Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 59 in total

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  1. Penggunaan daya tindak negatif di kalangan atlet Malaysia
    Parnabas VA, Mahamood Y
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2009;olume 23:69-78.
    The purpose of this study is to identify negative coping strategies among athletes of various levels of performance (national, state, district, university and school), ethnicity (Malay, Chinese, Indian and others) and gender. Participants in this study were 908 Malaysian athletes, of which 502 were males and 406 were females. They were selected by stratified random sampling and had completed the Negative Coping Strategies questionnaire. The results show that male, district-level athletes who were of Indian ethnicity were the highest users of negative coping strategies. The results also showed that negative coping strategies enhanced performance. Contrary to previous research, the uses of negative coping strategies in this study were found to enhance performance in sport. Implications of these findings are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  2. Fulltext Case Report of an Adult Female with Neglected Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
    Krishnan GD, Yahaya N
    J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2018;33(2):199-201.
    PMID: 33442128 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.033.02.14
    An apparently well 27-year-old phenotypically male adult was seen at the endocrine clinic for gender assignment. Patient had been raised as a male and identifies as such. Abdominal CT scan showed a unilateral left adrenal mass and karyotyping revealed 46 XX female karyotype. She was diagnosed to have simple virilizing CAH and needed thorough counselling with subsequent management by a multidisciplinary team.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  3. The eleven-item Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST-11): Cross-cultural psychometric evaluation across 42 countries
    Lee CT, Lin CY, Koós M, Nagy L, Kraus SW, Demetrovics Z, et al.
    J Psychiatr Res, 2023 Sep;165:16-27.
    PMID: 37453212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.033
    The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is an instrument to screen substance-use-related health risks. However, little is known whether the ASSIST could be further shortened while remaining psychometrically sound across different countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual-orientation-based groups. The study aimed to validate a shortened 11-item ASSIST (ASSIST-11). Using the International Sex Survey data, 82,243 participants (M age = 32.39 years) across 42 countries and 26 languages completed questions from the ASSIST-11 regarding gender identity, sexual orientation, and other information. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) evaluated the ASSIST-11's structure and tested measurement invariance across groups. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were used to examine the internal consistency. Cohen's d and independent t-tests were used to examine known-group validity. The ASSIST-11 was unidimensional across countries, languages, age groups, gender identities (i.e., men, women, and gender-diverse individuals), and sexual orientations (i.e., heterosexual and sexual minority individuals). Cronbach's α was 0.63 and McDonald's ω was 0.68 for the ASSIST-11. Known-group validity was supported by Cohen's d (range between 0.23 and 0.40) with significant differences (p-values<0.001). The ASSIST-11 is a modified instrument with a unidimensional factor structure across different languages, age groups, countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations. The low internal consistency of the ASSIST-11 might be acceptable as it assesses a broad concept (i.e., use of several different substances). Healthcare providers and researchers may use the ASSIST-11 to quickly assess substance-use information from general populations and evaluate the need to follow up with more detailed questions about substance use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  4. The Missing Uterus, the Missed Diagnosis, and the Missing Care. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome in the Lives of Women in Malaysia
    Hatim H, Zainuddin AA, Anizah A, Kalok A, Daud TIM, Ismail A, et al.
    J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2021 Apr;34(2):161-167.
    PMID: 33189898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.11.009
    STUDY OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of the diagnosis of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome on affected Malaysian women.

    DESIGN: Qualitative study with a quantitative component.

    SETTING: Pediatric and adolescent gynecology unit at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia.

    PARTICIPANTS: Twelve women with MRKH.

    INTERVENTIONS: Face-to-face interview and short questionnaire.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Thematic analysis was used to understand participants' experiences.

    RESULTS: There were 7 themes identified: (1) delayed diagnoses; (2) doctors' roles and attitudes; (3) gender identity; (4) family and society's response; (5) reaction toward infertility; (6) managing sexual intimacy; and (7) coping mechanisms. Several participants consulted their physicians regarding their primary amenorrhea at an opportunistic setting. When they were referred to the gynecologists, they were dismayed at the lack of information given. The term, "MRKH" plays an important role to ease information-seeking. Participants felt that the doctors were insensitive toward them. Mental illness is a significant complication of MRKH. All participants acknowledged that infertility was the hardest part of the condition. The importance of blood lineage affects their outlook on childbearing options. Some were afraid of sexual intimacy and worried that they would not be able to satisfy their partners. Participants gained support and bonded with their counterparts in the MRKH support group.

    CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary approach including medical, psychological, and social support is essential for the management of MRKH. Adequate information and sexual education plays the utmost importance in preventing social-related complications of MRKH.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  5. Mental health literacy of maternal and paternal postnatal (postpartum) depression in British adults
    Swami V, Barron D, Smith L, Furnham A
    J Ment Health, 2019 May 09.
    PMID: 31070064 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2019.1608932
    BACKGROUND: Postnatal depression affects between 6 and 13% of new parents, but only a small proportion of individuals who meet diagnostic criteria receive optimal treatment. One reason for this is poor mental health literacy of postnatal depression.

    AIMS: Studies have examined mental health literacy of maternal postnatal depression, but there are no similar studies of paternal postnatal depression, which we sought to rectify.

    METHODS: A sample of 406 British adults was presented with vignettes describing cases of either maternal or paternal postnatal depression. Based on the vignettes, participants were asked to report if they thought anything was wrong with the targets and, if so, to describe what they thought was wrong. Participants also rated the targets on a range of attitudinal dimensions.

    RESULTS: Participants were more likely to indicate that something was wrong when the target was female (97.0%) compared to male (75.9%). Of those who believed something was wrong, 90.1% of participants correctly described the female target as experiencing postnatal depression, but only 46.3% did so for the male target. Participants also held more positive attitudes toward the female target than the male target.

    CONCLUSIONS: There is a gender binary in symptom recognition of postnatal depression, which highlights the need for greater awareness of paternal postnatal depression.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  6. Photographing human subjects in biomedical disciplines: an Islamic perspective
    Saidun S
    J Med Ethics, 2013 Feb;39(2):84-8.
    PMID: 23038799 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2012-100794
    Visual recording of human subjects is commonly used in biomedical disciplines for clinical, research, legal, academic and even personal purposes. Guidelines on practice standards of biomedical recording have been issued by certain health authorities, associations and journals, but none of the literature discusses this from an Islamic perspective. This article begins with a discussion on the general rules associated with visual recording in Islam, followed by modesty issues in biomedical recording and issues of informed consent and confidentiality. In order to be deemed ethical from the Islamic perspective, all the aforementioned criteria must conform to, or not contradict, Islamic teaching.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity*
  7. Sexual Fluidity in a Malaysian Sample: A Case for the Presence of Facilitative Environments within a Restrictive Sociocultural and Political Landscape
    Pinto J, Lai SY, Low WY
    J Homosex, 2023 Dec 06;70(14):3399-3420.
    PMID: 35771718 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2022.2094745
    This study investigated sexual fluidity in attractions and subsequent fluidity in sexual identities, its associations with sexual orientation identity labels, and self-reported likelihood of future change in sexual identity labels in a sample of same-sex attracted Malaysian women and men. Participants completed an online questionnaire measuring sexual fluidity in attractions and sexual identity, sexual orientation identity labels and likelihood of future change in identity labels. Sexual fluidity in attractions was reported by 72% of women and 64% of men, with 44% of women and 38% of men reporting subsequent fluidity in sexual orientation identities. There were no significant gender differences observed in the frequency of sexual fluidity in attractions and change in sexual identity labels. There were also no significant gender differences in the self-reported likelihood of future change in sexual identity labels. Sexual fluidity was found to be associated with sexual identity labels representing non-exclusive sexual attractions for both men and women. Findings provide preliminary support for the presence of facilitative environments within a largely conservative and restrictive sociocultural and political landscape.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  8. When Health Intersects with Gender and Sexual Diversity: Medical Students' Attitudes Towards LGBTQ Patients
    Fazli Khalaf Z, Liow JW, Nalliah S, Foong ALS
    J Homosex, 2023 Jul 29;70(9):1763-1786.
    PMID: 35285780 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2022.2042662
    A central tenet of the health professions is that of equitable access to health care. However, disparities in equitable healthcare provision continues to be a challenge in many societies due to prejudices against the LGBTQ community. This study was aimed at exploring the attitudes of medical students toward LGBTQ patients in Malaysia. A qualitative approach was adopted to seek depth of understanding of clinical year medical students' perceptions and attitudes toward LGBTQ patients. Data were collected in 2018 through individual interviews and focus group discussions with a total of 29 participants, using a semi-structured question guideline. Purposive sampling comprised representation from the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia. Thematic analysis using NVivo highlighted three main themes i.e., neutrality, in compliance with the Professional Code of Conduct; implicit biases and tolerance of an Odd Identity; explicit biases with prejudices and stereotyping. The lack of knowledge and understanding of the nature and issues of sexuality is problematic as found in this study. They are primarily biases and prejudices projected onto marginalized LGBTQ patients who must contend with multiple jeopardies in conservative societies such as in Malaysia. With some state policies framed around Islam the concern is with the belief among Malay/Islamic students for LGBTQ individuals to go through conversion 'therapies' to become cisgender and heterosexual.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  9. The other-race effect in children from a multiracial population: A cross-cultural comparison
    Tham DS, Bremner JG, Hay D
    J Exp Child Psychol, 2017 03;155:128-137.
    PMID: 27965175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.11.006
    The role of experience with other-race faces in the development of the other-race effect was investigated through a cross-cultural comparison between 5- and 6-year-olds and 13- and 14-year-olds raised in a monoracial (British White, n=83) population and a multiracial (Malaysian Chinese, n=68) population. British White children showed an other-race effect to three other-race faces (Chinese, Malay, and African Black) that was stable across age. Malaysian Chinese children showed a recognition deficit for less experienced faces (African Black) but showed a recognition advantage for faces of which they have direct or indirect experience. Interestingly, younger (Malaysian Chinese) children showed no other-race effect for female faces such that they can recognize all female faces regardless of race. These findings point to the importance of early race and gender experiences in reorganizing the face representation to accommodate changes in experience across development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  10. Fulltext Gender difference in understanding ageing and retirement
    Nik Osman, N.N.A., Awang, H.
    JUMMEC, 2019;22(1):27-32.
    MyJurnal
    The age-old wisdom is that “women live longer than men”. Gender difference in life expectancy is becoming a
    worldwide phenomenon both in developed and developing countries. The process of ageing may be viewed
    from the perspectives of physical, psychological, and social-economic wellbeing. We investigated gender
    difference in understanding ageing in relation to life expectancy, fears relating to diseases and deteriorating
    economic status, and perceived old age comfort and their preparedness. Data were obtained from an online
    survey and in-person interview of 518 respondents aged 40 years and older residing in Malaysia, which was
    based on a convenience sample collected from May 2015 to January 2016. Data were analysed using chisquared
    tests and multinomial logistic regression. There were varying views between men and women when
    it came to understanding ageing in relation to life expectancy, fears of ageing, deteriorating economic status
    and their perception of old age comfort. Women were more optimistic about living longer compared to men
    but feared more the consequences of old age diseases. In spite of displaying less concern about financial
    preparedness, women were, however, willing to cut down expenses, while men would prefer longer working
    hours to ensure a comfortable retirement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  11. A novel role for estrogen-induced signaling in the colorectal cancer gender bias
    Haziman AA, Ravinderan S, Thangavelu T, Thomas W
    Ir J Med Sci, 2019 May;188(2):389-395.
    PMID: 30014247 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-018-1867-1
    Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy whose incidence is increasing globally, and there is a gender difference in the increasing risk. Evidence from hormone replacement therapy studies points to a role for circulating estrogens in suppressing the development of CRC. Estrogen receptor-β has been identified as a tumor suppressor, but other actions of estrogen may also contribute to the difference in CRC incidence between men and women. The KCNQ1/KCNE3 potassium channel is regulated by estrogen in order to modulate chloride secretion during the menstrual cycle; the effect of estrogen on the colon is to promote fluid conservation during the implantation window. KCNQ1 is also a tumor suppressor in CRC, and its sustained expression has been linked to suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that contributes to CRC tumor progression. KCNQ1 regulation may represent a link between the normal physiological actions of estrogen in the colon and the hormone's apparent tumor-suppressive effects in CRC development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  12. Catching up with wonderful women: The women-are-wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies
    Krys K, Capaldi CA, van Tilburg W, Lipp OV, Bond MH, Vauclair CM, et al.
    Int J Psychol, 2018 Oct;53 Suppl 1:21-26.
    PMID: 28295294 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12420
    Inequalities between men and women are common and well-documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies-there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women-are-wonderful effect-that women are evaluated more positively than men overall-is also common. Cross-cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self-reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women-are-wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity*
  13. Cervical cancer screening attitudes and beliefs of Malaysian women who have never had a pap smear: a qualitative study
    Wong LP, Wong YL, Low WY, Khoo EM, Shuib R
    Int J Behav Med, 2008;15(4):289-92.
    PMID: 19005928 DOI: 10.1080/10705500802365490
    Attitudes toward cervical cancer and participation in early detection and screening services are well known to be profoundly affected by cultural beliefs and norms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  14. Fulltext Gender identity disorder is not simply two in one
    Syed Masroor, A., Abdul Ghani, K.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013;12(2):83-85.
    MyJurnal
    A Case Report on Gender Identity Disorder with Recurrent Depressive Disorder is presented. Individuals having this disorder often exhibit discomfort about their actual anatomic gender, and they may have wished to alter their bodies. Sex role-stereotypes adopted during childhood are the beliefs, characteristics and behaviors of individual cultures that are considered normal and appropriate for boys and girls to possess. These "norms" are influenced by one's family and friends, the mass-media, and their community. Since some cultures disapprove of cross-gender behavior, it often results in significant problems for affected individuals and those in close relationships with them. The importance of treatment is not only because of the high rate of mental-health problems, including Depression but with higher suicide rate among untreated transsexual people than in the general population. These problems are not usually related to the gender identity issues themselves, but the social and cultural responses to gender-deviated individuals. An example which classically illustrates Gender Identity Disorder is the case of a young man from Brunei Darussalam, who was seen and treated. This
    contribution will highlight the cultural and religious perspective of this Disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  15. Fulltext Psycho-social and spiritual backgrounds, experiences, and needs as a transsexual: a qualitative study within Persatuan Insaf Pahang
    Drama, S., Maliya, S., Liyana, A., Farhani, S., Jannah, R., Razman., M.R.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2016;15(2):27-36.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Transsexuals face discriminations and rejections from the Malaysian society. The number of
    studies done on understanding the phenomenology, experiences, and problems faced by transsexuals is still
    few in Malaysia. This research aims to document their psycho-social and spiritual backgrounds and the
    relevant experiences, and to explore their perceptions and needs as male-to-female transsexuals in the
    context of Persatuan Insaf Pahang, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A qualitative research was carried out
    in July and August 2015 among eight male-to-female transsexual adults in Kuantan, Pahang. Snowball
    sampling was used. Participants who gave consent were interviewed in two focus groups. Data obtained was
    transcribed and used as the primary data source. Results: Subjects in this study reported confusions over
    their gender identity since childhood. They struggled against conflicts regarding their transsexuality in
    adolescence, and eventually many quit their studies. As adults, they were discriminated against in
    employment and religious settings. They provided positive feedbacks on religious authorities who could
    understand problems unique to transsexuals and empathise with the transsexual community. Conclusion: The
    psycho-sexual phenomenology is the same in transsexuals all over the world. Misunderstanding and
    discrimination from the society remain heavy towards this community. Transsexuals should learn to adapt to
    meeting expectations from the society as well, so they could be accepted in public. They will need religious
    guidance and spiritual support for better quality of life. Dedicated efforts are still needed in training
    professionals in the educational, medical, and religious fields to attend to the specific needs of transsexuals
    in this country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  16. Addressing men and gender diversity in education: a promising solution to the HIV/AIDS epidemic
    Ghajarieh AB, Kow KY
    Health Care Women Int, 2011 Apr;32(4):314-27.
    PMID: 21409664 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2010.532577
    To date, researchers investigating gender in relation to social issues underscore women and appear to sideline men. Focusing on women in studies concerning sociogender issues may exclude not only men from mainstream research, but also those who do not fit into the binary gender system, including gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) people. One area closely related to gender issues is the HIV epidemic. Mainstream discussions of men and other versions of masculinity and femininity including GLBT people in the gender-related studies of the HIV epidemic can decrease the vulnerability of individuals against HIV infections regardless of their biological sex.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity*
  17. Hazarding health: experiences of body, work, and risk among factory women in Malaysia
    Root R
    Health Care Women Int, 2009 Oct;30(10):903-18.
    PMID: 19742364 DOI: 10.1080/07399330903042807
    In the 1970s, Malaysia launched an export-oriented development strategy as a means of financing the nation's modernization. The success of the strategy hinged significantly on intensive recruitment of women for factory employment. I draw on descriptive qualitative research, including interviews (51), surveys (106), and ethnography in Malaysia to investigate factory women's experiences of work and work-related health risks. Discourse analysis surfaced a latent consciousness of bodily changes in relation to work. A grounded theory analysis showed a compromised access to occupational risk knowledge that may bear negatively on women's well-being and the role women's new labor identities played in mediating the meanings of work and risks. Given the predominance of women workers in low-end manufacturing globally, I aimed to contribute to theoretical and applied understandings of gender, globalization, and health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  18. Gendered burdens and impacts of SARS-CoV-2: a review
    Ayittey FK, Dhar BK, Anani G, Chiwero NB
    Health Care Women Int, 2021 2 23;41(11-12):1210-1225.
    PMID: 33616506 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1809664
    Using the SRQR EQUATOR checklist, we review the gendered burdens and impacts of SARS-CoV-2. Although men are primarily detected to be slightly more vulnerable in succumbing to the ongoing COVID-19 contagion, many researchers have recognized that women are facing more of the devastating brunt in secondary terms. Aside gendered health and social impacts, women are more disproportionately disadvantaged than men in economic terms, as they are predominantly found in the part-time and informal occupations, which have been closed down for months now since the emergence of the current global crisis. Also, since women form the vast proportion of the caregivers within the health sector, their role in handling the pandemic as frontline respondents at the hospitals put them in higher risks of contracting the disease. Despite this higher risk of infection, the peculiar attentions to women's health in the planning and rolling out of actions to contain the virus have been overlooked. Additionally, their unpaid domestic care works have also increased due to closure of schools and businesses, which have forced family members to stay at home for as long as movement control orders remain in place. In this confined state, the domestic violence against women have been recorded to be on the increase. To recommend measures that consider gendered dimensions of the current crisis, we have reviewed the various sex-based burdens and impacts of the pandemic, and proceeded to suggest necessary response actions to handle the situation. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects of the outbreak on women, and how the gendered flaws in the current response strategies could be avoided in managing future global crises.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity*
  19. Fulltext Gender identity, healthcare access, and risk reduction among Malaysia's mak nyah community
    Gibson BA, Brown SE, Rutledge R, Wickersham JA, Kamarulzaman A, Altice FL
    Glob Public Health, 2016 Aug-Sep;11(7-8):1010-25.
    PMID: 26824463 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2015.1134614
    Transgender women (TGW) face compounded levels of stigma and discrimination, resulting in multiple health risks and poor health outcomes. TGW identities are erased by forcing them into binary sex categories in society or treating them as men who have sex with men (MSM). In Malaysia, where both civil and religious law criminalise them for their identities, many TGW turn to sex work with inconsistent prevention methods, which increases their health risks. This qualitative study aims to understand how the identities of TGW sex workers shapes their healthcare utilisation patterns and harm reduction behaviours. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 male-to-female transgender (mak nyah) sex workers in Malaysia. Interviews were transcribed, translated into English, and analysed using thematic coding. Results suggest that TGW identity is shaped at an early age followed by incorporation into the mak nyah community where TGW were assisted in gender transition and introduced to sex work. While healthcare was accessible, it failed to address the multiple healthcare needs of TGW. Pressure for gender-affirming health procedures and fear of HIV and sexually transmitted infection screening led to potentially hazardous health behaviours. These findings have implications for developing holistic, culturally sensitive prevention and healthcare services for TGW.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity
  20. Knowledge on involvement during pregnancy among fathers in respective areas in Kuantan, Malaysia
    Hanapi NNM, Isa MLM, Yusof AM
    Enferm Clin, 2019 09;29 Suppl 2:572-578.
    PMID: 31302017 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.06.008
    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify the knowledge on the involvement of father during pregnancy among fathers in the respective area in Kuantan.

    METHOD: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional with a quantitative study. There were 103 participants recruited. The data of this study were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) with one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation test for significant analyses.

    RESULT: The result showed that half of the fathers have high knowledge of pregnancy and knowledge on involvement regarding pregnancy. There is a significant difference between age factors with mean knowledge of father regarding pregnancy. Meanwhile, there is also a significant difference between age and knowledge on the involvement of father during pregnancy. In addition, a number of children and knowledge on the involvement of father during pregnancy also showed a significant association. The knowledge level of father regarding pregnancy and the knowledge on involvement during pregnancy among fathers is directly, linearly and moderately correlated.

    CONCLUSION: This study can be concluded that fathers in Kuantan are possessed average knowledge on involvement regarding pregnancy. This shows that man lag behind in their responsibilities in pregnancy. In which, they do not clearly know what their role is during pregnancy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gender Identity*
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