantan and Johor were categorised in Group 1 (very high infectivity levels) with Perak, Kedah, Pahang, Terengganu and Melaka were classified in Group 2 (high infectivity levels). It is also cautioned that SSA provides a promising avenue for forecasting the transition dynamics of COVID-19; however, the reliability of this technique depends on the availability of good quality data.
  6. Molecular genetic analysis of BAX and cyclin D1 genes in patients with malignant glioma
    Abdullah JM, Ahmad F, Ahmad KA, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, Ideris A, et al.
    Neurol Res, 2007 Apr;29(3):239-42.
    PMID: 17509221
    Brain tumorigenesis is a complex process involving multiple genetic alterations. Cyclin D1 and BAX genes are two of the most important regulators in controlling the normal proliferation and apoptosis of cells, respectively. In this study, we analysed the possibilities of involvement of cyclin D1 and BAX genes in the gliomagenesis.
  7. Fulltext Characteristics and clinical predictors of minor head injury in children presenting to two Malaysian accident and emergency departments
    Chan HC, Aasim WA, Abdullah NM, Naing NN, Abdullah JM, Saffari MH, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 2005 May;46(5):219-23.
    PMID: 15858690
    Paediatric minor head injuries (MHI) are just as common in both bigger and smaller towns in Malaysia. Urban-based MHI are due more to motor vehicular injuries compared to rural-based MHI which are mainly due to non-motor vehicular injuries. The main objectives of this study were to compare incidence of admitted patients to accident and emergency departments of hospitals in two different settings in Malaysia, namely: Ipoh (urban-based) and Kota Bharu (rural-based); and to correlate to demographical characteristics, types of accident, clinical signs and symptoms, radiological and computed tomography (CT) findings, management; and finally, to determine clinical predictors of intracranial injury in MHI.
  8. Fulltext Comparing the Outcomes of Early and Late Tracheostomy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patient
    Ismail MI, Idris Z, Abdullah JM, Rahman NAA, Nordin M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Aug;28(4):63-70.
    PMID: 34512131 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.4.7
    Background: Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) were expected to have poor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) recovery and prolonged intubation. Therefore, an early tracheostomy procedure was indicated for all severe TBI. In view of growing concern regarding the safety and outcome of early tracheostomy on these patients, it was deemed valid and needed to be addressed.

    Methods: This study was conducted to compare the outcomes of early and late tracheostomies in severe TBI. Only severe TBI patients who were admitted to the Neurosurgery High Dependency Unit (NHDU), Hospital Sultanah Aminah (HSA), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia and who had underwent a tracheostomy were recruited. Three main outcomes noted: duration on ventilation, length of NHDU stay and rate of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP).

    Results: Out of 155 patients, 72 (46.5%) were in early tracheostomy group (ETG) and 83 (53.5%) were in late tracheostomy group (LTG). The majority of the participants, 95 (61.3%) were ethnic Malays. The mean duration on ventilator use was 2.65 days (1.57) for ETG and 5.63 days (2.35) for LTG. While, mean NHDU stay was 4.75 days (1.98) for ETG and 9.77 days (2.70) for LTG. Upon independent t-test, early duration of tracheostomies had shown significant outcome in reducing length of NHDU stay, (P < 0.001) and had shortening participants' time on mechanical ventilator (P < 0.001). Then, based on forward multiple logistic regression test, there were significant association between comorbid (P = 0.003) and tracheostomy (P = 0.020) towards presence of VAP when adjusted for other variables.

    Conclusion: In this study it was found that early tracheostomy was significant in shortening the duration on ventilator, reducing the length of NHDU stay and reducing the rate of VAP.

  9. Fulltext Characterization and Cellular Internalization of Spherical Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) into Normal and Cancerous Fibroblasts
    Shazali NAH, Zaidi NE, Ariffin H, Abdullah LC, Ghaemi F, Abdullah JM, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Oct 04;12(19).
    PMID: 31590332 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193251
    The aim was to isolate cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from commercialized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose nanofibre (CNF) through sulphuric acid hydrolysis and explore its safeness as a potential nanocarrier. Successful extraction of CNC was confirmed through a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transmission infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry analysis. For subsequent cellular uptake study, the spherical CNC was covalently tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), resulting in negative charged FITC-CNC nanospheres with a dispersity (Ð) of 0.371. MTT assay revealed low degree cytotoxicity for both CNC and FITC-CNC against C6 rat glioma and NIH3T3 normal fibroblasts up to 50 µg/mL. FITC conjugation had no contribution to the particle's toxicity. Through confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), synthesized FITC-CNC manifested negligible cellular accumulation, indicating a poor non-selective adsorptive endocytosis into studied cells. Overall, an untargeted CNC-based nanosphere with less cytotoxicity that posed poor selectivity against normal and cancerous cells was successfully synthesized. It can be considered safe and suitable to be developed into targeted nanocarrier.
  10. Association of loss of heterozygosity and PTEN gene abnormalities with paraclinical, clinical modalities and survival time of glioma patients in Malaysia
    Abdullah JM, Farizan A, Asmarina K, Zainuddin N, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, et al.
    Asian J Surg, 2006 Oct;29(4):274-82.
    PMID: 17098662
    The pattern of allelic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and PTEN mutations appear to be associated with the progression of gliomas leading to a decrement in the survival rate of patients. This present study was carried out to determine the LOH and PTEN mutational status in glioma patients and its association with patients' survival.
  11. Fulltext Computed tomography perfusion of ischaemic stroke patients in a rural Malaysian tertiary referral centre
    Man K, Kareem AM, Ahmad Alias NA, Shuaib IL, Tharakan J, Abdullah JM, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 2006 Mar;47(3):194-7.
    PMID: 16518552
    Computed tomography (CT) perfusion is a new method to diagnose ischaemic stroke especially in developing countries. It identifies the area and is useful to predict the size of final infarction. The aim of this study was to assess cerebral ischaemia with CT perfusion (CTP) among patients with acute ischaemic stroke in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, a tertiary referral centre in a rural setting.
  12. Absence of Ras, c-myc and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations in Human Gliomas and its Clinical Factors Associated with Pathological Grading After Six Years of Diagnosis in North East Malaysian Patients
    Ghazali MM, Mohd Zan MS, Yusof AA, Abdullah JM, Jaffar H, Ariff AR, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2005 Jul;12(2):27-33.
    PMID: 22605955 MyJurnal
    Neoplastic transformation appears to be a multi-step process in which the normal controls of cell proliferation and cell-cell interaction are lost, thus transforming normal cells into cancer. The tumorigenic process involves the interplay between oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. In this study, we have selected the ras family, c-myc and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genes to detect whether their abnormalities are associated with the expression and progression of glioma cases in Malay patients. We have used the polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism followed by direct sequencing for the study. For the ras gene family, we screened the point mutations in codons 12 and 61 of the H-, K-, and N-ras gene; for EGFR and c-myc, we analyzed only the exon 1 in glioma samples. In mutational screening analyses of the ras family, c-myc and EGFR gene, there was no mobility shift observed in any tumour analyzed. All patterns of single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) band observed in tumour samples were normal compared to those in normal samples. The DNA sequencing results in all high-grade tumours showed that all base sequences were normal. All 48 patients survived after five years of treatment. In simple logistic regression analysis, variables which were found to be significant were hemiplegia (p=0.047) and response radiotherapy (p=0.003). Hemiplegics were 25 times more likely to have high pathological grade compared to those without. Patients with vascular involvement were 5.5 times more likely to have higher pathological grade. However, these findings were not significant in multivariate analysis. Patients who had radiotherapy were nearly 14 times more likely to have higher pathological grade. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with hemiplegia were more likely to have higher pathological grade (p= 0.008). Those with higher pathological grading were 80 times more likely to have radiotherapy (p=0.004).
  13. Fulltext Review on Cross Talk between Neurotransmitters and Neuroinflammation in Striatum and Cerebellum in the Mediation of Motor Behaviour
    Abg Abd Wahab DY, Gau CH, Zakaria R, Muthu Karuppan MK, A-Rahbi BS, Abdullah Z, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2019;2019:1767203.
    PMID: 31815123 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1767203
    Neurological diseases particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, and epilepsy are on the rise all around the world causing morbidity and mortality globally with a common symptom of gradual loss or impairment of motor behaviour. Striatum, which is a component of the basal ganglia, is involved in facilitating voluntary movement while the cerebellum is involved in the maintenance of balance and coordination of voluntary movements. Dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate, to name a few, interact in regulating the excitation and inhibition of motor neurons. In another hand, interestingly, the motor loss associated with neurological diseases is possibly resulted from neuroinflammation induced by the neuroimmune system. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are present in the central nervous system (CNS), specifically and primarily expressed in microglia and are also found on neurons and astrocytes, functioning mainly in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production. TLRs are always found to be associated or involved in the induction of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) through TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stimulation initiate a signaling cascade whereby the TLR4-LPS interaction has been found to result in physiological and behavioural changes including retardation of motor activity in the mouse model. TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 was reflected in the reduction of the spinal cord pathology along with the motor improvement in ALS mouse. There is cross talk with neuroinflammation and neurochemicals. For example, TLR4 activation by LPS is noted to release proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, from microglia that subsequently suppresses GABA receptor activities at the postsynaptic site and reduces GABA synthesis at the presynaptic site. Glial glutamate transporter activities are also found to be suppressed, showing the association between TLR4 activation and the related neurotransmitters and corresponding receptors and transporters in the event of neuroinflammation. This review is helpful to understand the connection between neurotransmitter and neuroinflammation in striatum- and cerebellum-mediated motor behaviour.
  14. Role of toll-like receptor 4 antagonist Lipopolysaccharide-Rhodobacter sphaeroides on acute stress-induced voluntary ethanol preference and drinking behaviour: In vivo Swiss Albino mouse model
    Chuang HG, Aziz NHA, Wong JH, Mustapha M, Abdullah JM, Idris Z, et al.
    Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2021 04;45:59-72.
    PMID: 32014377 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.12.121
    The present study focused on investigating the effect of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist Lipopolysaccharide-Rhodobacter sphaeroides(LPS-RS) on acute, stress-induced voluntary ethanol preference and drinking behaviour, neuronal components activation, and gene expression associated with stress and addictive behaviour. This study involved the exposure of restraint stress and social isolation using Swiss Albino mice. Two-bottle choice ethanol preference analysis was used in the evaluation of voluntary ethanol seeking and drinking behaviour. Several behavioural assessments were carried out to assess fear and anxiety-like behaviour, neuromuscular ability, motor coordination and locomotion. Morphological and immunoreactivity analysis and gene expression analysis were done after the completion of behavioural assessments. TLR4 antagonist LPS-RS treated stressed-mice showed a significant decrease in ethanol drinking compared with stressed mice. Behavioural results showed that stress exposure induced fear and anxiety-like behaviour; however; no significant deficit was found on motor coordination, neuromuscular ability, locomotion and exploratory behaviour among groups. Morphological analysis showed no significant change in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus among all groups, while immunoreactivity analysis showed higher expression of c-Fos in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, higher TLR4 expression in the prefrontal cortex and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampus among stressed-animals. Stressed-mice also showed significant increase in TLR4, Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-kB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein-1 (CREB-1) and opioid receptor MU-1 (OPRM-1) genes expression compared with control and LPS-RS treated stressed-mice. As a conclusion, the antagonism of TLR4 could provide therapeutic value in the treatment of stress-induced addiction.
  15. Reliability of Telephone Interview for Assessment of Long-Term Stroke Outcomes: Evidence from Interrater Analysis
    Chen XW, Shafei MN, Abdullah JM, Musa KI
    Neuroepidemiology, 2019;52(3-4):214-219.
    PMID: 30799411 DOI: 10.1159/000497238
    BACKGROUND: A comprehensive evaluation of interrater reliability is crucial when it comes to multiple coders assessing the stroke outcomes using telephone interview. The reliability between telephone raters is important, as it could affect the accuracy of the findings published.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to establish the interrater reliability between multiple telephone interviewers when assessing long-term stroke outcomes.

    METHODS: Patients alive at discharge selected in a retrospective cohort stroke project were recruited in this study. Their contact numbers were obtained from the medical record unit. The patients and/or proxies were interviewed based on a standardized script in Malay or English. Stroke outcomes assessed were modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI) at 1-year post discharge. Fully crossed design was applied and 3 assessors collected the data simultaneously. Data was analysed using the software R version 3.4.4.

    RESULTS: Out of 207 subjects recruited, 132 stroke survivors at the time of interview were analysed. We found a significant excellent interrater reliability between telephone interviewers assessing BI, with intraclass correlation coefficient at 0.996 (95% CI 0.995-0.997). Whereas substantial agreement between the telephone interviewers was revealed in assessing mRS, with Fleiss', Conger's and Light's Kappa statistics reporting 0.719 and the Nelson's model-based κm kappa statistic reporting 0.689 (95% CI 0.667-0.711).

    CONCLUSION: It is reliable to get multiple raters in assessing mRS and BI using the telephone system. It is worthwhile to make use of a telephone interview to update clinicians on their acute clinical management towards long-term stroke prognosis.

  16. Fulltext Exploring the Need for Mobile Application in Stroke Management by Informal Caregivers: A Qualitative Study
    Haji Mukhti MI, Ibrahim MI, Tengku Ismail TA, Nadal IP, Kamalakannan S, Kinra S, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Oct 10;19(19).
    PMID: 36232257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912959
    BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) has been considered as a prominent concept in digital health and is widely used and easily accessible. Periodic follow-up visits, previously planned procedures, and rehabilitation services for stroke survivors have been cut down during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, in this qualitative study we aimed to explore the need for a mobile application in stroke management by informal caregivers.

    METHODS: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021. Thirteen respondents were recruited from two public rehabilitation centers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. In-depth interviews were conducted. A comprehensive representation of perspectives from the respondents was achieved through purposive sampling. The interviews were conducted in the Kelantanese dialect, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by using thematic analysis.

    RESULTS: Thirteen participants were involved in the interviews. All of them agreed with the need for a mobile application in stroke management. They believed the future stroke application will help them to seek information, continuous stroke home care, and help in the welfare of caregivers and stroke patients.

    CONCLUSIONS: The current study revealed two themes with respective subthemes that were identified, namely, self-seeking for information and reasons for using a stroke mobile application in the future. This application helps in reducing healthcare costs, enhancing the rehabilitation process, facilitating patient engagement in decision making, and the continuous monitoring of patient health.

  17. Teratocarcinosarcoma of the nasal cavity and ethmoid
    Sharma HS, Abdullah JM, Othman NH, Muhamad M
    J Laryngol Otol, 1998 Jul;112(7):682-6.
    PMID: 9775307
    Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is very unusual malignant neoplasm histologically consisting of an epithelial element and one or more mesenchymal components. This is a report of teratocarcinosarcoma, in a 74-year-old male, involving the right nasal cavity and ethmoids with intracranial extension. The tumour was totally resected via the craniofacial approach and the patient was given post-operative chemotherapy. Extensive tumour necrosis, rapid growth and local destruction are the prominent features of this tumour. The clinical presentation, pathological features and clinical course of this rare malignancy are discussed with a review of the literature.
  18. Enhanced induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the mitochondrial membrane potential disruption in human U87 malignant glioma cells by aloe emodin
    Ismail S, Haris K, Abdul Ghani AR, Abdullah JM, Johan MF, Mohamed Yusoff AA
    J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2013 Sep;15(9):1003-12.
    PMID: 23869465 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.818982
    Aloe emodin, one of the active compounds found in Aloe vera leaves, plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and death. It has been reported to promote the anti-cancer effects in various cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. However, the mechanism of inducing apoptosis by this agent is poorly understood in glioma cells. This research is to investigate the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest inducing by aloe emodin on U87 human malignant glioma cells. Aloe emodin showed a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of U87 cells proliferation and decreased the percentage of viable U87 cells via the induction of apoptosis. Characteristic morphological changes, such as the formation of apoptotic bodies, were observed with confocal microscope by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, supporting our viability study and flow cytometry analysis results. Our data also demonstrated that aloe emodin arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and promoted the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in U87 cells that indicated the early event of the mitochondria-induced apoptotic pathway.
  19. De-novo mutations and genetic variation in the SCN1A gene in Malaysian patients with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+)
    Tan EH, Razak SA, Abdullah JM, Mohamed Yusoff AA
    Epilepsy Res, 2012 Dec;102(3):210-5.
    PMID: 22944210 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.08.004
    Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) comprises a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous epilepsy syndrome. Here, we provide the first report of clinical presentation and mutational analysis of SCN1A gene in 36 Malaysian GEFS+ patients. Mutational analysis of SCN1A gene revealed twenty seven sequence variants (missense mutation and silent polymorphism also intronic polymorphism), as well as 2 novel de-novo mutations were found in our patients at coding regions, c.5197A>G (N1733D) and c.4748A>G (H1583R). Our findings provide potential genetic insights into the pathogenesis of GEFS+ in Malaysian populations concerning the SCN1A gene mutations.
  20. Fulltext An overview on the development of newcastle disease virus as an anti-cancer therapy
    Omar AR, Ideris A, Ali AM, Othman F, Yusoff K, Abdullah JM, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2003 Jan;10(1):4-12.
    PMID: 23365495
    Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one of the most economically important avian virus which affects the poultry industry worldwide. Although NDV is being very actively studied in Malaysia, there are still no studies on its potential as an anticancer agent, a new approach to treating cancer known as virotherapy. Currently, a collaborative research is being undertaken between Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) and Majlis Kanser Nasional (MAKNA) in characterising various local NDV isolates as anticancer agent. This paper describes an overview of the research that have been carried out worldwide in the use of NDV for cancer treatment and also some of our findings in characterising local NDVs with oncolytic properties.
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links