MyMedR

Fulltext Oral health problem among pregnant mothers: age and attitude do matter

Karimah Hanim Abd Aziz, Nurjasmine Aida Jamani, Zurainie Abllah

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):31-31.

MyJurnal

Oral health care during pregnancy is greatly important as it is crucial to the health
and well-being to both pregnant mother and baby. Studies showed that mothers with oral health
problem have greater risk of prematurity and low birth weight babies. This study aimed to measure
the associated factors of oral health problem among pregnant mothers. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases

Occult primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Tai, Yong-Ting, Tong, Chin-Voon

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2017;11(2):30-33.

MyJurnal

We report a case of occult primary spontaneous
pneumothorax in a 30 years-old woman. She
developed symptoms and signs that were suggestive of
pneumothorax. However, chest radiograph failed to
reveal pneumothorax. Therefore, we proceeded with
computed tomography (CT) thorax which revealed
significantly moderate right pneumothorax. The
diagnostic approach and the management of this case
are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases

Fulltext Nifedipine maintenance tocolysis and perinatal outcome: an individual participant data meta-analysis

van Vliet E, Dijkema GH, Schuit E, Heida KY, Roos C, van der Post J, et al.

BJOG, 2016 Oct;123(11):1753-60.

PMID: 27550838 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14249

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Whether continued tocolysis after 48 hours of rescue tocolysis improves neonatal outcome is unproven.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of maintenance tocolytic therapy with oral nifedipine on the reduction of adverse neonatal outcomes and the prolongation of pregnancy by performing an individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA).

SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for randomised controlled trials of maintenance tocolysis therapy with nifedipine in preterm labour.

SELECTION CRITERIA: We selected trials including pregnant women between 24 and 36(6/7) weeks of gestation (gestational age, GA) with imminent preterm labour who had not delivered after 48 hours of initial tocolysis, and compared maintenance nifedipine tocolysis with placebo/no treatment.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The primary outcome was perinatal mortality. Secondary outcome measures were intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), prolongation of pregnancy, GA at delivery, birthweight, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and number of days on ventilation support. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were performed.

MAIN RESULTS: Six randomised controlled trials were included in this IPDMA, encompassing data from 787 patients (n = 390 for nifedipine; n = 397 for placebo/no treatment). There was no difference between the groups for the incidence of perinatal death (risk ratio, RR 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.35-5.33), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) ≥ grade II (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.16-2.67), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) (RR 1.15; 95% CI 0.50-2.65), infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.51-1.85), and prolongation of pregnancy (hazard ratio, HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.55-1.01).

CONCLUSION: Maintenance tocolysis is not associated with improved perinatal outcome and is therefore not recommended for routine practice.

TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Nifedipine maintenance tocolysis is not associated with improved perinatal outcome or pregnancy prolongation.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/mortality; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/prevention & control

Newborn seizure detection based on heart rate variability

Malarvili MB, Mesbah M

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2009 Nov;56(11):2594-603.

PMID: 19628449 DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2009.2026908

In this paper, we investigate the use of heart rate variability (HRV) for automatic newborn seizure detection. The proposed method consists of a sequence of processing steps, namely, obtaining HRV from the ECG, extracting a discriminating HRV feature set, selecting an optimal subset from the full feature set, and, finally, classifying the HRV into seizure/nonseizure using a supervised statistical classifier. Due to the fact that HRV signals are nonstationary, a set of time-frequency features from the newborn HRV is proposed and extracted. In order to achieve efficient HRV-based automatic newborn seizure detection, a two-phase wrapper-based feature selection technique is used to select the feature subset with minimum redundancy and maximum class discriminability. Tested on ECG recordings obtained from eight newborns with identified EEG seizure, the proposed HRV-based neonatal seizure detection algorithm achieved 85.7% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity. These results suggest that the HRV is sensitive to changes in the cardioregulatory system induced by the seizure, and therefore, can be used as a basis for an automatic seizure detection.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis*; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/physiopathology

Neonatal outcomes and its association among gestational diabetes mellitus with and without depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study

Lee KW, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Ramachandran V, Chong SC, Tusimin M, et al.

Midwifery, 2020 Feb;81:102586.

PMID: 31830674 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2019.102586

OBJECTIVE: Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in gestational diabetes mellitus ranges from 10.2% to 39.9% based on previous studies in Malaysia. Presence of depression, anxiety or stress in pregnancy may increase the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neonatal outcomes and its association among mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus with and without the presence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Malaysia.

DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study.

SETTING: Tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.

PARTICIPANTS: Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 418) who deliver their neonates at two major tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.

MEASUREMENTS: Neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm birth, macrosomia, metabolic and electrolyte disorders, neonatal respiratory distress and congenital anomalies were determined.

FINDINGS: Prevalence of low birth weight in neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus was 14.6%, followed by metabolic and electrolyte disorders 10.5%, preterm birth 9.1%, macrosomia 4.8%, neonatal respiratory distress 5.8% and congenital anomalies (2.4%). Among the adverse neonatal outcomes, neonatal respiratory distress was significantly associated with the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus using univariate analysis (p = 0.010). After controlling for confounding factors, predictors for neonatal respiratory distress at delivery were the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (Adjusted OR = 3.87, 95% CI = 1.32-11.35), living without a husband (Adjusted OR = 9.74, 95% CI = 2.04-46.51), preterm delivery (Adjusted OR = 7.20, 95% CI = 2.23-23.30), caesarean section (Adjusted OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.09-10.15), being nulliparous and primiparous (Adjusted OR = 3.62, 95% CI = 1.17-11.17) and having family history of diabetes (Adjusted OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.11-9.21).

KEY CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study demonstrate the positive association of neonatal respiratory distress with the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: It is therefore important to identify depression symptoms after a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant mothers is made to enable early referral and interventions.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology*

Neonatal narcotic drug withdrawal syndrome

Khoo BH

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Jun;32(4):297-301.

PMID: 732626

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis*

Fulltext Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) in three Malay children

Ngu HL, Zabedah MY, Kobayashi K

Malays J Pathol, 2010 Jun;32(1):53-7.

PMID: 20614727 MyJurnal

Citrin deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the SLC25AJ3 gene. It has two major phenotypes: adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) and neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD). NICCD is characterized by neonatal/infantile-onset cholestatic hepatitis syndrome associated with multiple amino acidemia and hypergalactosemia. NICCD is self-limiting in most patients. However, some patients may develop CTLN2 years later, which manifests as fatal hyperammonemia coma. We report three unrelated Malay children with genetically confirmed NICCD characterised by an insertion mutation IVS16ins3kb in SLC25A13 gene. All 3 patients presented with prolonged neonatal jaundice which resolved without specific treatment between 5 to 10 months. Of note was the manifestation of a peculiar dislike of sweet foods and drinks. Elevated plasma citrulline was an important biochemical marker. NICCD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cholestatic jaundice in Malaysian infants regardless of ethnic origin.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/genetics

Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia

Sinniah D

Med J Malaya, 1971 Mar;25(3):211-4.

PMID: 4253249

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology*

Fulltext Neonatal group B beta-haemolytic streptococcal infection in Kuala Lumpur

Minhaj AA, Jamal F, Mohamed R

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Dec;35(2):117-21.

PMID: 7022149

First six cases of neonatal group B beta-haemolytic streptococcal sepsis in GHKL & Maternity Hospital K.L. were reported and in one third, it was fatal. Five of the cases were 'early - onset' type and one was 'late - onset' type. While maternal infant transmission of the disease is important in the 'early - onset' type, environmental sources of infection are also significant. No gestational age or birthweight is spared from the disease. Finally, there are cases of 'early - onset' GBS sepsis presenting like hyaline membrane disease of the newborn and it is important to find ways to distinguish them which so far has not been satisfactory.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis*

Fulltext Neonatal bartter syndrome

Wong AC, Chan LG

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Oct;69(5):229-30.

PMID: 25638238 MyJurnal

We report a case of neonatal Bartter syndrome in a 31 weeks premature baby girl with antenatal unexplained polyhydramnios requiring amnioreduction. She presented with early onset E. coli septicaemia and severe dehydration leading to pre-renal renal impairment which obscure the typical biochemical changes of hypokalaemic hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases

Fulltext Neonatal alimentary obstruction in Malaysia

Laidin AZ, Mohd Nor M, Abdul Wahab Y, Mahamooth Z

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Sep;37(3):281-9.

PMID: 7177013

Over the six-veer periodfrom. 1976 to 1981, there were 241 neonates referred to the U.K.M. Paediatric Surgical Unit, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur for alimentary tract obstruction and 207 were operated on. The three commonest conditions were anorectal anomalies (91 cases), Hirschsprung's disease (31 cases) and oesophageal atresia (30 cases). Overall operatioe mortality was 28.0 percent. This was high when preoperative complications lihe gut perforation (88.9 percent) or pneumonia (61.9 percent) and associated severe anomalies (90.9 percent) or chromosomal abnormalities (66.7 percent) were present. Emphasis is placed on the establishment of early diagnosis and the significance of the green vomit and maternal hydramnios is highlighted, The need is felt for more specialised nurses and the creation of a separate neonatal ICU in this hospital.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/surgery*

Migration in Malaysian aborigines: clinical observations in pregnancy

Ong HC

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Sep;6(3):407-412.

PMID: 1221499

This study presents clinical observations in pregnancy made on aborigines of the deep jungle and "outside" populations. Migration out of the jungle results in lowered nutritional status as a result of low socio-economic status in the "outside" aborigine. This, together with food habits, increased family size and higher incidence of helminthic infestations, results in lower mean values of Hb, PVC and MCHC and a higher prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in the migrant aborigine. A higher population density in the "outside" population resulting in frequent intermingling and increased chances of cross-contamination probably explains the increased vaginal bacterial growth in the "outside" Aborigine women. A higher prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in the "outside" aborigine woman is probably related to exposure to oral contraceptives and broad-spectrum antibiotics. On the other hand, better medical and obstetrical services become more readily available to the "outside" aborigine and this results in a favourable influence on perinatal health.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/mortality

Metabolic acidosis and renal solute load in relation to the protein intake of low birth weight Malaysian neonates

Johnson RO, Johnson BH, Raman A, Lee EL, Lam KL

Aust Paediatr J, 1979 Jun;15(2):101-6.

PMID: 485988

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology*

Maternal and neonatal effects of Acinetobacter colonisation in preterm premature rupture of membrane and term labour

Sood M, Mohd Zain Z, Abu NA, Chee SC, Mohd Nor NS

Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):40-44.

PMID: 30846661

INTRODUCTION: Some anecdotal reports suggest that maternal colonisation with Acinetobacter baumannii during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal effects, including preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM). The objective of this study was to compare the maternal and neonatal effects of A. baumannii colonisation in cases with PPROM and those with spontaneous onset of labour at term.

METHODS: The recruitment of participants' was carried out at Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia. Vaginal swabs were prospectively taken from 104 patients of PPROM and 111 with spontaneous onset of labour at term. Swabs were also taken from the axillae and ears of their babies. These swabs were cultured to isolate A. baumannii. Maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes were documented.

RESULTS: Sixteen mothers were A. baumannii positive, eight from each group respectively. None of the cases developed chorioamnionitis or sepsis. Those positive were four cases of PPROM and two babies of term labour. None of the babies developed sepsis.

CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support the suggestion that A. baumannii colonisation during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology*

Low serum albumin concentration predicts the need for surgical intervention in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis

Sharif SP, Friedmacher F, Amin A, Zaki RA, Hird MF, Khashu M, et al.

J Pediatr Surg, 2020 Dec;55(12):2625-2629.

PMID: 32771214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.07.003

PURPOSE: To investigate whether serum albumin (SA) concentration can predict the need for surgical intervention in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

METHODS: Retrospective review of all cases with NEC Bell's stage 2 and 3 that were treated in a single center between 2009 and 2015. Data on patient demographics, clinical parameters, laboratory findings and surgical status were recorded. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to evaluate optimal cutoffs and predictive values.

RESULTS: Overall, 151 neonates with NEC were identified. Of these, 132 (87.4%) had confirmed NEC Bell's stage 2. The median gestational age was 28.4 (range, 23.1-39.0) weeks and 69 (52.3%) had a birth weight of ≤1000 g. Sixty-eight (51.5%) underwent surgery, showing a sustained reduction in SA over time with significantly lower median SA levels compared to 64 (48.5%) cases that responded well to medical treatment (18.3 ± 3.7 g/L vs. 26.0 ± 2.0 g/L; P 

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases*

Intensive therapy in neonatal tetanus

Ganendran A

Anaesthesia, 1974 May;29(3):356-62.

PMID: 4599155

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy*

Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression in the placentae of diabetic and normal pregnancies

Hayati AR, Cheah FC, Tan AE, Tan GC

Early Hum Dev, 2007 Jan;83(1):41-6.

PMID: 16750336 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.04.002

BACKGROUND: Septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (sHCM) is a characteristic anomaly of the infant of diabetic mother (IDM). Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been identified as a mediator of tissue overgrowth and we have previously shown that maternal IGF-1 levels were significantly elevated among neonates with asymmetrical sHCM. IGF-1 does not cross the placenta; it exerts physiologic action through binding to the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). Localisation and expression of IGF-1R in term diabetic pregnancies are largely unclear. We have studied IGF-1R in the placentae of diabetic and normal pregnancies and this receptor expression in association with neonates with sHCM.
METHODS: IGF-1R localization and expression in the placentae of six diabetic pregnancies associated with neonatal sHCM were compared with six each of randomly selected diabetic and normal pregnancies without neonatal sHCM by immunohistochemistry. The staining for IGF-1R in the deciduas, cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and villous endothelium for these 18 samples were assessed and scored by two pathologists who were blinded to the respective diagnoses.
RESULTS: Placental IGF-1R staining was negative in the villous endothelium for all three groups. IGF-1R staining was present in deciduas, cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts but the staining was weaker in the entire group of infants with sHCM compared to those without sHCM.
CONCLUSIONS: IGF-1R is localized in all cell types of the placenta except in villous endothelium. Weaker placental IGF-1R staining in the placentae of diabetic pregnancies associated with sHCM suggests reduced expression of IGF-1R. This may be a down-regulatory response to elevated maternal IGF with neonatal sHCM outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology

Fulltext Infant with a sudden, large, post-extubation subglottic cyst

Asha'ari ZA, Suhaimi Y, Fadzil A, Zihni M

Malays J Med Sci, 2012 Oct;19(4):84-7.

PMID: 23613654 MyJurnal

Acquired subglottic cyst in infancy is almost always associated with episodes of early life intubation. Most cases typically presented late, usually days to months after extubation. We report a case of a subglottic cyst with different presentation than the norm. This case highlights that subglottic cyst can present acutely, and rapidly enlarging soon after the airway extubation. As the management of a large subglottic cyst can be challenging, a close observation for early diagnosis and intervention are recommended post extubation in the high-risk cases, such as in the premature infant.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases

Group B streptococci in a maternity unit

Jamal F, Mohamed R, Zainal Z, Arshat H

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):349-51.

PMID: 574917

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology*

Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn

Kwan PW, Khoo BH, Lam KL, Puthucheary SD

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):71-5.

PMID: 396463

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases*

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 53 in total